IUPUI K356 EXAM 1 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Carl Woese - ....ANSWER ...-Classified organisms using their rRNA,
leading to the three domains of life: eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea.
Louis Pasteur - ....ANSWER ...-Disproved spontaneous generation using
Swan Neck Flasks. Developed pasteurization to prevent wine spoilage. Developed
chicken cholera, rabies and anthrax vaccines.
Edward Jenner - ....ANSWER ...-Used cowpox lesions to make a vaccine
against smallpox. This was the first vaccine.
Robert Koch - ....ANSWER ...-Developed Koch's Postulates:
1. Organism must be present in every case of the disease.
2. Organism must be isolated and grown in pure culture.
3. Same disease must develop when healthy host is inoculated with the isolated
organism.
4. Organism must be isolated from the now-diseased host.
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
, Ignaz Semmelweis - ....ANSWER ...-Had a problem with Childbed Fever.
Learned that doctors were spreading the disease because they did not wash their
hands after autopsies. Started making everyone wash their hands which caused
cases of childbed fever to drastically reduce.
Joseph Lister - ....ANSWER ...-Developed techniques for antiseptic surgery
like handwashing and sterilizing instruments.
Basic Dye - ....ANSWER ...-Simple stain. Sticks to negative charges.
Acidic Dye - ....ANSWER ...-Simple stain. Sticks to positive charges.
Gram Stain - ....ANSWER ...-Differential stain. Differentiates between
Gram+ and Gram- microorganisms. Developed by Christian Gram.
Eukaryotes - ....ANSWER ...-Have organelles, 80S ribosomes, linear
chromosomes, and a cytoskeleton
Prokaryotes - ....ANSWER ...-No organelles, 70S ribosomes. consists of
both bacteria and archaea.
Bacteria - ....ANSWER ...-no organelles, 70S ribosomes, peptidoglycan cell
wall, usually one circular chromosome with no histones.
Archaea - ....ANSWER ...-no organelles, 70S ribosomes, membrane can have
diglycerol tetraethers and no peptidoglycan, one circular chromosome.
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Carl Woese - ....ANSWER ...-Classified organisms using their rRNA,
leading to the three domains of life: eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea.
Louis Pasteur - ....ANSWER ...-Disproved spontaneous generation using
Swan Neck Flasks. Developed pasteurization to prevent wine spoilage. Developed
chicken cholera, rabies and anthrax vaccines.
Edward Jenner - ....ANSWER ...-Used cowpox lesions to make a vaccine
against smallpox. This was the first vaccine.
Robert Koch - ....ANSWER ...-Developed Koch's Postulates:
1. Organism must be present in every case of the disease.
2. Organism must be isolated and grown in pure culture.
3. Same disease must develop when healthy host is inoculated with the isolated
organism.
4. Organism must be isolated from the now-diseased host.
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
, Ignaz Semmelweis - ....ANSWER ...-Had a problem with Childbed Fever.
Learned that doctors were spreading the disease because they did not wash their
hands after autopsies. Started making everyone wash their hands which caused
cases of childbed fever to drastically reduce.
Joseph Lister - ....ANSWER ...-Developed techniques for antiseptic surgery
like handwashing and sterilizing instruments.
Basic Dye - ....ANSWER ...-Simple stain. Sticks to negative charges.
Acidic Dye - ....ANSWER ...-Simple stain. Sticks to positive charges.
Gram Stain - ....ANSWER ...-Differential stain. Differentiates between
Gram+ and Gram- microorganisms. Developed by Christian Gram.
Eukaryotes - ....ANSWER ...-Have organelles, 80S ribosomes, linear
chromosomes, and a cytoskeleton
Prokaryotes - ....ANSWER ...-No organelles, 70S ribosomes. consists of
both bacteria and archaea.
Bacteria - ....ANSWER ...-no organelles, 70S ribosomes, peptidoglycan cell
wall, usually one circular chromosome with no histones.
Archaea - ....ANSWER ...-no organelles, 70S ribosomes, membrane can have
diglycerol tetraethers and no peptidoglycan, one circular chromosome.
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
