ASA INSTRUMENT TEST PREP CHAPTER 3 - FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

ASA INSTRUMENT TEST PREP CHAPTER 3 - FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS "Under what condition is pressure altitude and density altitude the same value? - CORRECT ANSWER At standard temperature" "Under which condition will pressure altitude be equal to true altitude? - CORRECT ANSWER When standard atmospheric conditions exist" "Which condition would cause the altimeter to indicate a lower altitude than actually flown (true altitude)? - CORRECT ANSWER Air temperature warmer than standard" "Under what condition will true altitude be lower than indicated altitude with an altimeter setting of 29.92" Hg? - CORRECT ANSWER In colder than standard air temperature" "Altimeter setting is the value to which the scale of the pressure altimeter is set so the altimeter indicates - CORRECT ANSWER true altitude at field elevation" "Below 18,000 feet, pressure altitude may be obtained by - CORRECT ANSWER setting the altimeter to 29.92" Hg" "One characteristic that a properly functioning gyro depends upon for operation is the - CORRECT ANSWER resistance to deflection of the spinning wheel or disc" "If a 180° steep turn is made to the right and the aircraft is rolled out to straight-and-level flight by visual references, the attitude indicator - CORRECT ANSWER may show a slight climb and turn" "As a rule of thumb, altitude corrections of less than 100 feet should be corrected by using - CORRECT ANSWER half bar width on the attitude indicator" "Which condition during taxi is an indication that an attitude indicator is unreliable? - CORRECT ANSWER The horizon bar tilts more than 5 degrees while making taxi turns" "What indication should be observed on a turn coordinator during a right turn while taxiing? - CORRECT ANSWER The miniature airplane will show a turn to the right and the ball moves to the left" "What does the miniature aircraft of the turn coordinator directly display? - CORRECT ANSWER Rate of roll and rate of turn" "What indications are displayed by the miniature aircraft of a turn coordinator? - CORRECT ANSWER Rate of roll and rate of turn" "What indication is presented by the miniature aircraft of the turn coordinator? - CORRECT ANSWER Indirect indication of the bank attitude" "(Refer to Figure 144.) Which illustration indicates a coordinated turn? - CORRECT ANSWER 3" "(Refer to Figure 144.) Which illustration indicates a skidding turn - CORRECT ANSWER 1" "(Refer to Figure 144.) What changes in control displacement should be made so that "1" would result in a coordinated standard rate turn? - CORRECT ANSWER Increase right rudder and increase rate of turn" "(Refer to Figure 144.) Which illustrates indications of a slipping turn? - CORRECT ANSWER 2" "What pretakeoff check should be made of a vacuum-driven heading indicator in preparation for an IFR flight? - CORRECT ANSWER After 5 minutes, set the indicator to the magnetic heading of the aircraft and check for proper alignment after taxi turns" "On taxi check, the magnetic compass should - CORRECT ANSWER swing freely and indicate known headings." "The primary flight display (PFD) receives attitude and heading data from the - CORRECT ANSWER AHRS" "Each person operating an aircraft equipped with ADS-B Out must operate this equipment - CORRECT ANSWER in transmit mode at all times" "If both the ram air input and drain hole of the pitot system become blocked, what airspeed indication can be expected? - CORRECT ANSWER Increase of indicated airspeed during a climb" "If both the ram air input and the drain hole of the pitot system are blocked, what reaction should you observe on the airspeed indicator when power is applied and a climb is initiated out of severe icing conditions? - CORRECT ANSWER No change until an actual climb rate is established, then indicated airspeed will increase" "What indication should a pilot observe if an airspeed indicator ram air input and drain hole are blocked - CORRECT ANSWER The airspeed indicator will react as an altimeter" "If the pitot tube ram air pressure hole and drain hole become obstructed, the airspeed indicator will operate - CORRECT ANSWER like an altimeter as the aircraft climbs and descends" "What would be the indication on the VSI during entry into a 500 fpm actual descent from level flight if the static ports were iced over? - CORRECT ANSWER The VSI pointer would remain at zero regardless of the actual rate of descent" "If, while in level flight, it becomes necessary to use an alternate source of static pressure vented inside the airplane, which of the following should the pilot expect? - CORRECT ANSWER The vertical speed to momentarily show a climb" "During flight, if the pitot tube becomes clogged with ice, which of the following instruments would be affected? - CORRECT ANSWER The airspeed indicator only" "If you need to use an alternate static source during level flight, you can expect to see - CORRECT ANSWER A higher indication on the altimeter" "(Refer to Figure 146.) Identify the system that has failed and determine a corrective action to return the airplane to straight-and-level flight - CORRECT ANSWER Static/pitot system is blocked; lower the nose and level wings to level-flight attitude by attitude indicator" "(Refer to Figure 150.) What is the flight attitude? One instrument has malfunctioned - CORRECT ANSWER Climbing turn to the right" "(Refer to Figure 148.) What is the flight attitude? One system which transmits information to the instruments has malfunctioned - CORRECT ANSWER Climbing turn to right" "(Refer to Figure 149.) What is the flight attitude? One system which transmits information to the instruments has malfunctioned - CORRECT ANSWER Straight-and-level flight" "What is the correct sequence in which to use the three skills used in instrument flying? - CORRECT ANSWER Cross-check, instrument interpretation, and aircraft control" "What are three fundamental skills involved in attitude instrument flying? - CORRECT ANSWER Cross-check, instrument interpretation, and aircraft control" "What is the first fundamental dill in attitude instrument flying? - CORRECT ANSWER Instrument cross-check" "What effect will a change in wind direction have upon maintaining a 3 degree glide slope at a constant true airspeed? - CORRECT ANSWER When ground speed increases, rate of descent must increase" "The rate of descent required to stay on the ILS glideslope - CORRECT ANSWER must be decreased if the ground speed is decreased" "To remain on the ILS glidepath, the rate of descent must be - CORRECT ANSWER increased if the ground speed is increased" "The rate of descent on the glide slope is dependent upon - CORRECT ANSWER ground speed" "The glide slope and localizer are centered, but the airspeed is too fast. Which should be adjusted initially? - CORRECT ANSWER Power only" "During a precision radar or ILS approach, the rate of descent required to remain on the glide slope will - CORRECT ANSWER increase as the ground speed increases" "What is the third fundamental skill in attitude instrument flying? - CORRECT ANSWER Aircraft control" "In addition to the attitude indicator, the pitch control instruments are the - CORRECT ANSWER altimeter, airspeed indicator, and VSI" "Which instruments should be used to make a pitch correction when you have deviated from your assigned altitude? - CORRECT ANSWER Attitude indicator, altimeter, and VSI" "Conditions that determine the pitch attitude required to maintain level flight are - CORRECT ANSWER airspeed, air density, wing design, and angle of attack" "Approximately what percent of the indicated vertical speed should be used to determine the number of feet to lead the level-off from a climb to a specific altitude? - CORRECT ANSWER 10 percent" "To level off from a descent to a specific altitude, the pilot should lead the level-off by approximately - CORRECT ANSWER 10 percent of the vertical speed" "For maintaining level flight at constant thrust, which instrument would be the least appropriate for determining the need for a pitch change? - CORRECT ANSWER Attitude indicator" "To enter a constant-airspeed descent from level cruising flight and maintain cruising airspeed, the pilot should - CORRECT ANSWER simultaneously reduce power and adjust the pitch using the attitude indicator as a reference to maintain the cruising airspeed" "To level off at an airspeed higher than the descent speed, the addition of power should be made, assuming a 500 fpm rate of descent, at approximately - CORRECT ANSWER 100 to 150 feet above the desired altitude" "To level off from a descent maintaining the descending airspeed, the pilot should lead the desired altitude by approximately - CORRECT ANSWER 50 feet" "While recovering from an unusual flight attitude without the aid of the attitude indicator, approximate level pitch attitude is reached when the - CORRECT ANSWER airspeed and altimeter stop their movement and the VSI reverses its trend" "During recoveries from unusual attitudes, level flight is attained the instant - CORRECT ANSWER the altimeter and airspeed needles stop prior to reversing their direction of movement" "(Refer to Figure 145.) What is the correct sequence for recovery from the unusual attitude indicated? - CORRECT ANSWER Reduce power, level the wings, bring pitch attitude to level flight" "(Refer to Figure 147.) Which is the correct sequence for recovery from the unusual attitude indicated? - CORRECT ANSWER Add power, lower nose, level wings, return to original attitude and heading" "You enter an unusual attitude after failure of your attitude indicator. To recover, which instruments do you consult for the best pitch information? - CORRECT ANSWER Airspeed, VSI, and altimeter" "Which is the correct sequence for recovering from a spiraling, nose-low, increasing airspeed, unusual flight attitude? - CORRECT ANSWER Reduce power, correct the bank attitude, and raise the nose to a level attitude" "When a pilot believes advanced avionics enable operations closer to personal or environmental limits, - CORRECT ANSWER Risk is increased" "Automation in aircraft has proven - CORRECT ANSWER to present new hazards in its limitations" "An aircraft which is equipped with an Electronic Flight Display (EFD) can - CORRECT ANSWER offer new capabilities and simplify the basic flying task" "The lighter workloads associated with glass (digital) flight instrumentation - CORRECT ANSWER may lead to complacency by the flightcrew" "The advancement of avionics in light general aviation airplanes has enhanced situational awareness for properly trained pilots. However, there is concern that this technology could lead to - CORRECT ANSWER complacency" “When CAS be used to maintain the filed TAS of 155 knots at 8,000 feet MSL if the outside air is -5 Degrees C? - CORRECT ANSWER 139 KCAS" "What CAS must be used to maintain the filed TAS of 180 knots at the flight planned altitude of 8,000 feet MSL if the outside air temperature is +8°C? - CORRECT ANSWER 157 KCAS" "What CAS must be used to maintain the filed TAS of 156 knots at 11,000 feet MSL if the outside air temperature is +05 degrees C? - CORRECT ANSWER 129 KCAS" "What CAS must be used to maintain the filed TAS of 180 knots at the flight planned altitude of 12,000 feet MSL if the outside air temperature is +5°C? - CORRECT ANSWER 147 KCAS" "What CAS must be used to maintain the filed TAS of 158 knots at 8,000 feet MSL if the outside air temperature is 0 degrees C? - CORRECT ANSWER 140 KCAS" "What CAS must be used to maintain a filed TAS of 128 knots at 5,000 feet MSL if the outside air temperature is +5 degrees C? - CORRECT ANSWER 119 KCAS" "What CAS must be used to maintain a filed TAS of 160 knots at 11,000 feet MSL if the outside air temperature is +5 degrees C? - CORRECT ANSWER 133 KCAS" "How can you determine the pressure altitude on an airport without a tower or FSS? - CORRECT ANSWER Set the altimeter to 29.92' Hg and read the altitude indicated" "Which altitude is indicated when the altimeter is set to 29.92" Hg? - CORRECT ANSWER Pressure" "At an altitude of 6,500 feet MSL, the current altimeter setting is 30.42 "Hg. The pressure altitude would be approximately - CORRECT ANSWER 6,000 feet" "The pressure altitude at a given location is indicated on the altimeter after the altimeter is set to - CORRECT ANSWER 29.92" HG" "If the outside air temperature increases during a flight at constant power and at a constant indicated altitude, the true airspeed will - CORRECT ANSWER increase and true attitude will increase" "Altimeter setting is the value to which the barometric pressure scale of the altimeter is set so the altimeter indicates - CORRECT ANSWER true altitude at field elevation" "Pressure altitude is the altitude read on your altimeter when the instrument is adjusted to indicate height above - CORRECT ANSWER the standard datum plane" "When an altimeter is changed from 30.11" Hg to 29.96" Hg, in which direction will the indicated altitude change and by what value? - CORRECT ANSWER Altimeter will indicate 150 feet lower" "En route at FL290, the altimeter is set correctly, but not reset to the local altimeter setting of 30.57" Hg during descent. If the field elevation is 650 feet and the altimeter is functioning properly, what is the approximate indication upon landing? - CORRECT ANSWER Sea level" "En route at FL290, the altimeter is set correctly, but not reset to the local altimeter setting of 30.26" Hg during descent. If the field elevation is 134 feet and the altimeter is functioning properly, what is the approximate indication upon landing? - CORRECT ANSWER 206 feet below MSL" "Which of the following defines the type of altitude used when maintaining FL210? - CORRECT ANSWER Pressure" "What is the procedure for setting the altimeter when assigned an IFR altitude of 18,000 feet or higher on a direct flight off airways? - CORRECT ANSWER Set the altimeter to the current reported setting for climb-out and 29.92" Hg upon reaching 18,000 feet" "While you are flying at FL250, you hear ATC give an altimeter setting of 28.92" Hg in your area. At what pressure altitude are you flying? - CORRECT ANSWER 25,000 feet" "If you are departing from an airport where you cannot obtain an altimeter setting, you should set your altimeter - CORRECT ANSWER to the airport elevation" "How does a pilot normally obtain the current altimeter setting during an IFR flight in Class E airspace below 18,000 feet? - CORRECT ANSWER ATC periodically advises the pilot of the proper altimeter setting" "The local altimeter setting should be used by all pilots in a particular area, primarily to provide for - CORRECT ANSWER better vertical separation of aircraft" "How should you preflight check the altimeter prior to an IFR flight? - CORRECT ANSWER Set the altimeter to the current altimeter setting. The indication should be within 75 feet of actual elevation for acceptable accuracy" "During taxi, the VSI indicates a 100 fpm descent. How does this indication effect your flight? - CORRECT ANSWER You may continue under IFR using the 100 fpm descent as the "zero" indication" "What pretakeoff check should be made of the attitude indicator in preparation for an IFR flight? - CORRECT ANSWER The horizon bar should erect and become stable within 5 minutes" "During normal operation of a vacuum-driven attitude indicator, what attitude indication should you see when rolling out from a 180° skidding turn to straight-and-level coordinated flight? - CORRECT ANSWER The miniature aircraft shows a turn in the direction opposite the skid" "During normal coordinated turns, what error due to precession should you observe when rolling out to straight-and-level flight from a 180° steep turn to the right? - CORRECT ANSWER The miniature aircraft would show a slight turn indication to the left" "Errors in both pitch and bank indication on an attitude indicator are usually at a maximum as the aircraft rolls out of a - CORRECT ANSWER 180 degree turn" "When the aircraft accelerates, the attitude indicator may precess and incorrectly indicate a - CORRECT ANSWER climb" "When an aircraft is decelerated, some attitude indicators will precess and incorrectly indicate - CORRECT ANSWER descent" "While cruising at 160 knots, you wish to establish a climb at 130 knots. When entering the climb (full panel), it is proper to make the initial pitch change by increasing back elevator pressure until the - CORRECT ANSWER attitude indicator shows the approximate pitch attitude appropriate for the 130-knot climb" "While cruising at 190 knots, you wish to establish a climb at 160 knots. When entering the climb (full panel), it would be a proper to make the initial pitch change by increasing back elevator pressure until the - CORRECT ANSWER attitude indicator shows the approximate pitch attitude appropriate for the 160-knot climb" "Prior to starting an engine, you should check the turn-and-slip indicator to determine if the - CORRECT ANSWER needle is approximately centered and the tube is full of fluid" "What indication should be observed on a turn coordinator during a left turn while taxiing? - CORRECT ANSWER The miniature aircraft will show a turn to the left and the ball moves to the right" "What indications should you observe on the turn-and-slip indicator during taxi? - CORRECT ANSWER The ball moves freely opposite the turn, and the needle deflects in the direction of the turn" "Which instrument indicates the quality of a turn? - CORRECT ANSWER Ball of the turn coordinator" "What forces causes an airplane to turn? - CORRECT ANSWER Horizontal lift component" "The rate of turn at any airspeed is dependent upon - CORRECT ANSWER The horizontal component of lift." "When airspeed is decreased in a turn, what must be done to maintain level flight? - CORRECT ANSWER Decrease the angle of bank and/or increase the angle of attack" "During a skidding turn to the right, what is the relationship between the component of lift, centrifugal force, and load factor? - CORRECT ANSWER Centrifugal force is greater than horizontal lift and the load factor is increased" "What is the relationship between the centrifugal force and the horizontal lift component in a coordinated turn? - CORRECT ANSWER Horizontal lift and centrifugal force are equal" "When airspeed is increased in a turn, what must be done to maintain a constant altitude? - CORRECT ANSWER Increase the angle of bank and/or decrease the angle of attack" "If a half-standard rate turn is maintained, how long will it take to turn 360 degrees? - CORRECT ANSWER 4 minutes" "If a standard rate turn is maintained, how long would it take to turn 180°? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 minute" "If a half-standard rate turn is maintained, how much time would be required to turn clockwise from a heading of 090° to a heading of 180°? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 minute" "During a constant-bank level turn, what effect would an increase in airspeed have on the rate and radius of turn? - CORRECT ANSWER Rate of turn would decrease, and the radius of turn would increase" "If a standard rate turn is maintained, how much time would be required to turn to the right from a heading of 090 degrees to a heading of 270 degrees? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 minute" "If a standard rate turn is maintained, how much time would be required to turn to the left from a heading of 090° to a heading of 300°? - CORRECT ANSWER 50 seconds" "If a half-standard rate turn is maintained, how long would it take to turn 135°? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 minute 30 seconds" "Rate of turn can be increased and radius of turn decreased by - CORRECT ANSWER decreasing airspeed and increasing the bank" "The primary reason the angle of attack must be increased, to maintain a constant altitude during a coordinated turn, is because the - CORRECT ANSWER vertical component of lift has decreased as the result of the bank" "The displacement of a turn coordinator during a coordinated turn - CORRECT ANSWER increase as angle of bank increases" "(Refer to Figure 144.) What changes in control displacement should be made so that "2" would result in a coordinated standard rate turn? - CORRECT ANSWER Increase left rudder and increase rate of turn" "What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the left from a east heading in the Northern Hemisphere? - CORRECT ANSWER The compass will indicate the approximate correct magnetic heading if the roll into the turn is smooth" "What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the right from a easterly heading in the Northern Hemisphere? - CORRECT ANSWER The compass will indicate the approximate correct magnetic heading if the roll into the turn is smooth" "What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the right from a south heading in the Northern Hemisphere? - CORRECT ANSWER The compass will indicate a turn to the right, but at a faster rate than is actually occurring" "On what headings will the magnetic compass read most accurately during a level 360 degree turn, with a bank of approximately 15 degree? - CORRECT ANSWER 090 degrees and 270 degrees" "What causes the northerly turning error in a magnetic compass? - CORRECT ANSWER The magnetic dip characteristic" "What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the left from a south heading in the Northern Hemisphere? - CORRECT ANSWER The compass will indicate a turn to the left, but at a faster rate than is actually occurring" "What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the right from a westerly heading in the Northern Hemisphere? - CORRECT ANSWER The compass will indicate the approximate correct magnetic heading if the roll into the turn is smooth" "What should be the indication of the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the right from northerly heading in the Northern Hemisphere? - CORRECT ANSWER The compass will initially indicate a turn to the left" "What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the left from a west heading in the Northern Hemisphere? - CORRECT ANSWER The compass will indicate the approximate the correct magnetic heading if the roll into the turn is smooth" "What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the left from a north heading in the Northern Hemisphere? - CORRECT ANSWER The compass will initially indicate a turn to the right"