MN551 Unit 5 Exam Test Questions And Answers
Verified 100% Correct
A male international business traveler has returned from a trip to Indonesia. While there,
he hired a prostitute for companionship and engaged in unprotected sex on more than
one occasion. Unbeknownst to him, this prostitute harbored the hepatitis C virus. Upon
return to the United States, he exhibited no symptoms and returned to his usual
activities. During this period of no outward symptoms, the man would be classified as
being in
A) the preclinical stage of disease.
B) remission and unlikely to develop hepatitis C.
C) the clinical disease stage of hepatitis C.
D) the chronic phase of hepatitis C. - ANSWER A) the preclinical stage of
disease.
As of November 1, 2012, there were a total of 10 confirmed cases of Hantavirus
infection in people who were recent visitors (mid-June to end of August, 2012) to
Yosemite National Park. Three visitors with confirmed cases died. Health officials
believe that 9 out of the 10 people with Hantavirus were exposed while staying in Curry
Village in the Signature Tent Cabins. This is an example of
A) what the anticipated mortality rate would be if a family of five were planning to
vacation in Yosemite National Park.
B) the prevalence of Hantavirus one can anticipate if he or she is going to vacation
in Yosemite National Park.
C) the low rate of morbidity one can expect while traveling to Yosemite National
Park. D) the incidence of people who are at risk for developing Hantavirus while staying
in Yosemite National Park. - ANSWER D) the incidence of people who are at risk
for developing Hantavirus while staying in Yosemite National Park.
A particular disease has a debilitating effect on the ability of sufferers to perform their
activities of daily living and is a significant cause of decreased quality of life. However,
few people die as a result of the disease's direct effects. There are hundreds of
thousands of Americans living with the disease but relatively few new cases in recent
years. Which of the following statements best conveys an accurate epidemiological
characterization of the disease?
A) Low mortality; high morbidity; low prevalence; high incidence
B) Low mortality; high morbidity; high incidence; low prevalence
C) High mortality; low morbidity; high incidence; low prevalence
D) High morbidity; low mortality; high prevalence, low incidence - ANSWER D)
High morbidity; low mortality; high prevalence, low incidence
,An epidemiologist is conducting a program of research aimed at identifying factors
associated with incidence and prevalence of congenital cardiac defects in infants. The
researcher has recruited a large number of mothers whose infants were born with
cardiac defects as well as mothers whose infants were born with healthy hearts. The
researcher is comparing the nutritional habits of all the mothers while their babies
were in utero. Which of the following types of study is the epidemiologist most likely
conducting? A) Cohort study
B) Cross-sectional study
C) Case-control study
D) Risk factor study - ANSWER C) Case-control study
A nurse practitioner is working in a crowded neighborhood where the population is
primarily immigrants from China. The nurse has designed a research study to
follow children from kindergarten to the age of 25. She is going to be looking at
their diet, successful progression in school, health practices, and development of
disease, to name a few
A) Cohort study
B) Cross-sectional study
C) case-control study
D) epidemiological study - ANSWER A) Cohort study
As part of a community class, student nurses are developing a class to teach expectant
parents the importance of having their child properly secured in a child safety seat.
During the class, the students are going to have a safety officer examine the car seats
that the parents have installed in their vehicles. This is an example of which type of
prevention?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Prognosis enhancement - ANSWER A) Primary prevention
A multidisciplinary health care team operates a program aimed at the prevention,
identification, and treatment of diabetes on a large Indian reservation. Which of the
following aspects of the program would be most likely to be classified as secondary
prevention?
A) Regularly scheduled wound dressing changes for clients who have foot ulcers
secondary to peripheral neuropathy and impaired wound healing
B) Teaching school children how a nutritious, traditional diet can lessen their
chances of developing adult-onset diabetes
C) Staffing a booth where community residents who are attending a baseball
tournament can have their blood glucose levels checked
,D) Administering oral antihyperglycemic medications to clients who have a
diagnosis of diabetes - ANSWER C) Staffing a booth where community residents
who are attending a baseball tournament can have their blood glucose levels checked
An occupational therapist conducts a group therapy program called MindWorks with
older adults who have diagnoses of dementia and Alzheimer disease. The goal of the
group is to slow the cognitive decline of clients by engaging them in regular, organized
mental activity such as reading maps and solving puzzles. How would the program most
likely be characterized? A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Prognosis enhancement - ANSWER C) Tertiary prevention
The clinical educator of a hospital medical unit has the mandate of establishing
evidence-based practice guidelines for the nursing care on the unit. Which of the
following statements most accurately captures a guiding principle of the nurse's task? A)
Evidence-based practice guidelines will be rooted in research rather than nurses'
subjective practice preferences and experiences.
B) Guidelines are synonymous with systematic research reviews.
C) The need for continuity and standardization of guidelines will mean that they will be
fixed rather than changeable.
D) The guidelines will combine individual expertise with external systematic evidence.
- ANSWER D) The guidelines will combine individual expertise with external
systematic evidence.
The neuroscience nursing unit has developed a set of step-by-step directions of what
should occur if a nursing assessment reveals that the patient may be exhibiting clinical
manifestations of a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Which of the following statements
about clinical practice guidelines are accurate? Select all that apply.
A) Step-by-step guidelines are usually developed and based primarily on "how it
has always been done before."
B) The development of evidence-based practice guidelines requires a research
review from different studies to develop the most accurate diagnostic method to
implement. C) Once developed, practice guidelines only need to be reviewed if a
national committee sends out an update on new research.
D) When developing a CVA set of step-by-step directions, the nursing unit should
ask for assistance from experts in the neuroscience field. The potential users of the
guidelines should pilot test it for further feedback.
E) A meta-analysis could be utilized to combine evidence from different studies to
produce a more accurate diagnostic method. - ANSWER B, D, E
During a period of extreme excess fluid volume, a renal dialysis patient may be
administered which type of IV solution to shrink the swollen cells by pulling water out of
the cell?
, A) 0.9% sodium chloride
B) 5% dextrose and water
C) 3% sodium chloride
D) Lactated Ringer solution - ANSWER C) 3% sodium chloride
A 34-year-old male client has diagnoses of liver failure, ascites, and hepatic
encephalopathy secondary to alcohol abuse. The client's family is questioning the care
team as to why his abdomen is so large even though he is undernourished and
emaciated. Which of the following statements most accurately underlies the explanation
that a member of the care team would provide the family?
A) An inordinate amount of interstitial fluid is accumulating his abdomen.
B) The transcellular component of the intracellular fluid compartment contains far more
fluid than normal.
C) Normally small transcellular fluid compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged.
D) Gravity-dependent plasma is accumulating in his peritoneal cavity. - ANSWER
C) Normally small transcellular fluid compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged.
Which of the following individuals would be considered to be at risk for the development
of edema? Select all that apply.
A) An 81-year-old man with right-sided heart failure and hypothyroidism B) A
60-year-old obese female with a diagnosis of poorly controlled diabetes
mellitus
C) A 34-year-old industrial worker who has suffered extensive burns in a job-related
accident
D) A 77-year-old woman who has an active gastrointestinal bleed and consequent
anemia
E) A 22-year-old female with hypoalbuminemia secondary to malnutrition and
anorexia nervosa - ANSWER A, C, E
Recognizing the prevalence and incidence of dehydration among older adults, a care
aide at a long-term care facility is in the habit of encouraging residents to drink even
though they may not feel thirsty at the time. Which of the following facts underlies the
care aide's advice?
A) Older adults often experience a decrease in the sensation of thirst, even when
serum sodium levels are high.
B) The metabolic needs for both fluid and sodium in older adults differ from those of
younger individuals.
C) Regulation and maintenance of effective circulating volume by the kidneys is less
effective in the elderly.
D) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is less able to facilitate
sodium clearance in older adults. - ANSWER A) Older adults often experience a
decrease in the sensation of thirst, even when serum sodium levels are high.
Verified 100% Correct
A male international business traveler has returned from a trip to Indonesia. While there,
he hired a prostitute for companionship and engaged in unprotected sex on more than
one occasion. Unbeknownst to him, this prostitute harbored the hepatitis C virus. Upon
return to the United States, he exhibited no symptoms and returned to his usual
activities. During this period of no outward symptoms, the man would be classified as
being in
A) the preclinical stage of disease.
B) remission and unlikely to develop hepatitis C.
C) the clinical disease stage of hepatitis C.
D) the chronic phase of hepatitis C. - ANSWER A) the preclinical stage of
disease.
As of November 1, 2012, there were a total of 10 confirmed cases of Hantavirus
infection in people who were recent visitors (mid-June to end of August, 2012) to
Yosemite National Park. Three visitors with confirmed cases died. Health officials
believe that 9 out of the 10 people with Hantavirus were exposed while staying in Curry
Village in the Signature Tent Cabins. This is an example of
A) what the anticipated mortality rate would be if a family of five were planning to
vacation in Yosemite National Park.
B) the prevalence of Hantavirus one can anticipate if he or she is going to vacation
in Yosemite National Park.
C) the low rate of morbidity one can expect while traveling to Yosemite National
Park. D) the incidence of people who are at risk for developing Hantavirus while staying
in Yosemite National Park. - ANSWER D) the incidence of people who are at risk
for developing Hantavirus while staying in Yosemite National Park.
A particular disease has a debilitating effect on the ability of sufferers to perform their
activities of daily living and is a significant cause of decreased quality of life. However,
few people die as a result of the disease's direct effects. There are hundreds of
thousands of Americans living with the disease but relatively few new cases in recent
years. Which of the following statements best conveys an accurate epidemiological
characterization of the disease?
A) Low mortality; high morbidity; low prevalence; high incidence
B) Low mortality; high morbidity; high incidence; low prevalence
C) High mortality; low morbidity; high incidence; low prevalence
D) High morbidity; low mortality; high prevalence, low incidence - ANSWER D)
High morbidity; low mortality; high prevalence, low incidence
,An epidemiologist is conducting a program of research aimed at identifying factors
associated with incidence and prevalence of congenital cardiac defects in infants. The
researcher has recruited a large number of mothers whose infants were born with
cardiac defects as well as mothers whose infants were born with healthy hearts. The
researcher is comparing the nutritional habits of all the mothers while their babies
were in utero. Which of the following types of study is the epidemiologist most likely
conducting? A) Cohort study
B) Cross-sectional study
C) Case-control study
D) Risk factor study - ANSWER C) Case-control study
A nurse practitioner is working in a crowded neighborhood where the population is
primarily immigrants from China. The nurse has designed a research study to
follow children from kindergarten to the age of 25. She is going to be looking at
their diet, successful progression in school, health practices, and development of
disease, to name a few
A) Cohort study
B) Cross-sectional study
C) case-control study
D) epidemiological study - ANSWER A) Cohort study
As part of a community class, student nurses are developing a class to teach expectant
parents the importance of having their child properly secured in a child safety seat.
During the class, the students are going to have a safety officer examine the car seats
that the parents have installed in their vehicles. This is an example of which type of
prevention?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Prognosis enhancement - ANSWER A) Primary prevention
A multidisciplinary health care team operates a program aimed at the prevention,
identification, and treatment of diabetes on a large Indian reservation. Which of the
following aspects of the program would be most likely to be classified as secondary
prevention?
A) Regularly scheduled wound dressing changes for clients who have foot ulcers
secondary to peripheral neuropathy and impaired wound healing
B) Teaching school children how a nutritious, traditional diet can lessen their
chances of developing adult-onset diabetes
C) Staffing a booth where community residents who are attending a baseball
tournament can have their blood glucose levels checked
,D) Administering oral antihyperglycemic medications to clients who have a
diagnosis of diabetes - ANSWER C) Staffing a booth where community residents
who are attending a baseball tournament can have their blood glucose levels checked
An occupational therapist conducts a group therapy program called MindWorks with
older adults who have diagnoses of dementia and Alzheimer disease. The goal of the
group is to slow the cognitive decline of clients by engaging them in regular, organized
mental activity such as reading maps and solving puzzles. How would the program most
likely be characterized? A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Prognosis enhancement - ANSWER C) Tertiary prevention
The clinical educator of a hospital medical unit has the mandate of establishing
evidence-based practice guidelines for the nursing care on the unit. Which of the
following statements most accurately captures a guiding principle of the nurse's task? A)
Evidence-based practice guidelines will be rooted in research rather than nurses'
subjective practice preferences and experiences.
B) Guidelines are synonymous with systematic research reviews.
C) The need for continuity and standardization of guidelines will mean that they will be
fixed rather than changeable.
D) The guidelines will combine individual expertise with external systematic evidence.
- ANSWER D) The guidelines will combine individual expertise with external
systematic evidence.
The neuroscience nursing unit has developed a set of step-by-step directions of what
should occur if a nursing assessment reveals that the patient may be exhibiting clinical
manifestations of a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Which of the following statements
about clinical practice guidelines are accurate? Select all that apply.
A) Step-by-step guidelines are usually developed and based primarily on "how it
has always been done before."
B) The development of evidence-based practice guidelines requires a research
review from different studies to develop the most accurate diagnostic method to
implement. C) Once developed, practice guidelines only need to be reviewed if a
national committee sends out an update on new research.
D) When developing a CVA set of step-by-step directions, the nursing unit should
ask for assistance from experts in the neuroscience field. The potential users of the
guidelines should pilot test it for further feedback.
E) A meta-analysis could be utilized to combine evidence from different studies to
produce a more accurate diagnostic method. - ANSWER B, D, E
During a period of extreme excess fluid volume, a renal dialysis patient may be
administered which type of IV solution to shrink the swollen cells by pulling water out of
the cell?
, A) 0.9% sodium chloride
B) 5% dextrose and water
C) 3% sodium chloride
D) Lactated Ringer solution - ANSWER C) 3% sodium chloride
A 34-year-old male client has diagnoses of liver failure, ascites, and hepatic
encephalopathy secondary to alcohol abuse. The client's family is questioning the care
team as to why his abdomen is so large even though he is undernourished and
emaciated. Which of the following statements most accurately underlies the explanation
that a member of the care team would provide the family?
A) An inordinate amount of interstitial fluid is accumulating his abdomen.
B) The transcellular component of the intracellular fluid compartment contains far more
fluid than normal.
C) Normally small transcellular fluid compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged.
D) Gravity-dependent plasma is accumulating in his peritoneal cavity. - ANSWER
C) Normally small transcellular fluid compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged.
Which of the following individuals would be considered to be at risk for the development
of edema? Select all that apply.
A) An 81-year-old man with right-sided heart failure and hypothyroidism B) A
60-year-old obese female with a diagnosis of poorly controlled diabetes
mellitus
C) A 34-year-old industrial worker who has suffered extensive burns in a job-related
accident
D) A 77-year-old woman who has an active gastrointestinal bleed and consequent
anemia
E) A 22-year-old female with hypoalbuminemia secondary to malnutrition and
anorexia nervosa - ANSWER A, C, E
Recognizing the prevalence and incidence of dehydration among older adults, a care
aide at a long-term care facility is in the habit of encouraging residents to drink even
though they may not feel thirsty at the time. Which of the following facts underlies the
care aide's advice?
A) Older adults often experience a decrease in the sensation of thirst, even when
serum sodium levels are high.
B) The metabolic needs for both fluid and sodium in older adults differ from those of
younger individuals.
C) Regulation and maintenance of effective circulating volume by the kidneys is less
effective in the elderly.
D) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is less able to facilitate
sodium clearance in older adults. - ANSWER A) Older adults often experience a
decrease in the sensation of thirst, even when serum sodium levels are high.
