WGU D236 Pathophysiology with
verified answers graded A+
What is accomplished by diffusion?
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
What causes osmotic diarrhea?
Non-absorbable substances in the intestine drawing water into the bowel
What is BNP?
B-type natriuretic peptide, a marker used to diagnose heart failure.
What is pleural effusion?
An accumulation of fluid in the pleural space around the lungs.
If a patient's ABG shows pH at 7.29, bicarb= 25, and PaCO2 of 55, what diagnosis is consistent
with these lab values?
Respiratory acidosis.
,What causes respiratory acidosis?
Decreased ventilation causes the lungs to retain carbon dioxide, which lowers the pH in the
blood. This can be caused by COPD, foreign body obstruction, and severe asthma.
How does the respiratory system compensate for acid-base disturbances?
By changing the rate and depth of breathing. Increased breathing rate expels CO2 to reduce
acidity (compensates for metabolic acidosis), while decreased breathing rate retains CO2 to
reduce acidity (compensates for metabolic alkalosis).
Name one symptom of acidosis
Rapid breathing
What term describes a gene when the same allele is inherited from both parents?
Homozygous
Describe the ICF (intercellular fluid) compartment.
The ICF compartment is the fluid contained within the cells, making up for about 2/3 of the
body's total water content.
What two conditions will cause dehydration and increase water requirements?
Severe diarrhea and excessive sweating.
, What are phagocytic cells? Give two examples.
cells that engulf, ingest, and destroy foreign bodies or toxins; examples include macrophages
and neutrophils.
What is Turner's syndrome? List some signs and symptoms.
Turner's syndrome is defined as a complete or partial lack of an X-chromosome in females. S/S
include: hypothyroidism, HTN, neck webbing, amenorrhea, short stature, infertility, vision
issues, aortic valve issues.
What are two symptoms of Huntington's disease?
Lack of control in movement, cognitive decline, depressions, muscle spasticity,
speech/swallowing difficulty
What three issues would children with ND-PAE exhibit?
Cognitive defects, behavioral problems, and physical abnormalities.
What defines a grade 1 sprain?
Mild stretching or slight tear of a ligament with little or no join instability.
What are signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis?
Morning stiffness, swelling, limited ROM, and symmetrical joint pain in the hips after physical
exertion or during cold weather. Herberden's and Bouchards nodes noted on fingers.
verified answers graded A+
What is accomplished by diffusion?
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
What causes osmotic diarrhea?
Non-absorbable substances in the intestine drawing water into the bowel
What is BNP?
B-type natriuretic peptide, a marker used to diagnose heart failure.
What is pleural effusion?
An accumulation of fluid in the pleural space around the lungs.
If a patient's ABG shows pH at 7.29, bicarb= 25, and PaCO2 of 55, what diagnosis is consistent
with these lab values?
Respiratory acidosis.
,What causes respiratory acidosis?
Decreased ventilation causes the lungs to retain carbon dioxide, which lowers the pH in the
blood. This can be caused by COPD, foreign body obstruction, and severe asthma.
How does the respiratory system compensate for acid-base disturbances?
By changing the rate and depth of breathing. Increased breathing rate expels CO2 to reduce
acidity (compensates for metabolic acidosis), while decreased breathing rate retains CO2 to
reduce acidity (compensates for metabolic alkalosis).
Name one symptom of acidosis
Rapid breathing
What term describes a gene when the same allele is inherited from both parents?
Homozygous
Describe the ICF (intercellular fluid) compartment.
The ICF compartment is the fluid contained within the cells, making up for about 2/3 of the
body's total water content.
What two conditions will cause dehydration and increase water requirements?
Severe diarrhea and excessive sweating.
, What are phagocytic cells? Give two examples.
cells that engulf, ingest, and destroy foreign bodies or toxins; examples include macrophages
and neutrophils.
What is Turner's syndrome? List some signs and symptoms.
Turner's syndrome is defined as a complete or partial lack of an X-chromosome in females. S/S
include: hypothyroidism, HTN, neck webbing, amenorrhea, short stature, infertility, vision
issues, aortic valve issues.
What are two symptoms of Huntington's disease?
Lack of control in movement, cognitive decline, depressions, muscle spasticity,
speech/swallowing difficulty
What three issues would children with ND-PAE exhibit?
Cognitive defects, behavioral problems, and physical abnormalities.
What defines a grade 1 sprain?
Mild stretching or slight tear of a ligament with little or no join instability.
What are signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis?
Morning stiffness, swelling, limited ROM, and symmetrical joint pain in the hips after physical
exertion or during cold weather. Herberden's and Bouchards nodes noted on fingers.
