14 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol Exam Questions And Answers

Who was Henri Fayol ? - ANS Father of the general principle of management, Henry Fayol was a French industrialist. 1. Division of Work - ANS dividing the work into trained specialist as per qualification and exireinece, makes task simpler and repetetive performance heps in accuracy and specialisaiton Authority and Responsibility - ANS According to this principle, there should be a proper balance between authority and responsibility. Authority is the duty, which a subordinate is expected to perform. Authority without responsibility leads to irresponsible behavior, while responsibility without authority will make a person ineffective. 3. Discipline - ANS Discipline refers to obedience to the rules and regulations of the organization. requires good supervision at all levels of management 4. Unity of Command - ANS each subordinate should receive orders and be accountable to only the superior. No person can serve several masters at the same time. 5. Unity of Direction - ANS It implies that there should be one head and one plan for group of activities having the same objectives. for effective coordination Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest - ANS the interest of the organization as a whole must prevail over the interest of the individual. interest of the organization that should be placed above the interest of employees Remuneration of Employees - ANS remuneration should be fair and satisfactory to both employees and the organization, leads to harmonious relations in the organization. based on government rules related to wages, financial position of the organization, nature of work, and cost of living. Centralization and Decentralization - ANS According to this principle, there should be a proper balance between centralization and decentralization. The degree of centralization and decentralization depends on various factors, such as experience of the employees, ability of subordinates, size of the organization, etc. Scalar Chain - ANS According to this principle, there is a scalar chain of authority and communication that moves in a straight line from the superior to the lowest subordinate. Henri Fayol permitted a shortcut of chain in case of urgency known as gang plank. Gang plank allows direct communication between two employees of the same level. Order - ANS there should be a proper place for everything and everyone. Henri Fayol emphasized on two types of order: material order and social order. In material order, there must be a plan for everything. It ensures fix a place for various material tools. Whereas in social order, there must be an appointed place for every employee, Equity - ANS there should not be any discrimination amongst employees based on religion, caste, language, or nationality. Equity ensures coordinated relations between superiors and subordinates. Stability of Personnel - ANS there should be proper effort to achieve stability and continuity of employment. Fayol said that employees should be kept in their position for a reasonable time to show result stability creates a sense of belonging, Initiative - ANS workers should encourage and should be given an opportunity to take initiative in making and executing the plan. Henri Fayol suggested that employees at all levels should be encouraged to take initiative in work. Esprit De Corps - ANS management should take reasonable steps to develop a sense of belongingness and a feeling of team spirit amongst employees. In order to achieve the best possible result, individual and group efforts need to be integrated.