MARYVILLE PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1
PREP COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS PASS GUARANTEED
100% ✅
Sensory-Motor Period - Answer ✅Piaget: 0-2yrs
object permanence by 2y/o; requires the ability to form a mental representation (i.e., a schema)
of the object.
Respond to stimuli; new people;
Response patterns: hand to mouth
Searches for hidden objects
understands causes not visible
Pre-operational Stage - Answer ✅Piaget: 2 to 7 years
punishment for bad deeds is unavoidable (immanent justice)
think about things symbolically: a word or an object - stand for something other than itself.
Egocentric: you do it too; difficulty taking another view point.
Animistic: I'm afraid of the moon
Lack of hierarchy: where do the blocks go
Centration: I want it now!
Irreversibility: I don't know how to go back there
Tranducive reasoning: go the way Daddy goes
@2025 Exam Material 1
,5-6 get humor; do chores
6-7 good memory, solve problems
Concrete Operations Period - Answer ✅Piaget: 7 to 11 years
can think logically but still learn best from direct experience.
thought is logical and reversible; the child understands classes, relationships, and part-whole
relationships dealing with concrete things.
understanding of conservation and reversibility: conserve number (age 6), mass (age 7), and
weight (age 9).
Understand hierarchies
Formal (abstract) Operational stage - Answer ✅Piaget: 11 years to adulthood—development of
logic and reasoning and second-order thoughts: thinking about thoughts.
the ability to think about abstract concepts, and logically test hypotheses.
Problem-solving is systematized and organized manner, rather than through trial-and-error
Avoid things based on supposition of neg consequences
Trust vs. Mistrust - Answer ✅Erickson: Infancy to 18 mo
If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic trust; dependent on primary
caregiver attachment
Hope
temporal perspective vs time confusion
mutual recognition vs autistic isolation
psychopathology: psychosis, addiction, depression
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Answer ✅Erikson: 18 mo-3 yrs
@2025 Exam Material 2
,learns to exercise will and to do things independently. Holding on and letting go: speech,
sphincter and muscle control
Will
Will to be oneself vs doubt
Self-certainty vs self-consciousness
psychopath: paranoia, obsessions, compulsions, impulsivity
Initiative vs. Guilt - Answer ✅Erikson: 3-5 yrs
independence in planning, playing and other activities. beginnings of super-ego, conscience in
failure of the oedipal quest
Purpose
Anticipation of roles vs role inhibition
Role experimentation vs role fixation
psychopath: conversion disorder, inhibition
Industry vs. Inferiority - Answer ✅Erikson: 5 and 13 yrs
learns to be productive, work with others, division of labor, acquisition of tools, identification
with teachers and occupations.
Competence
Task ID vs sense of futility
Apprenticeship vs work paralysis
If earlier stages fail or interruption of this stage: inadequacy and inferiority
psychopath: creative inhibition, inertia
identity vs. role confusion - Answer ✅Erikson: 13-21 yrs
teenagers and young adults search for and become their true selves. Comparison of self as
viewed by others vs as viewed by self. Social roles important
@2025 Exam Material 3
, Fidelity
psychopath: delinquent behavior; gender-related identity; borderline psychotic episodes
Intimacy vs. Isolation - Answer ✅Erikson: 21-40 yrs
stage in which individuals form deeply personal relationships, marry, begin families. Make and
honor commitments
To love and to work
Love
Sexual polarization vs bisexual confusion
Psychopath: schizoid personality; distantiation (repudiate, isolate and destroy what is dangerous
to one's own)
Generativity vs. Stagnation - Answer ✅Erikson 40-65 y/o
middle-aged people begin to devote themselves more to fulfilling one's potential and doing
public service. Guiding the next generation
Care
leadership and followership vs abdication of responsibility
psychopath: midlife crisis, escapism in alcohol, drugs, sex, other infidelities
premature invalidism
Ego Integrity vs. Despair - Answer ✅Erikson: 65+
achieve a sense of integrity of the self by accepting the lives they have lived or yield to despair
that their lives cannot be relived. Love in a meaningful way; stop wishing for different
Wisdom
ideological commitment vs confusion of values
psychopath: extreme alienation and despair.
@2025 Exam Material 4
PREP COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS PASS GUARANTEED
100% ✅
Sensory-Motor Period - Answer ✅Piaget: 0-2yrs
object permanence by 2y/o; requires the ability to form a mental representation (i.e., a schema)
of the object.
Respond to stimuli; new people;
Response patterns: hand to mouth
Searches for hidden objects
understands causes not visible
Pre-operational Stage - Answer ✅Piaget: 2 to 7 years
punishment for bad deeds is unavoidable (immanent justice)
think about things symbolically: a word or an object - stand for something other than itself.
Egocentric: you do it too; difficulty taking another view point.
Animistic: I'm afraid of the moon
Lack of hierarchy: where do the blocks go
Centration: I want it now!
Irreversibility: I don't know how to go back there
Tranducive reasoning: go the way Daddy goes
@2025 Exam Material 1
,5-6 get humor; do chores
6-7 good memory, solve problems
Concrete Operations Period - Answer ✅Piaget: 7 to 11 years
can think logically but still learn best from direct experience.
thought is logical and reversible; the child understands classes, relationships, and part-whole
relationships dealing with concrete things.
understanding of conservation and reversibility: conserve number (age 6), mass (age 7), and
weight (age 9).
Understand hierarchies
Formal (abstract) Operational stage - Answer ✅Piaget: 11 years to adulthood—development of
logic and reasoning and second-order thoughts: thinking about thoughts.
the ability to think about abstract concepts, and logically test hypotheses.
Problem-solving is systematized and organized manner, rather than through trial-and-error
Avoid things based on supposition of neg consequences
Trust vs. Mistrust - Answer ✅Erickson: Infancy to 18 mo
If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic trust; dependent on primary
caregiver attachment
Hope
temporal perspective vs time confusion
mutual recognition vs autistic isolation
psychopathology: psychosis, addiction, depression
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Answer ✅Erikson: 18 mo-3 yrs
@2025 Exam Material 2
,learns to exercise will and to do things independently. Holding on and letting go: speech,
sphincter and muscle control
Will
Will to be oneself vs doubt
Self-certainty vs self-consciousness
psychopath: paranoia, obsessions, compulsions, impulsivity
Initiative vs. Guilt - Answer ✅Erikson: 3-5 yrs
independence in planning, playing and other activities. beginnings of super-ego, conscience in
failure of the oedipal quest
Purpose
Anticipation of roles vs role inhibition
Role experimentation vs role fixation
psychopath: conversion disorder, inhibition
Industry vs. Inferiority - Answer ✅Erikson: 5 and 13 yrs
learns to be productive, work with others, division of labor, acquisition of tools, identification
with teachers and occupations.
Competence
Task ID vs sense of futility
Apprenticeship vs work paralysis
If earlier stages fail or interruption of this stage: inadequacy and inferiority
psychopath: creative inhibition, inertia
identity vs. role confusion - Answer ✅Erikson: 13-21 yrs
teenagers and young adults search for and become their true selves. Comparison of self as
viewed by others vs as viewed by self. Social roles important
@2025 Exam Material 3
, Fidelity
psychopath: delinquent behavior; gender-related identity; borderline psychotic episodes
Intimacy vs. Isolation - Answer ✅Erikson: 21-40 yrs
stage in which individuals form deeply personal relationships, marry, begin families. Make and
honor commitments
To love and to work
Love
Sexual polarization vs bisexual confusion
Psychopath: schizoid personality; distantiation (repudiate, isolate and destroy what is dangerous
to one's own)
Generativity vs. Stagnation - Answer ✅Erikson 40-65 y/o
middle-aged people begin to devote themselves more to fulfilling one's potential and doing
public service. Guiding the next generation
Care
leadership and followership vs abdication of responsibility
psychopath: midlife crisis, escapism in alcohol, drugs, sex, other infidelities
premature invalidism
Ego Integrity vs. Despair - Answer ✅Erikson: 65+
achieve a sense of integrity of the self by accepting the lives they have lived or yield to despair
that their lives cannot be relived. Love in a meaningful way; stop wishing for different
Wisdom
ideological commitment vs confusion of values
psychopath: extreme alienation and despair.
@2025 Exam Material 4
