NSG 320 Exam
Etiology of Autoimmune Disorders ANS: Genetic predisposition with environmental trigger (diet,
radiation, chemicals, infections)
Systemic autiommune disorders ANS: widespread inflammation: lupus, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid
arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome
Organ-specific autoimmune disorders ANS: type 1 DM, grave's disease, myasthenia gravis, pernicious
anemia, celiac disease, IBD,
patient teaching: autoimmune diseases ANS: disease exacerbation can occur despite efforts. encourage
patients to be realistic about what they can/can't control
diagnostics: autoimmune diseases ANS: antinuclear antibody test: postive test confirms autoantibodies;
rheumatoid factor;
inflammatory markers: ESR, C-reactive protein, ferritin
The loss of which normal property results in the immune system producing antibodies against its own
cells? ANS: self-tolerance
Select all that apply:
Which disorders are organ-specific autoimmune disorders? ANS: 1. Type 1 DM
2. Myasthenia gravis
3. Multiple sclerosis
4. Celiac disease
5. Lupus
6. Rheumatoid arthritis
,Answer:
1, 2, 3, 4,
Even though not yet informed about which disorder is present, the nurse can expect the newly admitted
patient to have which common clinical manifestations of autoimmune disorders? ANS: 1. complaints of
fatigue
2. tachycardia
3. exacerbations
4. local inflammation
5. aching muscles
6. lung crackles
Answer:
1, 3, 4, 5
**Practice Pearl ANS: Patients on immune suppressive therapies are at risk for infections; tell patients
to report signs of infection
Non-pharmacological therapy for autoimmune disease: ANS: plasmaphereis: blood is filtered
apheresis:
removes a larger volume of whole blood more rapidly than plasmapheresis
what happens to blood before being returned to the patient who is undergoing plasmapheresis? ANS:
filtered and exchanged with saline or plasma
, Which class of drugs prescribed to patients with autoimmune disorders, reduces inflammation by
neutralizing the activity of tumor necrosis factor? ANS: 1. NSAIDS
2. Monoclonal antibodies
3. Disease modifying antirheumatics
4. Calcineurin deterrent
Answer:
3
Interventions for autoimmune diseases ANS: Rest during acute illness; after acute phase balance rest
with exercise. Rest when fatigued!!! Identify and avoid triggers
What is the difference between AIDS and HIV ANS: Trick question :)
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS
Transmission of HIV ANS: blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk
Patho for HIV ANS: HIV binds to CD4 T cells; allows its RNA to create a "new" DNA set for the CD4 T
cells; As time passes CD4 T cells are destroyed, LEAVES PT AT INCREASED RISK FOR INFECTION
Incubation Stage of HIV ANS: Incubation: last for weeks, up to 10 yrs; no detectable change in CD4T cell
count; MOST INFECTIOUS; no noticeable symptoms
Early Stage of HIV ANS: fever, sore throat, muscle aches, cervical lymph node enlargement, rash,
headache, photophobia, normal CD4 T cell count
Latent Stage of HIV ANS: asymptomatic; minor opportunistic infections; persistent generalized
lymphadenopathy; virus dormant; normal CD4 T cell count
Etiology of Autoimmune Disorders ANS: Genetic predisposition with environmental trigger (diet,
radiation, chemicals, infections)
Systemic autiommune disorders ANS: widespread inflammation: lupus, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid
arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome
Organ-specific autoimmune disorders ANS: type 1 DM, grave's disease, myasthenia gravis, pernicious
anemia, celiac disease, IBD,
patient teaching: autoimmune diseases ANS: disease exacerbation can occur despite efforts. encourage
patients to be realistic about what they can/can't control
diagnostics: autoimmune diseases ANS: antinuclear antibody test: postive test confirms autoantibodies;
rheumatoid factor;
inflammatory markers: ESR, C-reactive protein, ferritin
The loss of which normal property results in the immune system producing antibodies against its own
cells? ANS: self-tolerance
Select all that apply:
Which disorders are organ-specific autoimmune disorders? ANS: 1. Type 1 DM
2. Myasthenia gravis
3. Multiple sclerosis
4. Celiac disease
5. Lupus
6. Rheumatoid arthritis
,Answer:
1, 2, 3, 4,
Even though not yet informed about which disorder is present, the nurse can expect the newly admitted
patient to have which common clinical manifestations of autoimmune disorders? ANS: 1. complaints of
fatigue
2. tachycardia
3. exacerbations
4. local inflammation
5. aching muscles
6. lung crackles
Answer:
1, 3, 4, 5
**Practice Pearl ANS: Patients on immune suppressive therapies are at risk for infections; tell patients
to report signs of infection
Non-pharmacological therapy for autoimmune disease: ANS: plasmaphereis: blood is filtered
apheresis:
removes a larger volume of whole blood more rapidly than plasmapheresis
what happens to blood before being returned to the patient who is undergoing plasmapheresis? ANS:
filtered and exchanged with saline or plasma
, Which class of drugs prescribed to patients with autoimmune disorders, reduces inflammation by
neutralizing the activity of tumor necrosis factor? ANS: 1. NSAIDS
2. Monoclonal antibodies
3. Disease modifying antirheumatics
4. Calcineurin deterrent
Answer:
3
Interventions for autoimmune diseases ANS: Rest during acute illness; after acute phase balance rest
with exercise. Rest when fatigued!!! Identify and avoid triggers
What is the difference between AIDS and HIV ANS: Trick question :)
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS
Transmission of HIV ANS: blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk
Patho for HIV ANS: HIV binds to CD4 T cells; allows its RNA to create a "new" DNA set for the CD4 T
cells; As time passes CD4 T cells are destroyed, LEAVES PT AT INCREASED RISK FOR INFECTION
Incubation Stage of HIV ANS: Incubation: last for weeks, up to 10 yrs; no detectable change in CD4T cell
count; MOST INFECTIOUS; no noticeable symptoms
Early Stage of HIV ANS: fever, sore throat, muscle aches, cervical lymph node enlargement, rash,
headache, photophobia, normal CD4 T cell count
Latent Stage of HIV ANS: asymptomatic; minor opportunistic infections; persistent generalized
lymphadenopathy; virus dormant; normal CD4 T cell count
