NSG 533 (NSG533) Advanced Pharmacology
Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest 2025
Top Rated A+
What non-pharmacological interventions could you recommend to
help a patient avoid gout attacks (what triggers should they avoid)?
-life style modifications: weight loss, smoking + alcohol cessation
-lower BP by following DASH diet
-increase non-sugary fluid intake
If a physician said a patient's community acquired pneumonia was
caused by a virulent pathogen, what is the physician saying about the
pathogen?
More virulent pathogens will cause more severe disease
In addition, be sure to understand which non-opiod medications you
would use for a patient with neuropathic pain.
Gabapentin, pregabalin, transdermal lidocaine, TCAs.
If a patient has a true allergy to morphine, what opioid, if any, could
you try instead?
True opioid allergies are rare. When a true allergy is present, an agent
,from another opiate classed should be used. For example, a patient
with a true opiate allergy could receive fentanyl.
Know the common side effects which opioids can cause:
Excessive sedation (reduce dose by 25%), constipation (senna,
dulcolax, N/V (hydroxyzine/ diphenhydramine), gastroparesis,
vertigo, resp. depression, CNS irritability.
Know the WHO pain treatment algorithm:
Mild pain (1-3) non-opioid analgesic scheduled ATC
Moderate pain (4-6) Add opioid to scheduled non-opioid ATC
Severe pain (7-10) Switch to high dose opioid, ATC
Understand when you would use acetaminophen versus an NSAID or
an NSAID instead of acetaminopehn
NSAIDs work best on inflammatory pain or pain mediated by
prostaglandins (RA, menstrual and post-surgical pain) and bony
metastasis. NSAIDS come with increased GIB risk and renal
impairment.
APAP is a good first line for mild to moderate pain and considered
the first line in low back pain and osteoarthritic. APAP hepatotoxicity
has occured in those w. liver injury or chronic drinkers.
, What class of prophylaxis for migraines should be avoided in
asthmatics?
Beta blockers would usually be a medication used in the prophylaxis
of migraines but this would not be the best choice in an asthmatic.
What could you use for prophylaxis of migraines?
-beta-blockers if not contraindicated (or CCB)
-low-dose TCAs (amitriptyline, venlafaxine)
-antiepileptics (topiramate, valproic acid, divalproex sodium)
What could you use in the treatment of acute migraine symptoms?
mild to moderate: APAP, ASA or combination products w/ caffeine
moderate to severe: triptans are 1st line
What absolute contraindications would prevent you from using
triptans?
Hx of neurologic focality
Stroke
Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest 2025
Top Rated A+
What non-pharmacological interventions could you recommend to
help a patient avoid gout attacks (what triggers should they avoid)?
-life style modifications: weight loss, smoking + alcohol cessation
-lower BP by following DASH diet
-increase non-sugary fluid intake
If a physician said a patient's community acquired pneumonia was
caused by a virulent pathogen, what is the physician saying about the
pathogen?
More virulent pathogens will cause more severe disease
In addition, be sure to understand which non-opiod medications you
would use for a patient with neuropathic pain.
Gabapentin, pregabalin, transdermal lidocaine, TCAs.
If a patient has a true allergy to morphine, what opioid, if any, could
you try instead?
True opioid allergies are rare. When a true allergy is present, an agent
,from another opiate classed should be used. For example, a patient
with a true opiate allergy could receive fentanyl.
Know the common side effects which opioids can cause:
Excessive sedation (reduce dose by 25%), constipation (senna,
dulcolax, N/V (hydroxyzine/ diphenhydramine), gastroparesis,
vertigo, resp. depression, CNS irritability.
Know the WHO pain treatment algorithm:
Mild pain (1-3) non-opioid analgesic scheduled ATC
Moderate pain (4-6) Add opioid to scheduled non-opioid ATC
Severe pain (7-10) Switch to high dose opioid, ATC
Understand when you would use acetaminophen versus an NSAID or
an NSAID instead of acetaminopehn
NSAIDs work best on inflammatory pain or pain mediated by
prostaglandins (RA, menstrual and post-surgical pain) and bony
metastasis. NSAIDS come with increased GIB risk and renal
impairment.
APAP is a good first line for mild to moderate pain and considered
the first line in low back pain and osteoarthritic. APAP hepatotoxicity
has occured in those w. liver injury or chronic drinkers.
, What class of prophylaxis for migraines should be avoided in
asthmatics?
Beta blockers would usually be a medication used in the prophylaxis
of migraines but this would not be the best choice in an asthmatic.
What could you use for prophylaxis of migraines?
-beta-blockers if not contraindicated (or CCB)
-low-dose TCAs (amitriptyline, venlafaxine)
-antiepileptics (topiramate, valproic acid, divalproex sodium)
What could you use in the treatment of acute migraine symptoms?
mild to moderate: APAP, ASA or combination products w/ caffeine
moderate to severe: triptans are 1st line
What absolute contraindications would prevent you from using
triptans?
Hx of neurologic focality
Stroke
