BIOL 1001 UMN Exam 1 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025
Evolution - Correct AnswerWhat is the fundamental principle of all biology?
Uniformitarianism - Correct AnswerForces observed today act the same way as they did
in the past
Superposition - Correct AnswerYounger rocks deposited above older rocks
Artificial selection - Correct AnswerThe picking out of individuals with any desired
quality and breeding from them
Natural selection - Correct AnswerWhat is the primary mechanism of evolutionary
change?
Natural selection 4 hypotheses - Correct Answer1) more individuals are born that can
survive/reproduce 2) Individuals vary in most traits 3)Individuals with certain traits are
more likely to survive and reproduce 4) Variation is at least partly heritable
Lamarkian evolution - Correct AnswerStructures change over an individuals lifetime and
pass on those acquired characters to descendants - INCORRECT
Darwinian evolution - Correct AnswerInheritance of pre-existing characters, change
over generations in the proportion of individuals in a population that possess a heritable
trait
Charles Lyell - Correct AnswerWho said that forces molding the planet have operated
continuously throughout history?
Thomas Malthus - Correct AnswerWho said there is a limit to how many living things
can survive?
Alfred Russell Wallace - Correct AnswerWho said that every species came from a
related, pre-existing species?
DNA - Correct AnswerDeoxyribonucleic acid, information storage molecule made up of
nucleotides
Nucleotides - Correct AnswerPhosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base
Nitrogenous bases - Correct Answer(AGCT) variation in DNA< can appear in any order
along strand
, RNA - Correct Answer(GUAC) Ribonucleic acid, assists with synthesis of proteins
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - Correct AnswerMade in transcription, codes for proteins in
translation
Transfer RNA (tRNA) - Correct AnswerMoves amino acids into place in translation
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - Correct AnswerPhysical machinery, holds amino acid in place
DNA replication - Correct AnswerFormation of 2 identical double stranded DNA
molecules from 1 copy
Transcription - Correct AnswerDNA to mRNA (AGCT - GUAC)
Translation - Correct AnswerRNA to proteins
Introns - Correct AnswerCoding regions that are removed in translation
Exons - Correct AnswerNon-coding regions that are spliced together in translation
Genetic code - Correct AnswerTriplets of nucleotides that code for amino acids
Codons - Correct AnswerTriplet of nucleotides "r group"
Amino acids - Correct AnswerMade of codons, makes proteins
Protein/polypeptide - Correct Answer20 different amino acids together
Chromosomes - Correct AnswerMade of DNA and protein
Ribosome - Correct AnswerHolds together translation
Enzymes - Correct AnswerProteins that make sure processes run smoothly
Coding sequence - Correct AnswerDetermines shape and function ofa protein
Point mutations - Correct Answerbase-pair substitution
Silent - Correct AnswerNo effect on phenotype
Missense - Correct AnswerChange in amino acid sequence
Nonsense - Correct AnswerCodes for a stop
Frame-shift - Correct Answerdeletion or insertion, usually fatal
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025
Evolution - Correct AnswerWhat is the fundamental principle of all biology?
Uniformitarianism - Correct AnswerForces observed today act the same way as they did
in the past
Superposition - Correct AnswerYounger rocks deposited above older rocks
Artificial selection - Correct AnswerThe picking out of individuals with any desired
quality and breeding from them
Natural selection - Correct AnswerWhat is the primary mechanism of evolutionary
change?
Natural selection 4 hypotheses - Correct Answer1) more individuals are born that can
survive/reproduce 2) Individuals vary in most traits 3)Individuals with certain traits are
more likely to survive and reproduce 4) Variation is at least partly heritable
Lamarkian evolution - Correct AnswerStructures change over an individuals lifetime and
pass on those acquired characters to descendants - INCORRECT
Darwinian evolution - Correct AnswerInheritance of pre-existing characters, change
over generations in the proportion of individuals in a population that possess a heritable
trait
Charles Lyell - Correct AnswerWho said that forces molding the planet have operated
continuously throughout history?
Thomas Malthus - Correct AnswerWho said there is a limit to how many living things
can survive?
Alfred Russell Wallace - Correct AnswerWho said that every species came from a
related, pre-existing species?
DNA - Correct AnswerDeoxyribonucleic acid, information storage molecule made up of
nucleotides
Nucleotides - Correct AnswerPhosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base
Nitrogenous bases - Correct Answer(AGCT) variation in DNA< can appear in any order
along strand
, RNA - Correct Answer(GUAC) Ribonucleic acid, assists with synthesis of proteins
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - Correct AnswerMade in transcription, codes for proteins in
translation
Transfer RNA (tRNA) - Correct AnswerMoves amino acids into place in translation
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - Correct AnswerPhysical machinery, holds amino acid in place
DNA replication - Correct AnswerFormation of 2 identical double stranded DNA
molecules from 1 copy
Transcription - Correct AnswerDNA to mRNA (AGCT - GUAC)
Translation - Correct AnswerRNA to proteins
Introns - Correct AnswerCoding regions that are removed in translation
Exons - Correct AnswerNon-coding regions that are spliced together in translation
Genetic code - Correct AnswerTriplets of nucleotides that code for amino acids
Codons - Correct AnswerTriplet of nucleotides "r group"
Amino acids - Correct AnswerMade of codons, makes proteins
Protein/polypeptide - Correct Answer20 different amino acids together
Chromosomes - Correct AnswerMade of DNA and protein
Ribosome - Correct AnswerHolds together translation
Enzymes - Correct AnswerProteins that make sure processes run smoothly
Coding sequence - Correct AnswerDetermines shape and function ofa protein
Point mutations - Correct Answerbase-pair substitution
Silent - Correct AnswerNo effect on phenotype
Missense - Correct AnswerChange in amino acid sequence
Nonsense - Correct AnswerCodes for a stop
Frame-shift - Correct Answerdeletion or insertion, usually fatal
