Estimating Final Exam Study Guide: Complete Q&A with Verified Solutions-2025/2026

What type of information about the excavation can the estimator learn from the specifications? - ️️The type of equipment selected from the type of work to be done. Specifications and certain codes of excavation are required for the estimator about the excavation. Type of information learn from the specifications as follows: Scope of work Aim of the excavation On site clearance work like removal of trees, removal of topsoil, etc., Requirement of excavation equipment like Dozers, trucks, tractors, etc. How does the type of soil to be excavated affect the estimate? - ️️The type of soil affects the estimation as follows: If the site contains hard soil, the equipment selected should be of high power. The climatic changes affect the site condition in terms of the geology and the topography. Hence, while selecting the equipment the soil should be tested personally with a long-handled shovel or a post hole digger. Some soils exhibit more shrinkage and swell percentage than other soils. Suppose if a soil exhibits a higher swell percentage, then more equipment is needed to transfer the soil from one place to another place, and if a soil exhibits higher shrinkage percentage, then it requires more soil to fill a volume of area. What is the unit of measure in excavation? - ️️The measurement of excavation should be done in cubic yards, cubic meters, cubic feet or in other words it should be measured in the form of volume.