CGS1060 TEST 1 STUDY GUIDE
CORRECT 100%
Describe what is meant by the term "computer hardware" - ANSWER the physical parts
of a computer system
Describe the system unit of a computer - ANSWER tower or chassis; part of the
computer that houses the motherboard, which is the circuit board that holds the
computers main microprocessor
Describe types of computers - ANSWER laptops, desktops, tablet, all-in-one computers,
embedded computers, and 2-in-1 computers
Identify a smartphone - ANSWER a handheld computer with cellular networking
capability
Identify a media player - ANSWER allow you to listen to audio files such as
music,podcasts, read books, and watch videos. Media players are often referred to as
Personal Media Players (PMP) due to their transportability and customization.
Describe computer processors - ANSWER AKA the central processing unit (CPU); the
brains of the computer where most calculations take place
Explain computer storage - ANSWER results of the processing are stored in RAM.
Once the results are stored, the processor fetches the next instruction or piece of data.
Explain graphics output - ANSWER a computer's ability to display information; comes in
many forms like images, video and audio
Describe how a computer works - ANSWER Input (fetch) - Process (decode) - Output
(execute) - Store
What is the boot process? - ANSWER the loading of an operating system into main
memory of a device.
Name the 4 steps of the boot process - ANSWER 1. The device is powered on and the
CPU activates BIOS; 2.The Power-On Self-Test is executed; 3.The OS is loaded into
RAM; 4.The OS checks the registry settings and loads saved configuration settings
Describe speed regarding computers - ANSWER The speed of a digital device's
processor is determined by a number of factors. Most important in determining a
computer's speed are clock speed and bus width.
Define hertz - ANSWER cycles per second; used to measure frequency
, Define bus - ANSWER a channel over which information flows
Define bus width - ANSWER the amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time
Describe SAGE - ANSWER stands for Semi-Automatic Ground Environment; developed
by the US - a system of radar stations to warn of an incoming Soviet nuclear attack
Describe packet switching - ANSWER sending information in many small packets over
multiple lines; part of the SAGE network
Describe ARPAnet - ANSWER the US Defense Department's Advanced Research
Projects Agency (now called DARPA), hired Professor J.C.R. Licklider to connect the
computer networks of 4 universities; UCSB, UCLA, Stanford University, and the
University of Utah. This is designed such that even if individual computers or networks
failed, ARPAnet would continue to work.
What do modems do? - ANSWER convert analog (wave) signals into digital signals
Describe the functions of a router - ANSWER connects two networks, for example, a
home Wi-Fi network to an Internet Service Provider's network.
Describe a dual-band router - ANSWER Wi-Fi capable routers that use both shorter and
higher frequency signals to transmit data
Describe the functions of a switch - ANSWER connect devices that are within the same
network and ensure that the correct data is sent to and from the correct devicewithin the
network
Define Media Access Control Address - ANSWER known as MAC addresses, allow
switches to distinguish between different devices in the same network
Define an Internet Protocol (IP) address - ANSWER an address that allows other
computers on the Internet to send data to your home computer
What are the two portions of an IP address? - ANSWER network and host
Describe the network portion of an IP address - ANSWER also called the network
identifier is indicated by a certain number of bits, starting with the left-most bit
Describe the host portion of an IP address - ANSWER indicated by the remaining bits
that are present after the network identifier and identify the host of the network
Describe how IP addresses are assigned - ANSWER assigned by the Internet
Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). ICANN assigns blocks of IP
addresses which in turn assign the addresses to their customers
CORRECT 100%
Describe what is meant by the term "computer hardware" - ANSWER the physical parts
of a computer system
Describe the system unit of a computer - ANSWER tower or chassis; part of the
computer that houses the motherboard, which is the circuit board that holds the
computers main microprocessor
Describe types of computers - ANSWER laptops, desktops, tablet, all-in-one computers,
embedded computers, and 2-in-1 computers
Identify a smartphone - ANSWER a handheld computer with cellular networking
capability
Identify a media player - ANSWER allow you to listen to audio files such as
music,podcasts, read books, and watch videos. Media players are often referred to as
Personal Media Players (PMP) due to their transportability and customization.
Describe computer processors - ANSWER AKA the central processing unit (CPU); the
brains of the computer where most calculations take place
Explain computer storage - ANSWER results of the processing are stored in RAM.
Once the results are stored, the processor fetches the next instruction or piece of data.
Explain graphics output - ANSWER a computer's ability to display information; comes in
many forms like images, video and audio
Describe how a computer works - ANSWER Input (fetch) - Process (decode) - Output
(execute) - Store
What is the boot process? - ANSWER the loading of an operating system into main
memory of a device.
Name the 4 steps of the boot process - ANSWER 1. The device is powered on and the
CPU activates BIOS; 2.The Power-On Self-Test is executed; 3.The OS is loaded into
RAM; 4.The OS checks the registry settings and loads saved configuration settings
Describe speed regarding computers - ANSWER The speed of a digital device's
processor is determined by a number of factors. Most important in determining a
computer's speed are clock speed and bus width.
Define hertz - ANSWER cycles per second; used to measure frequency
, Define bus - ANSWER a channel over which information flows
Define bus width - ANSWER the amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time
Describe SAGE - ANSWER stands for Semi-Automatic Ground Environment; developed
by the US - a system of radar stations to warn of an incoming Soviet nuclear attack
Describe packet switching - ANSWER sending information in many small packets over
multiple lines; part of the SAGE network
Describe ARPAnet - ANSWER the US Defense Department's Advanced Research
Projects Agency (now called DARPA), hired Professor J.C.R. Licklider to connect the
computer networks of 4 universities; UCSB, UCLA, Stanford University, and the
University of Utah. This is designed such that even if individual computers or networks
failed, ARPAnet would continue to work.
What do modems do? - ANSWER convert analog (wave) signals into digital signals
Describe the functions of a router - ANSWER connects two networks, for example, a
home Wi-Fi network to an Internet Service Provider's network.
Describe a dual-band router - ANSWER Wi-Fi capable routers that use both shorter and
higher frequency signals to transmit data
Describe the functions of a switch - ANSWER connect devices that are within the same
network and ensure that the correct data is sent to and from the correct devicewithin the
network
Define Media Access Control Address - ANSWER known as MAC addresses, allow
switches to distinguish between different devices in the same network
Define an Internet Protocol (IP) address - ANSWER an address that allows other
computers on the Internet to send data to your home computer
What are the two portions of an IP address? - ANSWER network and host
Describe the network portion of an IP address - ANSWER also called the network
identifier is indicated by a certain number of bits, starting with the left-most bit
Describe the host portion of an IP address - ANSWER indicated by the remaining bits
that are present after the network identifier and identify the host of the network
Describe how IP addresses are assigned - ANSWER assigned by the Internet
Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). ICANN assigns blocks of IP
addresses which in turn assign the addresses to their customers
