NCE Exam V2
1. a desire to live up to society's expectations and a desire to conform: -
Kohlberg's second stage of moral development
2. has self-imposed morals & ethics: post conventional morality
3. difference between a child's performance without a teacher vs. what they are capable of
with a teacher (Vygotsky): zone of proximal development
4. could be classified as maturationists: Freud & Erikson
5. focuses on mindfulness, created by Linehan; useful for clients harboring feelings of self-
harm and suicide also works with substance abuse issues: -DBT (dialectical behavior therapy)
6. bonding and attachment: John Bowlby
7. generativity vs stagnation: Which Erikson stage does the midlife crisis occur?
8. experiment on rhesus monkeys, showing the importance of bodily contact;"contact
comfort": Harry Harlow
9. true according to research by Maccoby and Jacklin (sex-role differencesmay come from
child-rearing patterns than biology). They were only better in highschool and college: Males
are better than females when performing mathcalculations is
10. Erikson's 6th stage in which individuals form deeply personal relation-ships, marry, begin
families: intimacy vs. isolation
11. the baby monkey was more likely to cling to a terry-cloth surrogate motherthan a wire
surrogate mother (contact comfort is important in infant's devel- opment): In Harry Harlow's
experiments with baby monkeys
12. oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage, genital stage: Freud'sPsychosexual
Stages
13. Males commit suicide more often than females.: In adolescence
14. suicide rates tend to increase with age.: In the general US population
15. is greatest during middle age.: The fear of death
16. which evolves primarily during the oral stage: In Freudian theory, attachmentis a major
factor
17. girls grow up to smile more, girls are using more feeling words by age2, girls are better
able to read ppl without verbal cues at any age.: When comparing girls to boys
18. latency (social interests replace sexual interests): The Freudian develop-mental stage
which "least" emphasizes sexuality is
19. boys are punished more than girls: In terms of parenting young children
20. Heredity vs. Environment: Nature vs. Nurture
,21. qualitative changes between stages occur: Stage theorists assume
22. is a continuous process which begins at conception: development
23. head to foot (head of the fetus develops earlier than the legs: Developmentis
cephalocaudal
24. assumes a normal person has 23 pairs of chromosomes, that heredity characteristics are
transmitted by chromosomes, assumes genes composedof DNA hold a genetic code: Heredity
is the transmission of traits from parents tooffspring and
25. abstract thinking emerges, problems can be solved using deduction: Pi-aget's final stage,
formal operational stage. In this stage
26. 6;3 (Preconventional: punishment/obedience orientation & naive hedo- nism;
Conventional: good girl/good boy & authority, law and order; Postcon- ventional: social
contract & morality of self-accepted principles): Kohlberg lists
stages of moral development which fall into levels.
27. has reached Kohlberg's highest stage of moral development and is in the postconventional
level of self-accepted moral principals.: Person who lives by her conscience and universal
ethical principles
28. is the stage in which fantasies of sexual relations with the opposite-sexparent occur;
occurs during phallic stage: Freud's Oedipus Complex
29. Electra complex: In girls the Oedipus complex may be referred to as
30. The "visual cliff" experiment. Showed that depth perception cues areinnate.: Eleanor
Gibson
31. Empiricists: Theorists who believe that development merely consists of quan-titative
changes are referred to as
32. behavioristic: A empiricist view of development
33. Ran over and clung to cloth and wire surrogate mothers. Contact was more important
than milk and monkeys preferred terry-cloth mothers over wire mothers even when they both
dispensed milk: Harlow: Frightened monkeys
34. motivation to reduce discomfort (dissonance) caused by inconsistency inattitude and
behavior: cognitive dissonance
35. the greater the number of bystanders who witness an emergency, the lesslikely any one
of them is to help: bystander effect
36. the belief that social interactions are more important than sexual drives inpersonality
development (ex. Erikson's Eight Stages): psycho-social theory
37. Any theory of behavior that emphasizes internal conflicts, motives, andunconscious
forces: psychodynamic theory
, 38. believe in man's powers of reasoning to control behavior: ego psychologists
39. a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, strives to satisfy basic sexual and
aggressive drives. Operates on the pleasure principle, demandingimmediate gratification.: Id
40. neo-Freudian, humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theoryshows how
people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by apsychological crisis that
involves confronting "Who am I?": Erik Erikson
41. the largely conscious, "executive" part of the personality, mediates amongthe demands of
the id, superego, and reality. Ego operates on the reality prin-ciple, satisfying the id's desires in
ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.: ego
42. the idea that in many situations there is not necessarily one right or wronganswer (gray
area): relativistic thinking
43. the model stresses interpersonal development, it is billed as a constructive model of
development, meaning that individuals construct realist throughoutthe life span.: Kegan
44. Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor, 2. preopera- tional, 3.
concrete operational, and 4. formal operational.: Piaget
45. findings based on his own children: Piaget
46. the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite
changes in the forms of objects: conservation
47. in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from 7 to 11 years of age) during
which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete
events: concrete operational stage
48. stages unfold due to educational intervention: Lev Vygotsky's Theory
49. one can undo an action (a glass of water) can return to its initial shape: -
Reversibility
50. in Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another'spoint of view:
Egocentrism
51. 3 levels of moral development (preconventional, conventional, postcon-ventional):
Kohlberg
52. asks a participant to explain why he believes it is better to steal a drugto save a person's
life or to obey the law by not stealing the drug (assess person's moral development): Heinz
Dilemma
53. is to Kohlberg's theory as a typing test is to the level of typing skillmastered: Heinz
Dilemma
54. (Erikson) state of emotional turmoil that arises when an adolescent's sense of self
becomes 'unglued' to achieve a new, more mature sense of self;the stage also involves more
1. a desire to live up to society's expectations and a desire to conform: -
Kohlberg's second stage of moral development
2. has self-imposed morals & ethics: post conventional morality
3. difference between a child's performance without a teacher vs. what they are capable of
with a teacher (Vygotsky): zone of proximal development
4. could be classified as maturationists: Freud & Erikson
5. focuses on mindfulness, created by Linehan; useful for clients harboring feelings of self-
harm and suicide also works with substance abuse issues: -DBT (dialectical behavior therapy)
6. bonding and attachment: John Bowlby
7. generativity vs stagnation: Which Erikson stage does the midlife crisis occur?
8. experiment on rhesus monkeys, showing the importance of bodily contact;"contact
comfort": Harry Harlow
9. true according to research by Maccoby and Jacklin (sex-role differencesmay come from
child-rearing patterns than biology). They were only better in highschool and college: Males
are better than females when performing mathcalculations is
10. Erikson's 6th stage in which individuals form deeply personal relation-ships, marry, begin
families: intimacy vs. isolation
11. the baby monkey was more likely to cling to a terry-cloth surrogate motherthan a wire
surrogate mother (contact comfort is important in infant's devel- opment): In Harry Harlow's
experiments with baby monkeys
12. oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage, genital stage: Freud'sPsychosexual
Stages
13. Males commit suicide more often than females.: In adolescence
14. suicide rates tend to increase with age.: In the general US population
15. is greatest during middle age.: The fear of death
16. which evolves primarily during the oral stage: In Freudian theory, attachmentis a major
factor
17. girls grow up to smile more, girls are using more feeling words by age2, girls are better
able to read ppl without verbal cues at any age.: When comparing girls to boys
18. latency (social interests replace sexual interests): The Freudian develop-mental stage
which "least" emphasizes sexuality is
19. boys are punished more than girls: In terms of parenting young children
20. Heredity vs. Environment: Nature vs. Nurture
,21. qualitative changes between stages occur: Stage theorists assume
22. is a continuous process which begins at conception: development
23. head to foot (head of the fetus develops earlier than the legs: Developmentis
cephalocaudal
24. assumes a normal person has 23 pairs of chromosomes, that heredity characteristics are
transmitted by chromosomes, assumes genes composedof DNA hold a genetic code: Heredity
is the transmission of traits from parents tooffspring and
25. abstract thinking emerges, problems can be solved using deduction: Pi-aget's final stage,
formal operational stage. In this stage
26. 6;3 (Preconventional: punishment/obedience orientation & naive hedo- nism;
Conventional: good girl/good boy & authority, law and order; Postcon- ventional: social
contract & morality of self-accepted principles): Kohlberg lists
stages of moral development which fall into levels.
27. has reached Kohlberg's highest stage of moral development and is in the postconventional
level of self-accepted moral principals.: Person who lives by her conscience and universal
ethical principles
28. is the stage in which fantasies of sexual relations with the opposite-sexparent occur;
occurs during phallic stage: Freud's Oedipus Complex
29. Electra complex: In girls the Oedipus complex may be referred to as
30. The "visual cliff" experiment. Showed that depth perception cues areinnate.: Eleanor
Gibson
31. Empiricists: Theorists who believe that development merely consists of quan-titative
changes are referred to as
32. behavioristic: A empiricist view of development
33. Ran over and clung to cloth and wire surrogate mothers. Contact was more important
than milk and monkeys preferred terry-cloth mothers over wire mothers even when they both
dispensed milk: Harlow: Frightened monkeys
34. motivation to reduce discomfort (dissonance) caused by inconsistency inattitude and
behavior: cognitive dissonance
35. the greater the number of bystanders who witness an emergency, the lesslikely any one
of them is to help: bystander effect
36. the belief that social interactions are more important than sexual drives inpersonality
development (ex. Erikson's Eight Stages): psycho-social theory
37. Any theory of behavior that emphasizes internal conflicts, motives, andunconscious
forces: psychodynamic theory
, 38. believe in man's powers of reasoning to control behavior: ego psychologists
39. a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, strives to satisfy basic sexual and
aggressive drives. Operates on the pleasure principle, demandingimmediate gratification.: Id
40. neo-Freudian, humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theoryshows how
people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by apsychological crisis that
involves confronting "Who am I?": Erik Erikson
41. the largely conscious, "executive" part of the personality, mediates amongthe demands of
the id, superego, and reality. Ego operates on the reality prin-ciple, satisfying the id's desires in
ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.: ego
42. the idea that in many situations there is not necessarily one right or wronganswer (gray
area): relativistic thinking
43. the model stresses interpersonal development, it is billed as a constructive model of
development, meaning that individuals construct realist throughoutthe life span.: Kegan
44. Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor, 2. preopera- tional, 3.
concrete operational, and 4. formal operational.: Piaget
45. findings based on his own children: Piaget
46. the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite
changes in the forms of objects: conservation
47. in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from 7 to 11 years of age) during
which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete
events: concrete operational stage
48. stages unfold due to educational intervention: Lev Vygotsky's Theory
49. one can undo an action (a glass of water) can return to its initial shape: -
Reversibility
50. in Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another'spoint of view:
Egocentrism
51. 3 levels of moral development (preconventional, conventional, postcon-ventional):
Kohlberg
52. asks a participant to explain why he believes it is better to steal a drugto save a person's
life or to obey the law by not stealing the drug (assess person's moral development): Heinz
Dilemma
53. is to Kohlberg's theory as a typing test is to the level of typing skillmastered: Heinz
Dilemma
54. (Erikson) state of emotional turmoil that arises when an adolescent's sense of self
becomes 'unglued' to achieve a new, more mature sense of self;the stage also involves more
