Neuro - Test Banks - Brunner & Suddarth-s Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e Chapter 65 – 70 with

Neuro - Test Banks - Brunner &
Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical
Nursing 14e Chapter 65 – 70 with correct
answers

1. |A |patient |is |brought |to |the |ER |following |a |motor |vehicle |accident |in |which |he |sustained |head |
trauma. |Preliminary |assessment |reveals |a |vision |deficit |in |the |patients |left |eye. |The |nurse |should |
associate |this

abnormal |finding |with |trauma |to |which |of |the |following |cerebral |lobes?

A) |Temporal

B) |Occipital

C) |Parietal

D) |Frontal |- |answersB

Feedback:

The |posterior |lobe |of |the |cerebral |hemisphere |is |responsible |for |visual |interpretation. |The |temporal |
lobe

contains |the |auditory |receptive |areas. |The |parietal |lobe |contains |the |primary |sensory |cortex, |and |is

essential |to |an |individuals |awareness |of |the |body |in |space, |as |well |as |orientation |in |space |and |spatial

relations. |The |frontal |lobe |functions |in |concentration, |abstract |thought, |information |storage |or |
memory, |and |motor |function.

2. |A |patient |scheduled |for |magnetic |resonance |imaging |(MRI) |has |arrived |at |the |radiology |
department. |The

nurse |who |prepares |the |patient |for |the |MRI |should |prioritize |which |of |the |following |actions?

A) |Withholding |stimulants |24 |to |48 |hours |prior |to |exam

B) |Removing |all |metal-containing |objects

C) |Instructing |the |patient |to |void |prior |to |the |MRI

D) |Initiating |an |IV |line |for |administration |of |contrast |- |answersB

Feedback:

Patient |preparation |for |an |MRI |consists |of |removing |all |metal-containing |objects |prior |to |the

,examination. |Withholding |stimulants |would |not |affect |an |MRI; |this |relates |to |an |
electroencephalography

(EEG). |Instructing |the |patient |to |void |is |patient |preparation |for |a |lumbar |puncture. |Initiating |an |IV |line

for |administration |of |contrast |would |be |done |if |the |patient |was |having |a |CT |scan |with |contrast.

3. |A |gerontologic |nurse |planning |the |neurologic |assessment |of |an |older |adult |is |considering |normal, |
age |related |changes. |Of |what |phenomenon |should |the |nurse |be |aware?

A) |Hyperactive |deep |tendon |reflexes

B) |Reduction |in |cerebral |blood |flow

C) |Increased |cerebral |metabolism

D) |Hypersensitivity |to |painful |stimuli |- |answersB

Feedback:

Reduction |in |cerebral |blood |flow |(CBF) |is |a |change |that |occurs |in |the |normal |aging |process. |Deep

tendon |reflexes |can |be |decreased |or, |in |some |cases, |absent. |Cerebral |metabolism |decreases |as |the |
patient

advances |in |age. |Reaction |to |painful |stimuli |may |be |decreased |with |age. |Because |pain |is |an |important

warning |signal, |caution |must |be |used |when |hot |or |cold |packs |are |used.

4. |The |nurse |has |admitted |a |new |patient |to |the |unit. |One |of |the |patients |admitting |orders |is |for |an

adrenergic |medication. |The |nurse |knows |that |this |medication |will |have |what |effect |on |the |circulatory

system?

A) |Thin, |watery |saliva

B) |Increased |heart |rate

C) |Decreased |BP

D) |Constricted |bronchioles |- |answersB

Feedback:

The |term |adrenergic |refers |to |the |sympathetic |nervous |system. |Sympathetic |effects |include |an |
increased

rate |and |force |of |the |heartbeat. |Cholinergic |effects, |which |correspond |to |the |parasympathetic |
division |of

the |autonomic |nervous |system, |include |thin, |watery |saliva, |decreased |rate |and |force |of |heartbeat, |
and

decreased |BP.

,5. |A |nurse |is |assessing |reflexes |in |a |patient |with |hyperactive |reflexes. |When |the |patients |foot |is |
abruptly

dorsiflexed, |it |continues |to |beat |two |to |three |times |before |settling |into |a |resting |position. |How |would
|the



nurse |document |this |finding?

A) |Rigidity

B) |Flaccidity

C) |Clonus

D) |Ataxia |- |answersC

Feedback:

When |reflexes |are |very |hyperactive, |a |phenomenon |called |clonus |may |be |elicited. |If |the |foot |is |
abruptly

dorsiflexed, |it |may |continue |to |beat |two |to |three |times |before |it |settles |into |a |position |of |rest. |
Rigidity |is

an |increase |in |muscle |tone |at |rest |characterized |by |increased |resistance |to |passive |stretch. |Flaccidity |
is

lack |of |muscle |tone. |Ataxia |is |the |inability |to |coordinate |muscle |movements, |resulting |in |difficulty

walking, |talking, |and |performing |self-care |activities.

6. |The |nurse |is |doing |an |initial |assessment |on |a |patient |newly |admitted |to |the |unit |with |a |diagnosis |
of

cerebrovascular |accident |(CVA). |The |patient |has |difficulty |copying |a |figure |that |the |nurse |has |drawn |
and

is |diagnosed |with |visual-receptive |aphasia. |What |brain |region |is |primarily |involved |in |this |deficit?

A) |Temporal |lobe

B) |Parietal-occipital |area

C) |Inferior |posterior |frontal |areas

D) |Posterior |frontal |area |- |answersB

Feedback:

Difficulty |copying |a |figure |that |the |nurse |has |drawn |would |be |considered |visual-receptive |aphasia, |
which |involves |the |parietal-occipital |area. |Expressive |aphasia, |the |inability |to |express |oneself, |is |often

associated |with |damage |to |the |frontal |area. |Receptive |aphasia, |the |inability |to |understand |what |
someone

, else |is |saying, |is |often |associated |with |damage |to |the |temporal |lobe |area.

7. |What |term |is |used |to |describe |the |fibrous |connective |tissue |that |hugs |the |brain |closely |and |
extends |into

every |fold |of |the |brains |surface?

A) |Dura |mater

B) |Arachnoid

C) |Fascia

D) |Pia |mater |- |answersD

Feedback:

The |term |meninges |describes |the |fibrous |connective |tissue |that |covers |the |brain |and |spinal |cord. |The

meninges |have |three |layers, |the |dura |mater, |arachnoid, |and |pia |mater. |The |pia |mater |is |the |
innermost

membrane |that |hugs |the |brain |closely |and |extends |into |every |fold |of |the |brains |surface. |The |dura |
mater,

the |outermost |layer, |covers |the |brain |and |spinal |cord. |The |arachnoid, |the |middle |membrane, |is

responsible |for |the |production |of |cerebrospinal |fluid.

8. |The |nurse |is |caring |for |a |patient |with |an |upper |motor |neuron |lesion. |What |clinical |manifestations |
should

the |nurse |anticipate |when |planning |the |patients |neurologic |assessment?

A) |Decreased |muscle |tone

B) |Flaccid |paralysis

C) |Loss |of |voluntary |control |of |movement

D) |Slow |reflexes |- |answersC

Feedback:

Upper |motor |neuron |lesions |do |not |cause |muscle |atrophy, |flaccid |paralysis, |or |slow |reflexes. |
However, |upper |motor |neuron |lesions |normally |cause |loss |of |voluntary |control.

9. |The |nurse |is |admitting |a |patient |to |the |unit |who |is |diagnosed |with |a |lower |motor |neuron |lesion. |
What

entry |in |the |patients |electronic |record |is |most |consistent |with |this |diagnosis?

A) |Patient |exhibits |increased |muscle |tone.

B) |Patient |demonstrates |normal |muscle |structure |with |no |evidence |of |atrophy.