1 Exampromax - Stuvia US
Chamberlain NR507 Midterm Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Correct Answers Already
Graded A+
Q: Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction
Ans: - "Allergic reaction"
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
Exampromax - Stuvia US
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe
bronchoconstriction.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
Q: Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction
Ans: - Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function, doesn't
destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of cell/tissue damage;
severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by
agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
Q: Difference between type 2 & 3 hypersensitivity reactions
Ans: - Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface.
- Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the cell
surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then
deposited in the tissues.
Q: Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction
, 2 Exampromax - Stuvia US
Ans: - Immune complex
- Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE,
organs)
Q: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Ans: - Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia,
thrombocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
Exampromax - Stuvia US
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Q: Autoimmunity
Ans: - Can be familial: Affected family members may not all develop the same
disease, but several members may have different disorders characterized by a
variety of hypersensitivity reactions (autoimmune and allergic reactions).
Q: Alloimmunity
Ans: - General term used to describe when an individual's immune system reacts
against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system becomes
sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, Transplant rejection,
Transfusion reaction.
Q: Type 4 Hypersensitivity Reaction
Ans: - T-cell mediated
- Lymphocytes
- Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes
- Delayed response
- Ex: localized contact dermatitis. Treated with a topical corticosteroid (wouldn't
use antihistamine since Type 4 doesn't involve mast cells and H1 receptors).
Q: Differentiating between the rash of a Type 1 vs Type 4 Reaction
Chamberlain NR507 Midterm Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Correct Answers Already
Graded A+
Q: Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction
Ans: - "Allergic reaction"
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
Exampromax - Stuvia US
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe
bronchoconstriction.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
Q: Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction
Ans: - Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function, doesn't
destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of cell/tissue damage;
severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by
agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
Q: Difference between type 2 & 3 hypersensitivity reactions
Ans: - Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface.
- Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the cell
surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then
deposited in the tissues.
Q: Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction
, 2 Exampromax - Stuvia US
Ans: - Immune complex
- Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE,
organs)
Q: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Ans: - Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia,
thrombocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
Exampromax - Stuvia US
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Q: Autoimmunity
Ans: - Can be familial: Affected family members may not all develop the same
disease, but several members may have different disorders characterized by a
variety of hypersensitivity reactions (autoimmune and allergic reactions).
Q: Alloimmunity
Ans: - General term used to describe when an individual's immune system reacts
against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system becomes
sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, Transplant rejection,
Transfusion reaction.
Q: Type 4 Hypersensitivity Reaction
Ans: - T-cell mediated
- Lymphocytes
- Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes
- Delayed response
- Ex: localized contact dermatitis. Treated with a topical corticosteroid (wouldn't
use antihistamine since Type 4 doesn't involve mast cells and H1 receptors).
Q: Differentiating between the rash of a Type 1 vs Type 4 Reaction
