Diphtheria toxin kills cells by interfering with which of the following processes?
A. adenylate cyclase activity
B. complement function
C. cytoplasmic membrane function
D. nucleic acid synthesis
E. protein synthesis
E. protein synthesis
Which of the following is an opportunistic pathogen commonly present in the nasal
cavity as a member of the microbiota?
A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Pneumocystis jiroveci
C. Legionella pneumophilia
D. Veillonella species
E. Bordetella pertussis
A. Staphylococcus aureus
Neutrophils are inhibited from gathering at the site of infection by Mycobacterium
tuberculosis by what virulence factor of the pathogen?
,A. kinase
B. mycolic acid
C. hemolysin
D. cord factor
E. the capsule
D. cord factor
Which of the following factors is primarily responsible for the ability of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis to survive long periods of time in dried droplets of respiratory aerosols?
A. the presence of LPS in the outer membrane
B. the presence of mycolic acid in the cell wall
C. formation of tubercles
D. pyrogenic toxin
E. production of cord factor
B. the presence of mycolic acid in the cell wall
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding infection with Mycoplasma
pneumoniae?
A. It is diagnosed by the appearance of typical "fried-egg" colonies on agar
B. The causative agent attaches to ciliated cells in the respiratory tract.
,C. It causes disease that is usually severe enough to require hospitalization.
D. It is extremely difficult to treat.
E. The causative agent is a fast-growing Gram-positive bacillus.
B. The causative agent attaches to ciliated cells in the respiratory tract.
What is the primary determinant of virulence in Streptococcus pneumoniae?
A. strain-specific teichoic acids in its cell wall
B. the presence of a particular Lancefield antigen
C. the presence of a polysaccharide capsule
D. the ability to lyse red blood cells
E. the production of pneumolysin
C. the presence of a polysaccharide capsule
, Legionella pneumophila is a fastidious bacterium, which
A. is part of the microbiota of the nasal cavity which occasionally invades the lungs.
B. survives in the environment as an intracellular parasite of a protozoan.
C. can be easily cultured in nutrient agar plates.
D. is part of the microbiome of the lower respiratory system.
E. is capable of forming endospores.
B. survives in the environment as an intracellular parasite of a protozoan.
Which of the following Streptococcus pyogenes virulence factors kills leukocytes and
erythrocytes?
A. C5a peptidase
B. the hyaluronic acid capsule
C. pyrogenic toxins
D. streptokinases
E. streptolysins
E. streptolysins
A recently retired man appears at his doctor's office complaining of difficulty breathing,
body aches and fatigue. He is also running a high fever and has a dry cough. He reports
A. adenylate cyclase activity
B. complement function
C. cytoplasmic membrane function
D. nucleic acid synthesis
E. protein synthesis
E. protein synthesis
Which of the following is an opportunistic pathogen commonly present in the nasal
cavity as a member of the microbiota?
A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Pneumocystis jiroveci
C. Legionella pneumophilia
D. Veillonella species
E. Bordetella pertussis
A. Staphylococcus aureus
Neutrophils are inhibited from gathering at the site of infection by Mycobacterium
tuberculosis by what virulence factor of the pathogen?
,A. kinase
B. mycolic acid
C. hemolysin
D. cord factor
E. the capsule
D. cord factor
Which of the following factors is primarily responsible for the ability of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis to survive long periods of time in dried droplets of respiratory aerosols?
A. the presence of LPS in the outer membrane
B. the presence of mycolic acid in the cell wall
C. formation of tubercles
D. pyrogenic toxin
E. production of cord factor
B. the presence of mycolic acid in the cell wall
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding infection with Mycoplasma
pneumoniae?
A. It is diagnosed by the appearance of typical "fried-egg" colonies on agar
B. The causative agent attaches to ciliated cells in the respiratory tract.
,C. It causes disease that is usually severe enough to require hospitalization.
D. It is extremely difficult to treat.
E. The causative agent is a fast-growing Gram-positive bacillus.
B. The causative agent attaches to ciliated cells in the respiratory tract.
What is the primary determinant of virulence in Streptococcus pneumoniae?
A. strain-specific teichoic acids in its cell wall
B. the presence of a particular Lancefield antigen
C. the presence of a polysaccharide capsule
D. the ability to lyse red blood cells
E. the production of pneumolysin
C. the presence of a polysaccharide capsule
, Legionella pneumophila is a fastidious bacterium, which
A. is part of the microbiota of the nasal cavity which occasionally invades the lungs.
B. survives in the environment as an intracellular parasite of a protozoan.
C. can be easily cultured in nutrient agar plates.
D. is part of the microbiome of the lower respiratory system.
E. is capable of forming endospores.
B. survives in the environment as an intracellular parasite of a protozoan.
Which of the following Streptococcus pyogenes virulence factors kills leukocytes and
erythrocytes?
A. C5a peptidase
B. the hyaluronic acid capsule
C. pyrogenic toxins
D. streptokinases
E. streptolysins
E. streptolysins
A recently retired man appears at his doctor's office complaining of difficulty breathing,
body aches and fatigue. He is also running a high fever and has a dry cough. He reports
