CARDIO EXAM 2(17
Which of the following vessels used in a coronary artery bypass graft is preferable due to its
ability to resist atherosclerosis? - ANSWERSInternal mammary artery
A pacemaker that can stimulate the atrium, can detect spontaneous atrial depolarizations, and
can inhibit a pending stimulus when a spontaneous depolarization is detected is referred to
which of the following NBG pacemaker codes? - ANSWERSAAI
Older adults who undergo a video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery experience which of the
following advantages that would be MOST beneficial with regard to age-related complications? -
ANSWERSReduced postoperative confusion
A patient who is positioned one-quarter turn from supine (operative side elevated) with the
upper most arm flexed at the elbow and placed beneath the back is in preparation for which of
the following surgical approaches? - ANSWERSAnterolateral thoracotomy
Which of the following statements is an accurate hypothesis explaining how lung volume
reduction surgery improves symptoms and pulmonary function in a patient with end-stage
emphysema? - ANSWERSAll of the above are plausible hypotheses.
Which of the following cardiac transplantation techniques demonstrates two separate P waves
on the ECG? - ANSWERSBiatrial technique
Research evidence does not support the benefits of preoperative rehabilitation for heart and
lung transplant candidates to improve function and activity tolerance. - ANSWERSFalse
Which of the following infection control practices should involve the minimum required
personal protective equipment when visiting a patient who is within 12 to 24 hours
,postoperative thoracic organ transplantation? - ANSWERSAll visitors (family and health care
providers) should at least wear a mask and perform hand washing.
Which of the following reasons is given for a reduced infection rate with tunneled catheters for
long-term use as compared to peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) lines? -
ANSWERSThe tunneled catheter is protected by the natural barrier of the skin.
The term cardiac index is BEST defined by which of the following statements? - ANSWERSThe
amount of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time per square meter of body surface area
Low central venous pressure (CVP) indicates which of the following clinical abnormalities? -
ANSWERSDehydration
Which of the following bispectral index monitor (BIS) reading value ranges indicates light to
moderate sedation? - ANSWERS60 to 70
The clinical method for myocardial oxygen demand assessment, double product or RPP, is
determined by which of the following? - ANSWERSProduct of heart rate and systolic blood
pressure
Which of the following BEST describes the advantage of parenteral drugs in the management of
hemodynamic instability in an emergence or critical care settings? - ANSWERSBioavailability is
greater.
Which of the following group of drugs mimics the activity of the endogenous chemicals of the
sympathetic nervous system? - ANSWERS
A patient being evaluated as a home health patient is noted to be taking a diuretic and
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Which of the following statements describes BEST how
this drug combination is acting to reduce the patient's hypertension? - ANSWERSActs to reduce
circulating fluid volume and inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
, Which of the following pathological factors lead to bronchoconstriction? - ANSWERSAll of the
above
Which of the following substances would MOST likely enhance cyclic adenosine
monophosphate (cAMP)? - ANSWERSAll of the above
Which of the following statements is MOST true about cyclic adenosine monophosphate
(cAMP)? - ANSWERSInhibits mast cell degranulation.
Blockade of muscarinic receptors results in which of the following physiological changes? -
ANSWERSPrevents the increase in cGMP.
You are evaluating a patient who is post a posterolateral thoracotomy procedure and is
complaining of ipsilateral shoulder pain. Which of the following is LEAST likely a probable cause
of the shoulder pain? - ANSWERSDeveloping atelectasis postoperatively
The primary cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality in the thoracic surgical population is
which of the following? - ANSWERSRespiratory complications
Common risk factors for thoracic aortic aneurysms include which of the following factors? -
ANSWERSAll of the above
Which of the following criteria is considered absolute for a heart donor? - ANSWERSNo positive
test for hepatitis B
Which of the following monitoring tools is BEST to assess a heart transplant patient's initial
response to increases in activity? - ANSWERSRating of perceived exertion
Which of the following vessels used in a coronary artery bypass graft is preferable due to its
ability to resist atherosclerosis? - ANSWERSInternal mammary artery
A pacemaker that can stimulate the atrium, can detect spontaneous atrial depolarizations, and
can inhibit a pending stimulus when a spontaneous depolarization is detected is referred to
which of the following NBG pacemaker codes? - ANSWERSAAI
Older adults who undergo a video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery experience which of the
following advantages that would be MOST beneficial with regard to age-related complications? -
ANSWERSReduced postoperative confusion
A patient who is positioned one-quarter turn from supine (operative side elevated) with the
upper most arm flexed at the elbow and placed beneath the back is in preparation for which of
the following surgical approaches? - ANSWERSAnterolateral thoracotomy
Which of the following statements is an accurate hypothesis explaining how lung volume
reduction surgery improves symptoms and pulmonary function in a patient with end-stage
emphysema? - ANSWERSAll of the above are plausible hypotheses.
Which of the following cardiac transplantation techniques demonstrates two separate P waves
on the ECG? - ANSWERSBiatrial technique
Research evidence does not support the benefits of preoperative rehabilitation for heart and
lung transplant candidates to improve function and activity tolerance. - ANSWERSFalse
Which of the following infection control practices should involve the minimum required
personal protective equipment when visiting a patient who is within 12 to 24 hours
,postoperative thoracic organ transplantation? - ANSWERSAll visitors (family and health care
providers) should at least wear a mask and perform hand washing.
Which of the following reasons is given for a reduced infection rate with tunneled catheters for
long-term use as compared to peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) lines? -
ANSWERSThe tunneled catheter is protected by the natural barrier of the skin.
The term cardiac index is BEST defined by which of the following statements? - ANSWERSThe
amount of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time per square meter of body surface area
Low central venous pressure (CVP) indicates which of the following clinical abnormalities? -
ANSWERSDehydration
Which of the following bispectral index monitor (BIS) reading value ranges indicates light to
moderate sedation? - ANSWERS60 to 70
The clinical method for myocardial oxygen demand assessment, double product or RPP, is
determined by which of the following? - ANSWERSProduct of heart rate and systolic blood
pressure
Which of the following BEST describes the advantage of parenteral drugs in the management of
hemodynamic instability in an emergence or critical care settings? - ANSWERSBioavailability is
greater.
Which of the following group of drugs mimics the activity of the endogenous chemicals of the
sympathetic nervous system? - ANSWERS
A patient being evaluated as a home health patient is noted to be taking a diuretic and
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Which of the following statements describes BEST how
this drug combination is acting to reduce the patient's hypertension? - ANSWERSActs to reduce
circulating fluid volume and inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
, Which of the following pathological factors lead to bronchoconstriction? - ANSWERSAll of the
above
Which of the following substances would MOST likely enhance cyclic adenosine
monophosphate (cAMP)? - ANSWERSAll of the above
Which of the following statements is MOST true about cyclic adenosine monophosphate
(cAMP)? - ANSWERSInhibits mast cell degranulation.
Blockade of muscarinic receptors results in which of the following physiological changes? -
ANSWERSPrevents the increase in cGMP.
You are evaluating a patient who is post a posterolateral thoracotomy procedure and is
complaining of ipsilateral shoulder pain. Which of the following is LEAST likely a probable cause
of the shoulder pain? - ANSWERSDeveloping atelectasis postoperatively
The primary cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality in the thoracic surgical population is
which of the following? - ANSWERSRespiratory complications
Common risk factors for thoracic aortic aneurysms include which of the following factors? -
ANSWERSAll of the above
Which of the following criteria is considered absolute for a heart donor? - ANSWERSNo positive
test for hepatitis B
Which of the following monitoring tools is BEST to assess a heart transplant patient's initial
response to increases in activity? - ANSWERSRating of perceived exertion
