Test Bank for Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology, Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 2nd Edition Capriotti(UPDATED!!)

,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
b b b b b b b




Multiple Choice
b


Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
b b b b b b b b b b b




1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
b b b b b b b


1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
b b b b b b b b b b b b


2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
b b b b b b b b b b b


3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
b b b b b b b b b b


compartment.
b


4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
b b b b b b b b b b b b


potassium ions. b




2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created in
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


the presence of oxygen?
b b b b


1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid b b b


2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle b b b b b


3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A b b b


4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid b b b b b




3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
b b b b b b b b b b


1. 2 b b


2. 3 b b


3. 34 b b


4. 53 b b




4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
b b b b b b b b b b b b


1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids b


4. Deoxyribonucleic acids b




5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein. b b b b b b b b


2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
b b b b b b b b b b b b


3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
b b b b b b b b b b b


4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
b b b b b b b b




6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
b b b b b


1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress b b b


2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
b b b b b b


3. During a severe hypoxic state b b b b


4. During the processing of prohormone b b b b




7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments


Copyright © 2020 F. A. Davis Company b b b b b b

, 3. Secretory vesicles b


4. Endoplasmic reticula b




8. b bWhich are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
b b b b b b b b b b b b


1. Actin and myosin b b


2. Prohormone and tubulin b b


3. Tubulin and actin b b


4. Myosin and prohormone b b




9. Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease?
b b b b b b


1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes b




b 10. Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
b b b b b b


1. Accumulation of ganglioside b b


2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis b b b b


3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity b b b b


4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system b b b b b b b b




b 11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
b b b b b b b b b


1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
b b b b b b


2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
b b b b b b b b b b


3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
b b b b b b b b b b


4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
b b b b b b b b




b 12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


b be involved?
b


1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
b b b b b b b b b


2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus
b b b b b b b b


3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules
b b b b b b b


4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum b b b b b




b 13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular
b b b b b b b b b b b


bcomponent is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically
b b b b b b b b b b b b b


btransferred?
1. Transfer RNA b


2. Ribosomal RNA b


3. Double helix of DNA b b b


4. Mitochondrial DNA b




b 14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long,
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


b steep climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
b b b b b b b b


1. Cellular hypoxia b


2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema b




Copyright © 2020 F. A. Davis Company
b b b b b b

, b 15. b Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
b b b b b b b b b b


1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases
b b b b


2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
b b b b


3. The presence of nucleotides
b b b


4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
b b b b b




b 16. b How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
b b b b b b b b


1. 2 b b


2. 3 b b


3. 4 b b


4. 5 b b




b 17. b Which components form the structure of DNA?
b b b b b b


1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids b


3. Fatty acids b


4. Phosphates
b 18. b b Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
b b b b b b b b b b


1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell b b b b


2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA
b b b b b b b


3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
b b b b b b b


4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell
b b b b b b b b b




b 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is
b b b b b b b b b b b b b


b the mechanism of action of the drug?
b b b b b b


1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
b b b b b


2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
b b b b b b


3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
b b b b b b b


4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
b b b b b b




b 20. b b Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
b b b b b b b b b b b


1. In the ribosomes
b b


2. In the Golgi apparatus
b b b


3. In the secretory granules
b b b


4. In the endoplasmic reticulum
b b b




b 21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”?
b b b b b b


1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus b


4. Endoplasmic reticulum b




Multiple Response
b


Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




b 22. b b Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
b b b b b b b b b b




Copyright © 2020 F. A. Davis Company b b b b b b