Examl 1:l NUl 606/l NU606l (NEWl 2025/l
2026l Update)l Advancedl Pathophysiologyl
Review|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Regis
QUESTION
twol phasesl ofl scarl formation
Answer:
-emigrationl andl proliferationl ofl fibroblastsl intol thel sitel ofl injury
-depositionl ofl thel ECMl byl thesel cellsl
scarl tissue=l fibrisl connectivel tissue,l wherel cellsl can'tl dol mitosis
QUESTION
causesl ofl impairedl woundl healing
Answer:
-l malnutrition
-l impairedl bloodl flowl &l O2l delivery
-l impairedl inflammatoryl andl immunel responses
-l infection
-l woundl separation
-l foreignl bodies
-l agel effects
QUESTION
whatl happensl tol cellsl asl youl age?
Answer:
decreasedl dermall thickness,l declinel inl collagenl content,l lossl ofl elasticity
QUESTION
,Al clientl hasl experiencedl al myocardiall infarctionl withl accompanyingl necrosisl ofl cardiacl
muscle,l al permanentl tissue.l whatl arel thel ramificaitonsl ofl thel factl thatl cardiacl musclel
isl al permanentl tissue?
A.l cardiacl musclel willl remainl perpetuallyl inl thel G+l stagel ofl mitosis
B.l Regenerationl ofl thel patient'sl cardiacl musclel willl bel exceptionallyl slow
C.l Necroticl cellsl willl bel replacedl withl musclel cellsl thatl havel limitedl metabolism
D.l Cellsl willl notl proliferatel andl willl bel replacedl withl scarl tissue
Answer:
D
QUESTION
Al clientl hasl al wateryl fluidl leakl froml al sitel ofl inflammation.l Thel nursel wouldl
documentl thisl typel ofl exudatel as:
A.Serous
B.l Hemmorhagic
C.l Suppurative
D.l Fibrinous
Answer:
A
QUESTION
definel genes
Answer:
thel unitsl ofl heredityl thatl helpl determinel thel characteristicsl ofl anl organism
QUESTION
definel congentiall birthl defects
Answer:
abnormailitsl ofl al bodyl structure,l functionalityl orl metabolisml atl birth
QUESTION
Homozygousl vsl heterozygousl vsl polymorphism
Answer:
homozygous:l membersl ofl al genel pairl arel indentical
,heterozygous:l membersl ofl al genel pairl arel differnt
polymorphism:l genesl thatl havel morel thanl onel normall allelel (alternativel form),l e.g.l onel
thatl wouldl bel morel responsivel tol therapies
QUESTION
definel genotypel andl phenotype
Answer:
genotype:l geneticl makeupl ofl anl individuall
phenotype:l expressionl ofl genotypel asl traits
QUESTION
Genel locus
Answer:
locationl ofl al gene,l e.g.l chromosomel 21
QUESTION
definel chromosomes
Answer:
al threadlikel structurel ofl nucleicl acidsl andl proteinl foundl inl thel nucleusl ofl mostl livingl
cells,l carryingl geneticl informationl inl thel forml ofl genes
QUESTION
definel alleles
Answer:
memberl ofl al genel pair,l 1l interitedl froml moml andl 1l froml dad
QUESTION
definel sexl linkedl vsl autosomall chromosomes
Answer:
sexl linkedl onl 23rdl pair,l vsl autosomall onl alll otherl pairs
QUESTION
, causesl ofl birthl defects
Answer:
geneticl factors:l single-genel orl multifactoriall inheritencel orl chromosomall abberationsl (akal
tool short)
environementall factors:l akal duringl fetall development,l materiall disease,l infections,l orl
drugsl takenl duringl pregnancyl e.g.l thalidomidel
intrauterinel factors:l rare,l fetall crowding,l poisoning,l orl entanglementl ofl fetall partsl withl
thel amonion
QUESTION
whichl ofl thel followingl causesl ofl genel mutationsl isl leastl common?
a.l geneticl factors
b.l environementall factors
c.l intrauterinel factors
Answer:
C.
QUESTION
resultsl ofl singlel genel disorders
Answer:
-causedl byl singlel defectl onl mutantl gene,l mayl bel presentl onl autosomall orl xl linkedl
chromosome.l mayl affectl onel memberl orl bothl ofl anl autosomall genel pair
-followl mendelianl patternl ofl inheritence
causes:l formationl ofl abnormall proteinsl orl decreasedl productionl ofl al genel product,l
defectivel orl decreasedl amountsl ofl anl enzyme,l defectsl inl receptorl proteinsl andl theirl
function,l alterationsl inl nonenzymel proteins,l mutationsl involvingl unusuall reactionsl tol
drugs
QUESTION
autosomall dominant
Answer:
al singlel mutantl allelel froml anl affectedl parentl isl transmittedl tol anl offspringl regardlessl
ofl sex,l akal childl hasl 50%l chancel ofl gettingl disease
2026l Update)l Advancedl Pathophysiologyl
Review|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Regis
QUESTION
twol phasesl ofl scarl formation
Answer:
-emigrationl andl proliferationl ofl fibroblastsl intol thel sitel ofl injury
-depositionl ofl thel ECMl byl thesel cellsl
scarl tissue=l fibrisl connectivel tissue,l wherel cellsl can'tl dol mitosis
QUESTION
causesl ofl impairedl woundl healing
Answer:
-l malnutrition
-l impairedl bloodl flowl &l O2l delivery
-l impairedl inflammatoryl andl immunel responses
-l infection
-l woundl separation
-l foreignl bodies
-l agel effects
QUESTION
whatl happensl tol cellsl asl youl age?
Answer:
decreasedl dermall thickness,l declinel inl collagenl content,l lossl ofl elasticity
QUESTION
,Al clientl hasl experiencedl al myocardiall infarctionl withl accompanyingl necrosisl ofl cardiacl
muscle,l al permanentl tissue.l whatl arel thel ramificaitonsl ofl thel factl thatl cardiacl musclel
isl al permanentl tissue?
A.l cardiacl musclel willl remainl perpetuallyl inl thel G+l stagel ofl mitosis
B.l Regenerationl ofl thel patient'sl cardiacl musclel willl bel exceptionallyl slow
C.l Necroticl cellsl willl bel replacedl withl musclel cellsl thatl havel limitedl metabolism
D.l Cellsl willl notl proliferatel andl willl bel replacedl withl scarl tissue
Answer:
D
QUESTION
Al clientl hasl al wateryl fluidl leakl froml al sitel ofl inflammation.l Thel nursel wouldl
documentl thisl typel ofl exudatel as:
A.Serous
B.l Hemmorhagic
C.l Suppurative
D.l Fibrinous
Answer:
A
QUESTION
definel genes
Answer:
thel unitsl ofl heredityl thatl helpl determinel thel characteristicsl ofl anl organism
QUESTION
definel congentiall birthl defects
Answer:
abnormailitsl ofl al bodyl structure,l functionalityl orl metabolisml atl birth
QUESTION
Homozygousl vsl heterozygousl vsl polymorphism
Answer:
homozygous:l membersl ofl al genel pairl arel indentical
,heterozygous:l membersl ofl al genel pairl arel differnt
polymorphism:l genesl thatl havel morel thanl onel normall allelel (alternativel form),l e.g.l onel
thatl wouldl bel morel responsivel tol therapies
QUESTION
definel genotypel andl phenotype
Answer:
genotype:l geneticl makeupl ofl anl individuall
phenotype:l expressionl ofl genotypel asl traits
QUESTION
Genel locus
Answer:
locationl ofl al gene,l e.g.l chromosomel 21
QUESTION
definel chromosomes
Answer:
al threadlikel structurel ofl nucleicl acidsl andl proteinl foundl inl thel nucleusl ofl mostl livingl
cells,l carryingl geneticl informationl inl thel forml ofl genes
QUESTION
definel alleles
Answer:
memberl ofl al genel pair,l 1l interitedl froml moml andl 1l froml dad
QUESTION
definel sexl linkedl vsl autosomall chromosomes
Answer:
sexl linkedl onl 23rdl pair,l vsl autosomall onl alll otherl pairs
QUESTION
, causesl ofl birthl defects
Answer:
geneticl factors:l single-genel orl multifactoriall inheritencel orl chromosomall abberationsl (akal
tool short)
environementall factors:l akal duringl fetall development,l materiall disease,l infections,l orl
drugsl takenl duringl pregnancyl e.g.l thalidomidel
intrauterinel factors:l rare,l fetall crowding,l poisoning,l orl entanglementl ofl fetall partsl withl
thel amonion
QUESTION
whichl ofl thel followingl causesl ofl genel mutationsl isl leastl common?
a.l geneticl factors
b.l environementall factors
c.l intrauterinel factors
Answer:
C.
QUESTION
resultsl ofl singlel genel disorders
Answer:
-causedl byl singlel defectl onl mutantl gene,l mayl bel presentl onl autosomall orl xl linkedl
chromosome.l mayl affectl onel memberl orl bothl ofl anl autosomall genel pair
-followl mendelianl patternl ofl inheritence
causes:l formationl ofl abnormall proteinsl orl decreasedl productionl ofl al genel product,l
defectivel orl decreasedl amountsl ofl anl enzyme,l defectsl inl receptorl proteinsl andl theirl
function,l alterationsl inl nonenzymel proteins,l mutationsl involvingl unusuall reactionsl tol
drugs
QUESTION
autosomall dominant
Answer:
al singlel mutantl allelel froml anl affectedl parentl isl transmittedl tol anl offspringl regardlessl
ofl sex,l akal childl hasl 50%l chancel ofl gettingl disease
