C180 Exam 2 Questions With Correct Answers
/ / / / / /
Uncertainty
/Reduction
/Theory
/(URT) /-
/correct
/answer(s)
/✔✔ />Seeks /to /explain /how /we /communicate /when /we /are /unsure /about /our /surroundings.
>premises
/that
/people /are /motivated /to /reduce /uncertainty /about /their /social /environment; /individuals /seek
/to /predict /and /explain /their /surroundings
Two
/types
/of
/uncertainty /-
/correct
/answer(s)
/✔✔
/Cognitive
/Uncertainty: /the /doubts /people /experience /about /their /own /beliefs /and /the /beliefs /of /others
under
/what /conditions /are /we /motivated /to /reduce /uncertainty? /- /correct /answer(s) /✔✔ /Deviation:
/
we /are /curious /when /an /individual /violates /our /expectations
Anticipation /of /future /interaction: /
we
/are
,/particularly
/motivated /to /reduce /uncertainty /when /we /expect /to /interact /with /someone /again
Control /over /resources: /
we
/feel
/especially
/compelled
/to /reduce /uncertainty /when /an /individual /determines /the /rewards /and /costs /we /will /receive
Strategies /to /reduce /uncertainty /- /correct /answer(s) /✔✔ /1.) /SEEKING /INFORMATION:
---
>
/passive
/strategies:
/involve /observing /the /target /from /a /distance; /observe /their /interactions, /gathering /info
------> /Pro: /minimize /face /threats
------> /Con: /they /may /not /produce /the /information /the /observer /is /most /interested /in
---> /active /strategies: /when /individuals /take /action /to /acquire /information /but /do /not /actually
/interact /with /the /person; /such /as /using /a /third /party /
------> /Pro: /offer /more /control /over /information /than /passive /strategies
------> /Con: /requires /more /effort /and /more /risk
/
---> /interactive /strategies: /entail /communicating /with /the /person /
------>Pro: /most /direct /method /of /reducing /uncertainty
------> /Con: /they /may /produce /anxiety, /embarrassment, /discomfort, /and /awkwardness /
PLANNING:
, >cope /with /uncertainty /by /planning /before /and /during /social /interaction
(Leslie /Knop /example)
HEDGING /(AGAINST /NEGATIVE /OUTCOMES):
>hedge
/against
/the
/outcomes /that /could /occur /when /producing /messages /under /conditions /of /uncertainty; /serve
/the /common /goal /of /circumventing /embarrassment /in /ambiguous /situations
---> /off-record /strategies
Characteristics /of /small /talk /- /correct /answer(s) /✔✔ />safe /topics: /
>variety /of /topics: /we /tend /to /talk /about /lots /of /different /topics /in /not /a /whole /lot /of /depth
>question /and /answer /form: /
>parallel /topics: /I /ask /you /how /many /pets /you /have, /you /ask /me /how /many /pets /I /have
/
>ritualized /opening /and /closing: /"hey /how /are /you"
why
/is
/it
/important
/to
/study /small /talk? /- /correct /answer(s) /✔✔ /small /talk /is /a /fundamental /part /of /communication
FREQUENCY: /we /do /it /all /the /time /
/ / / / / /
Uncertainty
/Reduction
/Theory
/(URT) /-
/correct
/answer(s)
/✔✔ />Seeks /to /explain /how /we /communicate /when /we /are /unsure /about /our /surroundings.
>premises
/that
/people /are /motivated /to /reduce /uncertainty /about /their /social /environment; /individuals /seek
/to /predict /and /explain /their /surroundings
Two
/types
/of
/uncertainty /-
/correct
/answer(s)
/✔✔
/Cognitive
/Uncertainty: /the /doubts /people /experience /about /their /own /beliefs /and /the /beliefs /of /others
under
/what /conditions /are /we /motivated /to /reduce /uncertainty? /- /correct /answer(s) /✔✔ /Deviation:
/
we /are /curious /when /an /individual /violates /our /expectations
Anticipation /of /future /interaction: /
we
/are
,/particularly
/motivated /to /reduce /uncertainty /when /we /expect /to /interact /with /someone /again
Control /over /resources: /
we
/feel
/especially
/compelled
/to /reduce /uncertainty /when /an /individual /determines /the /rewards /and /costs /we /will /receive
Strategies /to /reduce /uncertainty /- /correct /answer(s) /✔✔ /1.) /SEEKING /INFORMATION:
---
>
/passive
/strategies:
/involve /observing /the /target /from /a /distance; /observe /their /interactions, /gathering /info
------> /Pro: /minimize /face /threats
------> /Con: /they /may /not /produce /the /information /the /observer /is /most /interested /in
---> /active /strategies: /when /individuals /take /action /to /acquire /information /but /do /not /actually
/interact /with /the /person; /such /as /using /a /third /party /
------> /Pro: /offer /more /control /over /information /than /passive /strategies
------> /Con: /requires /more /effort /and /more /risk
/
---> /interactive /strategies: /entail /communicating /with /the /person /
------>Pro: /most /direct /method /of /reducing /uncertainty
------> /Con: /they /may /produce /anxiety, /embarrassment, /discomfort, /and /awkwardness /
PLANNING:
, >cope /with /uncertainty /by /planning /before /and /during /social /interaction
(Leslie /Knop /example)
HEDGING /(AGAINST /NEGATIVE /OUTCOMES):
>hedge
/against
/the
/outcomes /that /could /occur /when /producing /messages /under /conditions /of /uncertainty; /serve
/the /common /goal /of /circumventing /embarrassment /in /ambiguous /situations
---> /off-record /strategies
Characteristics /of /small /talk /- /correct /answer(s) /✔✔ />safe /topics: /
>variety /of /topics: /we /tend /to /talk /about /lots /of /different /topics /in /not /a /whole /lot /of /depth
>question /and /answer /form: /
>parallel /topics: /I /ask /you /how /many /pets /you /have, /you /ask /me /how /many /pets /I /have
/
>ritualized /opening /and /closing: /"hey /how /are /you"
why
/is
/it
/important
/to
/study /small /talk? /- /correct /answer(s) /✔✔ /small /talk /is /a /fundamental /part /of /communication
FREQUENCY: /we /do /it /all /the /time /
