LATEST WGU D027 OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

LATEST WGU D027 OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS “What organ does cystic fibrosis affect? - CORRECT ANSWER Affects the pancreas causing secretions into the lungs" "What heart disease is worse with exertion? - CORRECT ANSWER Ischemic heart disease because the demand requirements are higher." "What should you assess before giving Digoxin? - CORRECT ANSWER Apical pulse" "How should Warfarin be started? - CORRECT ANSWER Start initial dose at half to monitor the effects" "What causes the destruction of alveolar walls? Air goes in but can't get out which leads to hyperinflation - CORRECT ANSWER Emphysema" "What causes excess mucus production and smooth muscle hypertrophy? - CORRECT ANSWER Bronchitis" "What is a chronic inflammatory obstruction of bronchi? - CORRECT ANSWER Asthma, Triggers cause mucus to clog bronchial tubes." "What causes an overbite and buffalo hump? - CORRECT ANSWER Endocrine disorder called acromegaly (overproduction of growth hormone)" "What causes Addison's disease? - CORRECT ANSWER Decreased glucocorticoid (due to autoimmune destruction of adrenal cortex)" "What causes Cushing's syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER excess cortisol" "What causes Grave's disease? - CORRECT ANSWER overproduction of thyroid hormone. HYPERthyroidism." "When should you instruct the patient to take their FIRST dose of antihypertensive? - CORRECT ANSWER At night to avoid orthostatic hypotension. Educate slow position changes and lay down if needed." "What are side effects of ACE inhibitors? - CORRECT ANSWER dry cough angioedema hyperkalemia *Contraindicated in pregnancy" "Which type of antihypertensive should NOT be given to patients with Asthma? - CORRECT ANSWER Nonselective beta blocker (-lol) because both beta-2 receptors are effected" "How do you test for postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER Tilt test" "What is Florinef (corticosteroid) used for? - CORRECT ANSWER Used to treat postural hypotension and adrenal insufficiency." "What are the side effects of Florinef? - CORRECT ANSWER Nausea, headache, sleep problems, and mood changes." "What is the off label use for prazosin/minipress (alpha- 1 blocker)? - CORRECT ANSWER Sleep aid for patients diagnosed with PTSD" "Which medications are used to treat myasthenia gravis? - CORRECT ANSWER Corticosteroids and cholinesterase inhibitors." "Side effects of cholinesterase inhibitors (neostigmine): - CORRECT ANSWER Excessive salvation, urinary urgency, sweating, spasm, bradycardia" "What should be avoided if a patient has a G6PD deficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER Mothballs (naphthalene), fava beans, red wine, all beans, blueberries, soya products, tonic water, and camphor." "G6PD deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER - Low NADPH leads to hemolytic anemia (free radicals) - X-linked recessive" "What should you do for a mild reaction to IgM? - CORRECT ANSWER If fast, slow the infusion. Administer acetaminophen, diphenhydramine, and steroids." "What is the most common type of lung cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER Small cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs)" "How do you diagnose lung cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER - Chest X-ray - Test for mutation in epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR)" "Name an adrenocortical steroid indicated as partial replacement therapy for primary and secondary adrenocortical insufficiency in Addison's disease and for the treatment of salt-losing adrenogenital syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER Florinef" "What are side effects of Florinef? - CORRECT ANSWER Retention of sodium and water (edema), hypertension, cardiac enlargement, congestive heart failure, hypokalemia." "What is the off label use for Prazosin/minipress (alpha 1 blocker)? - CORRECT ANSWER Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and a sleep aid for patients diagnosed with PTSD." "Which medication is best for a diabetic with hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitor" "Do not combine an _______ with an angiotensin II Receptor Blockers ARB (-sartan) - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitor" "What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism and presents with thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSH) antibodies? - CORRECT ANSWER Graves disease" "Where can RET oncogene be found and what does it mean? - CORRECT ANSWER - Located on chromosome 10 - Seen on all cells in the body in patients with the hereditary forms of Medullary carcinoma of thyroid (MTC)" "Which medication is given to a patient experiencing rigors during a immunoglobulin M (IgM) infusion? - CORRECT ANSWER Demerol (meperidine)" "Which immunoglobin is associated with Celiac disease? - CORRECT ANSWER IgA" "What glands are affected by Sjograns syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER Tear and saliva glands" IgA - CORRECT ANSWER What antibody is elevated when you have Celiac?" "Dry eyes and dry mouth Rheumatoid Athritis and Lupus Inner lip biospy - CORRECT ANSWER What symptoms are related to Sjogren Syndrome? What two diseases are accompanied with this syndrome? How do you test for Sjogren Syndrome?" "Cinnamon - CORRECT ANSWER What spice improves colon health, anticoagulant, used for IBS, decrease cholesterol and lipids?" "Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER What syndrome has left side of the heart is underdeveloped. An ASD or patent foramen ovale allows for oxygenation of the blood mild cyanosis, HF, lethargic, cold hands and feet Left ventricle, left valves, left aortic valves is too small, Left ventricle is the primary chamber to pump blood to the body, right side has to compensate to increase organ perfusion" "Calcium Bone density - CORRECT ANSWER What does the parathyroid hormone secrete? How do you diagnose hypoparathyroid?" "Rapid aging NSAIDS, physical therapy, decrease cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWER What is Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome? What is the treatment for this syndrome?" "Cymbals, Lyrica, Gababentin - CORRECT ANSWER What are the pain meds for diabetic neuropathy?" "Hydrotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER What helps with fibromyalgia circulation?" "pneumothorax - CORRECT ANSWER Patient with post MVA and right sided decreased lung sounds" "Rifampicin - CORRECT ANSWER Oral contraceptives is impacted by what TB med?" "Hypothyroid Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody - CORRECT ANSWER Low T4, High TSH What antibody does this thyroid disease have?" "Crohn's disease - CORRECT ANSWER a chronic autoimmune disorder; skip lesions, cobblestones, pain after eating" "PCN for prophylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER How do you treat sickle cell in children?" "Keflex, avoid PCN - CORRECT ANSWER What med do you give pregnant women with a UTI?" "Abilify - CORRECT ANSWER What 2nd generational med is given for schizophrenia?" "Wheal under skin 10 mm is positive IGRA blood work - CORRECT ANSWER What would be considered a positive Purified protein derivative PPD test? What follow up lab work would be ordered?" "Flomax - CORRECT ANSWER First line medication for BPH" "Heart Failure - CORRECT ANSWER What is a chronic condition in which the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it receives; Decrease cardiac output?" "Pleural Effusion Thoracentesis and diuretics - CORRECT ANSWER What is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space? How would you remove the fluid?" "Irritant contact dermatitis - CORRECT ANSWER Prolonged, superficial skin exposure to foreign irritant" "furuncle - CORRECT ANSWER suppurative inflammatory skin lesion due to infected hair follicle" "Pancreas - CORRECT ANSWER Cystic fibrosis affects what organ that causes secretion in the lungs" "Klinefelter syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra X chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY. High pitched voice, sparse body hair, small testes, and gynecomastia" "Albuterol - CORRECT ANSWER What is the short acting beta 2 agonist medication for patients with asthma?" "Emphysema - CORRECT ANSWER What is the permanent enlargement of gas-exchange airways" "viral croup - CORRECT ANSWER laryngotracheobronchitis" "acromegaly - CORRECT ANSWER Endocrine disorder that has an enlargement of the extremities, overbite, buffalo hump; overproduction of growth hormone produced" "Addison's disease - CORRECT ANSWER Decreased glucocorticoid due to an autoimmune destruction of adrenal cortex" "Cushing Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER excess cortisol" "Increased Von Willebrand factor - CORRECT ANSWER Cushing syndrome with leg paint due to DVT means what?" "Tramadol (Ultram) - CORRECT ANSWER Do not give this analgesic with patients taking cymbalta because it can raise serotonin levels" "Invokana - CORRECT ANSWER What med is given to diabetics because it reduces cardiovascular events" "Cymbalta, Lyrica, Gabapentin - CORRECT ANSWER What med is given for diabetic neuropathy?" "Check potassium - CORRECT ANSWER What lab is checked for a diabetic not compliant with taking insulin?" "Thorancentesis - CORRECT ANSWER What procedure is done for a hemothorax?" "Pyolenophritis - CORRECT ANSWER Urinalysis confirmation with white blood cell casts?" "St. John's Wort - CORRECT ANSWER What herbal supplement accelerates the metabolism of some drugs" "NMBER - CORRECT ANSWER Offers evidence based ratings for supplements" "Fluoxetine - CORRECT ANSWER Anti-depressant that improve patient feeling tired and fatigued during the day" "Clozapine - CORRECT ANSWER atypical antipsychotic that works by blocking dopamine receptors" "prophylactic PCN - CORRECT ANSWER What to give newborns who have sickle cell disease trait" "First line: IV isotonic fluids Ibuprofen or analgesic for pain, high flow O2 - CORRECT ANSWER What to give patients with sickle cell disease" "Thiazide diuretics - CORRECT ANSWER Do not give this med to sickle cell patients" "Amoxicillin - CORRECT ANSWER First line treatment for otitis media for patients without comorbidities?" "Bacillus Calmette-Guerin BSG - CORRECT ANSWER What vaccine will make patients test positive for TB" "Isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol - CORRECT ANSWER What medications to give to patients who are pregnant with active TB?" "Direct-acting oral anticoagulant- Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) - CORRECT ANSWER What medication is given to a newly diagnosed A-fib patient?" "Varicella - CORRECT ANSWER What vaccine should be avoided in a 30 week pregnant female" "Tylenol - CORRECT ANSWER What med is safe to take for pregnant women for musculoskeletal pain?" "Keflex, Fosfomycin - CORRECT ANSWER What med to give to pregnant women with UTI?" "NO PCN NO -flox- Contraindicated: ACE inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER What meds should be avoided in pregnant women?" "Metroprolol - CORRECT ANSWER What med should be avoided in the treatment of Prinzmetal's angina because it can cause coronary artery spasm" "Calcium Channel Blocker and nitrate - CORRECT ANSWER What med should be given for Prinzmetal's angina?" "Hemochromatosis - CORRECT ANSWER excess iron deposits throughout the body" "Phlebotomy - CORRECT ANSWER How do you treat hemochromatosis?" "multiple sclerosis - CORRECT ANSWER What disease affects the eyes?" "have you taken erectile dysfunction meds like Viagra? - CORRECT ANSWER What question to ask before giving patients nitroglycerin for chest pain?" "Hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER What is the first dose adverse reaction when giving loop diuretics—furosemide?" "Focal laughing or crying seizures - CORRECT ANSWER What is side effects of hypothalamic hemartoma?" "Hypothalamic hamartoma - CORRECT ANSWER Rare, benign tumors found in the hypothalamus, seizures" "SSRI (like Prozac) - CORRECT ANSWER What med is given for anxiety disorder?" "Becker muscular dystrophy - CORRECT ANSWER progressive muscle dystrophy; walking on toes since childhood, falling frequently, waddle, push abdomen forward when walking" "Oxytocin - CORRECT ANSWER What hormone is released by the posterior pituitary gland?" "Order a liver function test - CORRECT ANSWER When there is a high ferritin level without other symptoms, what should you order next?" "acute myocardial infarction - CORRECT ANSWER the condition in which a portion of the myocardium dies as a result of oxygen starvation; patient's echocardiogram shows low cardiac output and loss of contractility" "Beta Blockers - CORRECT ANSWER What should you give the patient for at least 6 months to prevent another MI?" "DKA - CORRECT ANSWER Blurred vision, fatigue, SOB, disorientation, glucose of >400, fruity breath" "Increased cortisol - CORRECT ANSWER Cushing's syndrome" "Oral steroids and breathing treatment - CORRECT ANSWER What is the treatment for a patient with clear runny nose, barking cough, strider, and a temp of 101?" "CBC, CMP and urinalysis - CORRECT ANSWER What labs would you order for an elderly patient with recent memory loss, urinary incontinence, and hallucinations, daytime sleepiness, and impaired judgment?" "epidural hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER MVA with no helmet, CT scan shows a collection of blood in the space between the skull and dura mater and an increased ICP" "Subdural hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER Crescent shape on CT" "Ultrasound - CORRECT ANSWER What do you order for a patient with pain in the scrotum and has increased and feels nauseous?" "Invokana 100 mg daily - CORRECT ANSWER What medication reduces the risk of cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes?" "Low-dose enteric coated aspirin 81 mg daily - CORRECT ANSWER What medication is apart of the regimen for heart disease?" "Elevated Von Willebrand factor - CORRECT ANSWER What is elevated when Cushing syndrome with left leg pain and diagnosed with DVT?" "Cymbalta and Lyrica - CORRECT ANSWER What medications are alternatives to gabapentin for diabetic neuropathic pain?" "Gout - CORRECT ANSWER What is a type of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid crystals in the joints Preventative treatment: urate lowering drugs TX: NSAIDS, glucocorticoids" "Haldol - CORRECT ANSWER Antipsychotic antagonizing dopamine" "Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER When liver failure, secondary to end stage cirrhosis, what pharmacokinetic phase is affected?" "Forinef—corticosteroid - CORRECT ANSWER What medication is used to treat postural hypotension and adrenal insufficiency?" "Bactrim - CORRECT ANSWER What is the initial treatment for children with UTI?" "Cephalosporins IV or IM - CORRECT ANSWER What medication should be given to UTI patients who are vomiting meds?" "Erythropoietin - CORRECT ANSWER What can be given to rest for anemia of chronic kidney disease?" "Reduce salt intake and give ACE or ARB Spironolactone - CORRECT ANSWER What teachings and medication should be given to a Japanese man with HTN and chronic kidney disease? What should be avoided?" "Slow down the rate Give Acetaminophen, diphenhydramine, and steroids - CORRECT ANSWER What to do when patient is experiencing a mild reaction of IGM infusion?" "Dermerol (meperidine) - CORRECT ANSWER What medication to give the patient first with a IGM infusion reaction and is experiencing rigors?" "Salivary and tear glands—dry eyes and dry mouth biopsy of inner lip Women with RA and lupus - CORRECT ANSWER What glands are affected in Sjogren's Syndrome? What is a diagnostic test for this syndrome? Who does this syndrome primarily affect?" "Allopurinol - CORRECT ANSWER What medication treats gout and kidney stones?" "IV and PO antibiotics, Tylenol, and wrapping the wound - CORRECT ANSWER What is the treatment for cellulitis—acute, spreading infection of dermal and subcutaneous tissue?" "Vaso-occlusive crisis - CORRECT ANSWER RBC block flow to the points that tissues are deprived of O2 IV fluids, IV analgesia, high flow O2, transfusion, Motrin, and hydroxyurea is given" "Vitamin B12 deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER What is patients with alcoholism is deficient of?" "Flomax (tamsulosin) - CORRECT ANSWER What medication treats benign prostatic hyperplasia by relaxing the muscles in the prostate and the bladder Educate patients about hypotension" "Botox - CORRECT ANSWER What is given for chronic migraine?" "Propranolol - CORRECT ANSWER What is the first line agent in prevention of recurrent migraine headaches?" "Verapamil - CORRECT ANSWER What medication is the first choice calcium channel blocker?" "Pneumothorax - CORRECT ANSWER Patient with a post MVA with decreased lung sounds" "Amoxicillin for 10 days - CORRECT ANSWER What medication to give pediatric irritable ear pain?" "Rifampin - CORRECT ANSWER What TB medication impacts oral contraceptives?" "Ace inhibitor such as captopril - CORRECT ANSWER What is the best anti hypertensive medication to be started for a patient with DM?" "Baclofen - CORRECT ANSWER What medication is prescribed for muscle spasms?" "Tay-Sachs disease - CORRECT ANSWER What disease disproportionally impacts Jewish patients?" "radioactive iodine - CORRECT ANSWER What medication is used to destroy overactive thyroid gland—hyperthyroidism?" "Grave's disease - CORRECT ANSWER What is the overproduction of thyroid hormones, low TSH, HIGH T3 and T4" "Hashimoto's disease - CORRECT ANSWER High level levels of thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO) TSH is 5.31-range is above normal means thyroid is underactive" "Normal TSH: 0.4-4.0 - CORRECT ANSWER What is the normal range of TSH?" "Medullary Thyroid Cancer - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs in the C cells and secretes calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen Mutation in a gene called RET proto oncogene Curative surgery to remove lump" "Fine needle aspiration of thyroid nodule - CORRECT ANSWER How do you diagnose Medullary Thyroid Cancer?" "Calcium - CORRECT ANSWER What does parathyroid secrete?" "Produces ADH - CORRECT ANSWER What does the hypothalamus produce?" "Hyperparathyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER Low PTH, high Ca High T3 and T4" "Hypoparathyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER High PTH, low Ca Low T3 and T4" "IgE - CORRECT ANSWER allergic reactions" "Dantrolene - CORRECT ANSWER What is given for malignant hyperthermia" "Renin - CORRECT ANSWER Kidneys excrete what to produce blood pressure?" "What is Klinefelter syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER An extra X chromosome for males so example XXY causing female-like qualities" "What is Turner Syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER females. missing or deformed x chromosome. right hemisphere dysfunction, hearing loss, ear infection, language and articulation disorders, visual spatial and attentional problems" "What is beta thalassemia? - CORRECT ANSWER a condition in which the synthesis of the beta-globin chains is decreased or absent. Causes low hemoglobin." "Which medication is contraindicated in a patient with Beta Thalassemia? - CORRECT ANSWER Ferrous Sulfate" "What drug is used in combination with other agent to treat lymphoid tissue (leukemia). Directly toxic to lymphoid tissues Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) - for hormone receptor positive and advanced breast cancer. (Tomaxafin - reduces risk and recurrence risk) - CORRECT ANSWER Glucocorticoids" "What is the normal ejection fraction? - CORRECT ANSWER 55-60%. Less than 50% is BAD" "Is an ejection fraction of 50% reduced or preserved? - CORRECT ANSWER Preserved" "What are symptoms of left sided heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER Think PULMONARY. JVD, FVO, rails, S3 murmurs. Number one cause of right sided heart failure!" "What are symptoms of right sided heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER Think peripheral vascular. Lower extremity edema, abdominal distension." "What is the gold standard lab test for heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER BNP. Heart failure is a result greater than 100" "What is the first choice of calcium channel blocker? - CORRECT ANSWER Verapamil" "What side effect should you watch for in a patient taking a statin drug? - CORRECT ANSWER Muscle pain which can lead to rhabdomyolysis, kidney failure, and death." "Which diuretic is NOT used in patients with kidney failure and sickle cell disease? - CORRECT ANSWER Thiazide diuretics" "What type of drug is spironolactone? - CORRECT ANSWER potassium sparing diuretic" "Which type of insulin is the most painful during injection? - CORRECT ANSWER Lantus (long-acting)" "Why test glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1c)? - CORRECT ANSWER Most reliable assessment of blood sugar over the past 3 months. The goal is < 6.5%. A poor result is > 9%" "What is the normal range for TSH level? - CORRECT ANSWER The normal range of TSH levels is 0.4 to 4.0 milli-international units per liter. If you're already being treated for a thyroid disorder, the normal range is 0.5 to 3.0 milli-international units per liter. A value ABOVE the normal range usually indicates hypothyroidism." "What lab test would we recommend for thyroid? - CORRECT ANSWER Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO)" "symptoms of hypothyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER Bradycardia; cold intolerance; lethargy; memory loss; dry skin; brittle dry hair; decreased appetite; weight gain; constipation; increased serum lipids; decreased libido; erectile dysfunction" "What if a newborn has hypothyroidism? - CORRECT ANSWER Requires replacement within a few days and last for 3 years to prevent mental development changes and dwarfism." "What is Hashimoto's disease? - CORRECT ANSWER An autoimmune cause of hypothyroid. Symptoms include weight gain and fatigue." "Symptoms of hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) - CORRECT ANSWER Tachyarrhythmias, anxiety, insomnia, rapid flow/speech, hot GRAVES DISEASE" "how to treat grave's disease? - CORRECT ANSWER Remove or destroy thyroid tissue or suppress with drug (methimazole or propylthiouracil) Treat with Iodine-131 Beta blockers also used to suppress release of thyroid hormones and reduce HR." "What causes vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, and helps with memory and sleep? - CORRECT ANSWER histamine- 1" "What are side effects of antihistamines? - CORRECT ANSWER sedation (only H-1), dry mucus membranes, urinary hesitancy, and constipation." "Which medication is given after an MI? - CORRECT ANSWER Beta blocker is given for 6 months to prevent another MI" "When should medication reconciliation be done? - CORRECT ANSWER Within 30 days of discharge" "Which drug class is used as the first line of treatment for depression? - CORRECT ANSWER SSRIs because of the low side effects and effectiveness." "What is the first line of treatment for uncomplicated otitis media in pediatric patient without comorbidities? - CORRECT ANSWER Amoxicillin" "What is the first line of treatment for uncomplicated hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrochlorothiazide(thiazide diuretic) orally with lifestyle changes." "What might cause ataxia in a pediatric patient? - CORRECT ANSWER - Fragile X syndrome - Prader Willie Syndrome by deletion of chromosome 15 from father" "Combined ___________ are contraindicated when breast feeding. - CORRECT ANSWER Oral contraceptives" "Which antibiotic would you use for treatment of UTI during pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER One-time dose of Fosfomycin and cephalexin. NO PENCILLINS" "How to treat pediatric UTI with no comorbidities? - CORRECT ANSWER Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra) Augmentin Cephalosporins" "Which parent does color blindness come from? - CORRECT ANSWER X-linked so mother. 50% chance of getting it. Gene OPN1MW on chromosome 23 is mutated causing color blindness." "What is the first treatment for sickle cell crisis? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydration" "Parental care of the newborn with sickle cell anemia: - CORRECT ANSWER - Infant will be anemic - Increased risk for infection - May have spleen or liver damage causing jaundice - May have crying episodes from pain and swelling of extremities - Hydrate, administer vaccines, antibiotics when necessary, folic acid administration, and regular eye exams" "Should you admit or monitor a young athletic patient with bradycardia? - CORRECT ANSWER Monitor as it is normal." "Which part of the GI tract does Crohn's disease effect? - CORRECT ANSWER Affects all GI tract and has skip lesions" "Which patients have an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease? - CORRECT ANSWER Patients with atopic dermatitis and eczema" "What diagnostic labs will be drawn for ulcerative colitis? - CORRECT ANSWER CBC, CRP, ESR, LFT, electrolyte panel, and ANA" "A Japanese male present with hypertension and chronic kidney disease, which antihypertensive would you give? - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitor or ARB. Next course of action is to reduce amount of salt in diet." "Which medications are given PRN for anxiety? - CORRECT ANSWER Benzodiazepines (Diazepam), Vistaril (antihistamine), Seroquel (antipsychotic effects), SSRIs (Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft), and Wellbutrin (antidepressant), and Risperidone (side effect is neutropenia)" "Which medication can be given to treat schizophrenia? - CORRECT ANSWER Chlorpromazine (antipsychotic)" "Which medications could be alternatives to treat neuropathic pain? - CORRECT ANSWER Cymbalta (Duloxetine) and Lyrica (pregabalin)" "What do cholinesterase inhibitors do? - CORRECT ANSWER - a chemical that inhibits the acetylcholinesterase enzyme from breaking down acetylcholine, thereby increasing both the level and duration of action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. - Treats myasthenia gravis" "What are some side effects of cholinesterase inhibitors? - CORRECT ANSWER Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, bruising muscle cramps, headaches, fatigue, and insomnia." "Side effects of corticosteroids - CORRECT ANSWER Acute mania, immunosuppression, thin skin, osteoporosis, easy bruising, myopathies, edema," "What is the first line of treatment for uncomplicated hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrochlorothiazide (thiazide diuretic)" "Drugs with _______ are contraindicated during pregnancy. - CORRECT ANSWER -flox- drugs. For example, ciprofloxacin (Cipro), gemifloxacin (Factive), levofloxacin (Levaquin), moxifloxacin (Avelox), norfloxacin (Noroxin), and ofloxacin (Floxin) which are all fluoroquinolones." "What antibiotics must be avoided in pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER SAFe Children Take Really Good Care. sulfonamides(kericterus), aminoglycosides(ototox), fluoroquinolones(cartilage damage), Clarithromycin(embryotoxic), Tetracycline(teeth,bone damage),Ribavarin(teratogenic),Griseofulvin(teratogenic),Chloramphenicol(grey baby) pharmacology micro" "Which antibiotic would you use to treat UTI in a pediatric patient who is vomiting? - CORRECT ANSWER Cephalosporin IV" "What is the first line of therapy with sickle cell crisis? - CORRECT ANSWER IV fluids, HYDRATION" "What does the small bowel tissue of a patient with Crohn's disease look like under a microscope? - CORRECT ANSWER cobble stoning" "A Japanese patient comes in with hypertension, already taking an ACE inhibitor with stage 3 hypertension. What medication would we suggest next? - CORRECT ANSWER Amlodipine" "Normal TSH levels - CORRECT ANSWER 0.4-4.0" "What does it mean if the TSH levels are ABOVE normal? - CORRECT ANSWER - thyroid is underactive - hypothyroidism" "What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism and presents with thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO)? - CORRECT ANSWER Hashimoto thyroiditis" "Oral Metformin, watching carbs and manage glycemic index - CORRECT ANSWER How do you treat type 2 diabetes?" "Beta Blockers - CORRECT ANSWER Heart medication to avoid for asthmatic patients?" "Botox - CORRECT ANSWER What medication is used for chronic migraines and tension headaches?" "diabetic ketoacidosis - CORRECT ANSWER BSG >300 ketones in the urine Increase thirst and urination Fruity scented breath" "SSRI first - CORRECT ANSWER What drug class is used first for panic attacks?" "Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) - CORRECT ANSWER A hormone produced by the pituitary gland when the body is dehydrated. It causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water into the blood making the urine more concentrated; the kidney regulate blood pressure by using this hormone" "Check INR - CORRECT ANSWER Patient is taking Vibramycin and Warfarin. What needs to be check?" "Baclofen - CORRECT ANSWER What med is given for muscle spasm?" "Epidural hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER Bleeding between skull and dura" "Ta Shay's Disease - CORRECT ANSWER What disease impact the Jewish population?" "Cognitive behavior therapy with positive reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER Non-pharm treatment for depression" "Tylenol - CORRECT ANSWER What med can you give to a child with chicken pox?" "Angiotensin receptor blocker ARB - CORRECT ANSWER What blood pressure med works well for African American?" "Respiratory Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER Decreased oxygen Erythropoietin increased with O2 is low" "Aortic valve regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER What has a heart sound of a decrescendo murmur?" "Vitamin B - CORRECT ANSWER What supplement should be added/increased for schizophrenia?" "Red Yeast - CORRECT ANSWER What should be avoided when taking a -statin medication because it can impact LDL cholesterol?" "Muscle pain, rhabdomyolysis, and kidney failure - CORRECT ANSWER What is a side effect of a statin drug?" "Acute pericarditis - CORRECT ANSWER Lupus is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that is known to cause what?" "Prednisone and methylprednisone - CORRECT ANSWER What meds are given to treat Lupus?" "Doppler ultrasound - CORRECT ANSWER What is the initial diagnostic test for blood clots in the legs?" "Adolsterone - CORRECT ANSWER Helps to control sodium concentrations; produced by adrenal glands" "Turner Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an X chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X chromosome is deleted. Short stature, webbed neck, and a shield like chest" "Ferrous Sulfate - CORRECT ANSWER Contraindicated in beta thalassemia" "Epogen and blood transfusion - CORRECT ANSWER What is the treatment for beta thalassemia" "Levodopa and Carbidopa (Sinement) - CORRECT ANSWER Meds for Parkinson's" "plasma drug levels - CORRECT ANSWER Gold standard for determining the dosing of an anti epileptic drug" "Glucocorticoids - CORRECT ANSWER This drug in combo with other agents is used to treat lymphoid tissue (leukemia)" "Suppresses bone creation, take calcium and vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWER What is a side effect of glucocorticoids and what needs to be taken for supplementation?" "BNP >100 - CORRECT ANSWER What is the gold standard lab test for diagnosing CHF What is considered heart failure?" "Give Nitro first, take sublingual, acts within 5 min, max does of 3 doses - CORRECT ANSWER What is the first choice med for stable angina" "55-60% ejection fraction - CORRECT ANSWER Normal EF" "EF of 50% - CORRECT ANSWER Preserved EF" "Ischemic heart disease - CORRECT ANSWER Heart disease that is worse with exertion" "Start initial dose at half to monitor the effects - CORRECT ANSWER How would you start warfarin?" "Avoid beta blockers and calcium channel blockers - CORRECT ANSWER What is avoided with patients with asthma?" "Brain biopsy: plaques and tangled - CORRECT ANSWER What is the cardinal sign for diagnosing Alzheimer's?" "Donepezil (Aricept) - CORRECT ANSWER What is the cholinesterase inhibitor that treats memory, preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine allowing optimal function of the existing neurons which are functioning appropriating" "Histamine-1 - CORRECT ANSWER What medication is used to help with memory and sleep?" "Fragile X Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER a disorder produced by injury to a gene on the X chromosome, producing slurred speech, stumbling, incoordination Elevated ferritin level; "cerebellum attacks"; ataxia" "Crohn's - CORRECT ANSWER Can be throughout the intestinal system but usually in the small intestines; abdominal pain after meals Anti-Saccharomycescerevisiae antibody test" "Skip Lesion on the biopsy, looks like cobblestone under the microscope - CORRECT ANSWER How do you diagnosis Crohn's and what is it's characteristic?" "Acute dermatitis and eczema - CORRECT ANSWER What conditions are more likely to have Crohn's?" "ulcerative colitis - CORRECT ANSWER chronic inflammation on in the innermost lining of the large intestine and rectum" "IgA - CORRECT ANSWER Lab antibody that is helpful in diagnosing Celiac" "Endoscopy with small intestine biopsy - CORRECT ANSWER Golden Standard for diagnosing Celiac" "Avoid barley, rye, oat, and wheat - CORRECT ANSWER What food to avoid with patient with Celiac?" "spirometer pulmonary function test - CORRECT ANSWER Diagnostic method for COPD" "Azithromycin (Zithromax) - CORRECT ANSWER Treatment of COPD for former smokers" "Ductus arteriosus and foremen ovale - CORRECT ANSWER Hypoplastic left heart syndrome can survive if which 2 dental ducts remain open?" "Tilt table test - CORRECT ANSWER Diagnosing test for POTS" "St. John's Wort - CORRECT ANSWER What supplement increases the neurotransmitter serotonin like antidepressants so it should be avoided when taking antidepressants" "cognitive behavioral therapy - CORRECT ANSWER What is the first line treatment for acute stress disorder?" "Benzodiazepine: Clonazepam (Klonopin) - CORRECT ANSWER First line treatment for anxiety disorder?" "BPH, sleep aid for patients with ptsd - CORRECT ANSWER What is Prazosin (mini press) used for?" "Hemorrhagic stroke - CORRECT ANSWER occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures leading to accumulation of blood in the brain" "Benzodiazepine - CORRECT ANSWER Medication used for alcohol withdrawal and decrease CNS overstimulation" "G6PD deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER What is the inherited X linked recessive hemolytic anemia in which the RBC's break down when the body is exposed to certain foods, drugs, infections, or stress." "Fava beans, red wine, blueberries, soy products, tonic water, mothballs, and camphor no henna, beans, and macrobids Tylenol is are to consume - CORRECT ANSWER What to avoid with patients with G6PD deficiency? What OTC med can be safely consume?" "Avoiding triggers, blood transfusion - CORRECT ANSWER What is the treatment for G6PD" "pleural effusion - CORRECT ANSWER abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space" "HCTZ - CORRECT ANSWER What is the first line treatment for uncomplicated HTN?" "Take the first dose at night to avoid orthostatic hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER What should you instruct the patient when they first take a hypertensive medication?" "Ambulating measurement; two office measurement on two separate occasion - CORRECT ANSWER What should you do to eliminate masked HTN and white coat syndrome?" "Dry cough - CORRECT ANSWER What is a common side effect of an ACE inhibitor?" "ACE inhibitors-Captopril (Capoten) - CORRECT ANSWER What medication is for diabetics being started on an anti hypertensive medication?" "Atherosclerosis - CORRECT ANSWER What is the development of lipid plaques" "Daily aspirin, lipid lowering with statin, and insulin - CORRECT ANSWER What drugs are used to manage patients with peripheral artery disease and type 1 diabetes?" "Vitamin B1 - CORRECT ANSWER What is used as concomitant therapy in managing a patient with szhizophrenia?" "ALK and EGFR mutation - CORRECT ANSWER What is used to diagnose with metastatic non small cell lung cancer?" "Start at half the standard dosing - CORRECT ANSWER When prescribing Coumadin and to decrease risk of stroke but considering the cost, how should you instruct the patient to start the medication?" "Swab the infected area with Nystatin oral suspension for 10 days - CORRECT ANSWER Infant with thrush caused by Candida Albicans, what should you prescribe and how should you apply the medication?" "3 total: at birth, 2 months, and 6 months - CORRECT ANSWER When should you give hepatitis B vaccination for newborns?" "Obtain apical pulse before administering - CORRECT ANSWER What should the nurse do before giving digoxin?" "Mirtazapine (Remeron) - CORRECT ANSWER Antidepressant that leads to improved sleep" "Zometa infusion - CORRECT ANSWER What medication infusion lowers the amount of calcium in the blood Bone scan is used to assess how affective the treatment is" "Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) - CORRECT ANSWER Golden standard endocrine treatment for breast cancer" "Positive hemoccult test - CORRECT ANSWER Lynch syndrome is a hereditary form of colorectal cancer—what should be ordered to test?" "Superior vena cava syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER Tumor can compress SVC and cause swelling of face, JVD, and visible chest veins hoarse voice, dyspnea, strider" "Transposition of the great vessels - CORRECT ANSWER Aorta arises from right ventricle and pulmonary artery arises from left ventricle- creates two separate shunts that do not mix" "Short term course of benzodiazepines and structured cognitive behavioral therapy - CORRECT ANSWER What is the initial therapy recommended for acute stress disorder following a traumatic event?" "increased capillary permeability - CORRECT ANSWER What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process?" "B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes Macrophages Dendritic cells - CORRECT ANSWER Acquired immunity is dependent on the functions of what cells?"