Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Ed TEST BANK by Stahl | All Chapters 1-14 NEWEST VERSION

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, STAHLS ESSENTIAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGY bb bb




NEUROSCIES NtTaIhFlI'CsB EAssSeISnA tiaNlDPPsR ycAhCoTpIC hEarAmPaPcLoIC loAgTyION5TH b kk kk b




EDITION TEST
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Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
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Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission bb bb bb




MULTIPLE CHOICE bb




1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a
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chemical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the
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theory that depression primarily involves which of the following
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neurotransmitters?
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a. Cortisol and GABA bb bb




b. COMT and glutamate bb bb




c. Monamine and glycine bb bb




d. Serotonin and norepinephrine bb bb




ANS: D
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One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.
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Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of
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depression. There is no research to support that the other options play a significant
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role in the development of depression.
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2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in
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damage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce
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this diagnosis?
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a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon bb bb bb kk bb bb




b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet bb bb kk kk bb bb




c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure bb bb bb bb




d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands kk kk bb bb bb bb bb




ANS: B
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Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
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motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle
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strength are not controlled by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are
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always prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information
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that the therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
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a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area bb bb bb bb bb




b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses bb bb bb bb bb bb bb




c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
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d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
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, ANS: C bb




Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cleft
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and have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of
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schizophrenia, on dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the
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sensitivity of the peripheral nervous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia
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or psychotropic medications.
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4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle with
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understanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor
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would base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb




a. behavioral interventions bb




A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently use
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b. in their practice
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Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brain
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c. traumacaused cognitive symptoms
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Necessary for planning psychiatric care for allpatients especially thosebb bb bb bb bb bb b bb bb




d. experiencing psychiatric disorders
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ANS: D bb




Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a
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neurologic basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This
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understanding facilitates effective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is not
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used exclusively by advanced practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only
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behavior therapies or brain trauma since dealing with the results of normal and
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abnormal brain function is a responsibility of all nurses providing all types of care to
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the psychiatric patient.
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5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by her
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chronic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
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a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer. bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb




b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
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c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
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d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the body
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ANS: C
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Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-releasing factors that
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suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric disorders such as
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mood disorders are sometimes associated with decreased functioning of the immune
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system. Research does not support a connection between many cancers and stress.
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There is a significant amount of research about stress and the body. Research has
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shown that there are some connections between stress and physical disease.
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, 6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric
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rehabilitation needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the nurse
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identify as a focus of nursing intervention?
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a. Expression of emotion bb bb




b. Detecting auditory stimuli bb bb




c. Receiving visual images bb bb




d. Processing associations bb




ANS: D
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The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information
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that allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock,
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dressing self, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional
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expression is associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a
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temporal lobe function. Receiving visual images is related to occipital lobe function.
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7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct in the
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right cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the
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patient:
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a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech bb bb bb bb




b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
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c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
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d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hair bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb




ANS: B
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The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles.
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The right hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left
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side of the body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on
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the left side of the body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity.
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Brocas area controls motor speech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the
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association cortex.
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The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
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8. A patient with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus. The
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patient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to
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individualize the patients medication teaching by:
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a. Including the patients caregiver in the education bb bb bb bb bb bb




b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as prescribed
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Providing the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm and
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c. relaxed
Encouraging the patient to crush or dissolve the medication to help with bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb




d. swallowing
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ANS: A bb




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