1. Laproscopic instruments diameter and length ranges ANS >>> 2-10mm, 30-
45cm
2. hopkins rod lens ANS >>> light has to travel back through the rod to capture the
image.
3. decreasing light in the camera for... ANS >>> decreasing diameter,
increasing scope angle (ie 5mm and 30 degree has less light than 10mm 0
degree)
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 4. When is zero degree scope most useful ANS >>> when working in a small area
directly in line with the scope and ports, like the pelvis
5. how to check fiber optics light connection ANS >>> black dots= broken fibers
6. why does it fog up? ANS >>> temperature and humidity discrepancy between
the OR and body
7. tools for defogging ANS >>> FRED antifog (must dry before putting back in), put
laparo- scope in hot water
8. methods to clean a smudged lens ANS >>> gently wipe on clean tissue (liver,
uterus, bowel), remove scope and clean with hot water and gauze
9. Insufflation gas type and reasoning ANS >>> CO2- readily available,
inexpensive, non combustable, warmed and humidified better
10. high flow insufflation ANS >>> 10 or more L per minute
11. preventing loss of pneumo with suctioning ANS >>> keep suction tip below
the fluid level
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 12. most common light source ANS >>> 300W xenon lamp
13. Troubleshooting steps ANS >>> gas preOP ANS >>> 1. check that co2 tank is fu
2. check co2 tank gasket is secured
3. check that spare co2 tank is available in the OR
14. troubleshooting steps ANS >>> image ANS >>> 1. check that the monitor is
plugged in and turned on 2. check that all cables are connected securely
15. troubleshooting steps ANS >>> loss of working space ANS >>> insufflator
settings ANS >>> mea- sured pressure is the same or higher than the preset
pressure ANS >>> 1. the patient may not be adequately relaxed or there is a
mechanical block of gas flow
2. inspect abdomen for rhythmic muscle contraction and palpate the abdomen for
firmness
3. check port valves to make sure they are open
4. check for kinks in tubing and make sure no one is standing on them
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 16. troubleshooting steps ANS >>> loss of working space ANS >>>
insufflator settings ANS >>> low pressure and high flow rate ANS >>> 1.
there is a leak in the insufflation circuit
2. check that the tubing has not become disconnected from insufflator or port
3. check that all valves are closed
4. check all port sites for leaking co2
5. check for foley catheter bag distention or bowel distention
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
45cm
2. hopkins rod lens ANS >>> light has to travel back through the rod to capture the
image.
3. decreasing light in the camera for... ANS >>> decreasing diameter,
increasing scope angle (ie 5mm and 30 degree has less light than 10mm 0
degree)
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 4. When is zero degree scope most useful ANS >>> when working in a small area
directly in line with the scope and ports, like the pelvis
5. how to check fiber optics light connection ANS >>> black dots= broken fibers
6. why does it fog up? ANS >>> temperature and humidity discrepancy between
the OR and body
7. tools for defogging ANS >>> FRED antifog (must dry before putting back in), put
laparo- scope in hot water
8. methods to clean a smudged lens ANS >>> gently wipe on clean tissue (liver,
uterus, bowel), remove scope and clean with hot water and gauze
9. Insufflation gas type and reasoning ANS >>> CO2- readily available,
inexpensive, non combustable, warmed and humidified better
10. high flow insufflation ANS >>> 10 or more L per minute
11. preventing loss of pneumo with suctioning ANS >>> keep suction tip below
the fluid level
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 12. most common light source ANS >>> 300W xenon lamp
13. Troubleshooting steps ANS >>> gas preOP ANS >>> 1. check that co2 tank is fu
2. check co2 tank gasket is secured
3. check that spare co2 tank is available in the OR
14. troubleshooting steps ANS >>> image ANS >>> 1. check that the monitor is
plugged in and turned on 2. check that all cables are connected securely
15. troubleshooting steps ANS >>> loss of working space ANS >>> insufflator
settings ANS >>> mea- sured pressure is the same or higher than the preset
pressure ANS >>> 1. the patient may not be adequately relaxed or there is a
mechanical block of gas flow
2. inspect abdomen for rhythmic muscle contraction and palpate the abdomen for
firmness
3. check port valves to make sure they are open
4. check for kinks in tubing and make sure no one is standing on them
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
, 16. troubleshooting steps ANS >>> loss of working space ANS >>>
insufflator settings ANS >>> low pressure and high flow rate ANS >>> 1.
there is a leak in the insufflation circuit
2. check that the tubing has not become disconnected from insufflator or port
3. check that all valves are closed
4. check all port sites for leaking co2
5. check for foley catheter bag distention or bowel distention
mailto:https://www.stuvia.com/user/techgrades
