ANTH 311 - Final Review || QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT!!
3 General Groups of nonhuman Primates correct answers 1. Prosimians
2. Monkeys
3. Apes
Homologous Traits correct answers features that are inherited from a common ancestor
Analogous Traits correct answers Features that are produced because of environmental
constraints, not from a common ancestor
Primitive Traits correct answers a trait that has not changed from an ancestral state
Derived Traits correct answers Newly evolved features that do not appear in the fossils of
common ancestors
The Primate Pattern correct answers General tendencies expressed by all primates
Current focus of primate study correct answers Behavioural Ecology
Taxonomy order correct answers Order, Sub-order, infraorder, superfamily, family,
subfamily, genus, species
New World Primates correct answers Primates found in South America
Old World Primates correct answers Primates from in Africa and Asia
4 Groups of Primate Characteristics correct answers 1. Grasping Hands
2. Visual System
3. Large Complex Brains
4. Skeletal and Dental Features
Arboreal Theory correct answers Primate pattern represents an adaption to an arboreal habitat
Suborder of Primates correct answers 1. Prosimii
2. Anthropoidea
Infraorder of Prosimii correct answers 1. Lorisiformes
2. Tarisiformes
3. Lemuriformes
Infraorder of Anthropoidea correct answers 1. Platyrrhini (NWM)
2. Catarrhini (OWM, Apes, Humans)
Superfamily of Platyrrhini correct answers Ceboidea (NWM)
Superfamily of Catarrhini correct answers 1. Cercopithecoidea (OWM)
2. Hominoidea (Apes, Humans)
,Family of Ceboidea correct answers 1. Callitrichidae (Marmosets, Tamarins)
2. Atelidae (Howlers, Spider Monkeys, Muriquis)
3. Cebidae (Squirrel, Owl, Capuchin)
Family of Cercopithecoidea correct answers Cercopithecidae (OWM)
Family of Hominoidea correct answers 1. Hylobatidae (Gibbons, Siamangs)
2. Pongidae (Apes)
3. Hominidae (Humans)
Subfamily of Cercopithecidae correct answers 1. Cercopithcinae (baboons, macaques,
guenons)
2. Colobinae (Colobus species, langurs)
Genus of Pongidae correct answers 1. Pongo
2. Gorilla
3. Pan
Genus of Hominidae correct answers Homo
Prosimian Characteristics correct answers 1. Large Eyes
2. OWM
3. Mostly Nocturnal
4. Independently mobile ear
6. Immobile upper lip
7. Inexpressive face
Lemuriformes Characteristics correct answers - Madagascar
- Nocturnal and diurnal
- some of the smallest primates
Anthropoidea Characteristics correct answers 1. Diurnal
2. reduced sense of smell
Traits of NWMs correct answers - All have tails
- Some Prehensile tails
- Arboreal
- Smaller than OWM
Cercopithecoidea Characteristics: correct answers - Found in Old World
- Diurnal
- Single Births
- Bigger than NVM
- Sexually Dimorphic
Ischial callosities correct answers Thick calluses for sitting
Hominoidea Characteristics: correct answers - No tail
- Larger size and weight
, - Larger brain to body weight ratio
- Longer gestation and maturation
Orangutan Characteristics correct answers - Asian Great ape
- Solitary
- Arboreal
- Frugivore
- Quadrumanual locomotion
Gorilla Characteristics correct answers - African
- Folivore/Frugivore
- Prominent Saggital
- Nuchal crests
Chimpanzee Characteristics correct answers - African
- Makes tools
- Terrestrial & Arboreal
- Omnivores
Proximate level correct answers 1. What are the immediate mechanisms governing the
behavior?
2. What are the developmental influences on the behavior? (hormonal and social experiences
make certain partners attractive)
Ultimate Level correct answers 3. What is the adaptive function of the behavior? (sex =
adaptive solution to problem of reproducing)
4. What is the evolutionary history of the behavior? (sex has arisen from asexual ancestors
multiple times)
Evolution Definition: correct answers Change over time
Microevolution Definition: correct answers Change from generation to generation
Macroevolution Definition: correct answers Change over many generations, and the
appearance of new species
Adaptation Definition: correct answers Traits that suit organisms to their environment.
Improves survival and reproduction
Natural Selection acts on correct answers The individual
Adaptation and evolution operates on correct answers The population
Behavior shows a combination of: correct answers Genetics and environmental influences
Three basic life problems correct answers 1. Finding Food
2. Avoid being eaten
3. Dealing with others
5 Major issues in feeding correct answers 1. What do you need?
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT!!
3 General Groups of nonhuman Primates correct answers 1. Prosimians
2. Monkeys
3. Apes
Homologous Traits correct answers features that are inherited from a common ancestor
Analogous Traits correct answers Features that are produced because of environmental
constraints, not from a common ancestor
Primitive Traits correct answers a trait that has not changed from an ancestral state
Derived Traits correct answers Newly evolved features that do not appear in the fossils of
common ancestors
The Primate Pattern correct answers General tendencies expressed by all primates
Current focus of primate study correct answers Behavioural Ecology
Taxonomy order correct answers Order, Sub-order, infraorder, superfamily, family,
subfamily, genus, species
New World Primates correct answers Primates found in South America
Old World Primates correct answers Primates from in Africa and Asia
4 Groups of Primate Characteristics correct answers 1. Grasping Hands
2. Visual System
3. Large Complex Brains
4. Skeletal and Dental Features
Arboreal Theory correct answers Primate pattern represents an adaption to an arboreal habitat
Suborder of Primates correct answers 1. Prosimii
2. Anthropoidea
Infraorder of Prosimii correct answers 1. Lorisiformes
2. Tarisiformes
3. Lemuriformes
Infraorder of Anthropoidea correct answers 1. Platyrrhini (NWM)
2. Catarrhini (OWM, Apes, Humans)
Superfamily of Platyrrhini correct answers Ceboidea (NWM)
Superfamily of Catarrhini correct answers 1. Cercopithecoidea (OWM)
2. Hominoidea (Apes, Humans)
,Family of Ceboidea correct answers 1. Callitrichidae (Marmosets, Tamarins)
2. Atelidae (Howlers, Spider Monkeys, Muriquis)
3. Cebidae (Squirrel, Owl, Capuchin)
Family of Cercopithecoidea correct answers Cercopithecidae (OWM)
Family of Hominoidea correct answers 1. Hylobatidae (Gibbons, Siamangs)
2. Pongidae (Apes)
3. Hominidae (Humans)
Subfamily of Cercopithecidae correct answers 1. Cercopithcinae (baboons, macaques,
guenons)
2. Colobinae (Colobus species, langurs)
Genus of Pongidae correct answers 1. Pongo
2. Gorilla
3. Pan
Genus of Hominidae correct answers Homo
Prosimian Characteristics correct answers 1. Large Eyes
2. OWM
3. Mostly Nocturnal
4. Independently mobile ear
6. Immobile upper lip
7. Inexpressive face
Lemuriformes Characteristics correct answers - Madagascar
- Nocturnal and diurnal
- some of the smallest primates
Anthropoidea Characteristics correct answers 1. Diurnal
2. reduced sense of smell
Traits of NWMs correct answers - All have tails
- Some Prehensile tails
- Arboreal
- Smaller than OWM
Cercopithecoidea Characteristics: correct answers - Found in Old World
- Diurnal
- Single Births
- Bigger than NVM
- Sexually Dimorphic
Ischial callosities correct answers Thick calluses for sitting
Hominoidea Characteristics: correct answers - No tail
- Larger size and weight
, - Larger brain to body weight ratio
- Longer gestation and maturation
Orangutan Characteristics correct answers - Asian Great ape
- Solitary
- Arboreal
- Frugivore
- Quadrumanual locomotion
Gorilla Characteristics correct answers - African
- Folivore/Frugivore
- Prominent Saggital
- Nuchal crests
Chimpanzee Characteristics correct answers - African
- Makes tools
- Terrestrial & Arboreal
- Omnivores
Proximate level correct answers 1. What are the immediate mechanisms governing the
behavior?
2. What are the developmental influences on the behavior? (hormonal and social experiences
make certain partners attractive)
Ultimate Level correct answers 3. What is the adaptive function of the behavior? (sex =
adaptive solution to problem of reproducing)
4. What is the evolutionary history of the behavior? (sex has arisen from asexual ancestors
multiple times)
Evolution Definition: correct answers Change over time
Microevolution Definition: correct answers Change from generation to generation
Macroevolution Definition: correct answers Change over many generations, and the
appearance of new species
Adaptation Definition: correct answers Traits that suit organisms to their environment.
Improves survival and reproduction
Natural Selection acts on correct answers The individual
Adaptation and evolution operates on correct answers The population
Behavior shows a combination of: correct answers Genetics and environmental influences
Three basic life problems correct answers 1. Finding Food
2. Avoid being eaten
3. Dealing with others
5 Major issues in feeding correct answers 1. What do you need?
