NRNP 6635 Final Exam - Schizophrenia
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dit650
1. Schizophrenia a psychological disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized
speech, and/or diminished inappropriate emotional expression.
2. signs and symp- The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia are traditionally separated into 2 groups:
toms of schizo- positive (delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech or behavior) and
phrenia negative (flat affect, avolition, anhedonia, poor attention, and alogia).
3. Schizophrenia is a decline in both cognitive and social functioning that often precedes the devel-
associated with opment of florid psychosis.
4. Etiology of Schiz- The exact etiology of schizophrenia is unknown, although it is thought to be linked
ophrenia to an increase in dopaminergic activity.
No single etiological factor is responsible for schizophrenia.
5. Treatment of Treatment includes antipsychotics in conjunction with behavioral therapy.
Schizophrenia
6. Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a chronic serious mental disorder characterized by loss of contact
definition with reality and manifested by two main symptoms: hallucinations and delusions.
7. onset of schizo- Men and women are equally affected, but with a slight difference in the age of
phrenia onsetMen: average age of onset = 23 years Women: average age of onset = 26
years
8. Etiological fac- The disorder manifests when a person with a genetic predisposition is exposed to
tors of schizo- one of many environmental stressors.
phrenia - genetic predisposition
- environmental stressors
9. Environmental Environmental stressors are believed to be triggers of schizophrenia rather than
Stressors of true causes of the disorder.
Schizophrenia -Childhood trauma
- Residence in an urban area
1/8
, NRNP 6635 Final Exam - Schizophrenia
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dit650
- Social isolation
-Frequent cannabis use in early adolescence
- Migration
- Poverty
- Stress and psychosocial factors
- Birth in late winter or early spring
-Advanced paternal age at conception
10. Pathophysiology Genetic and environmental risk factors appear to act via a common pathway
of schizophrenia of disrupting the function of 1 or more neurotransmitter components.
part 1 Dopaminergic theory: Almost all drugs with antipsychotic properties block the
dopaminergic D2 receptor.
However, antipsychotics are only 70% effective and clozapine, the most effective
antipsychotic for treating schizophrenia, is a weak D2 antagonist.
Hyperactivity of dopamine D2 receptor neurotransmission in subcortical, and
limbic brain regions contribute to the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Hypo
functionality of dopamine D1 receptor neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex
contributes to both negative and cognitive symptoms.
11. Pathophysiology Other theories:
of schizophrenia Hypofunction of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor. Dysfunc-
part 2 tional gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) interneurons.
Dysfunctional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
12. Physical abnor- Patients with schizophrenia also have physical abnormalities of the brain tissue,
malities of the which can be seen in neuroimaging studies.
brain in schizo-
phrenia Loss of cortical tissue volume, including the limbic system, prefrontal cortex, thal-
amus, hippocampus, and amygdala.
Ventricular enlargement (third and lateral).
Decreased symmetry.
Hypoactivity of the frontal lobes and hyperactivity of the basal ganglia.
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dit650
1. Schizophrenia a psychological disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized
speech, and/or diminished inappropriate emotional expression.
2. signs and symp- The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia are traditionally separated into 2 groups:
toms of schizo- positive (delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech or behavior) and
phrenia negative (flat affect, avolition, anhedonia, poor attention, and alogia).
3. Schizophrenia is a decline in both cognitive and social functioning that often precedes the devel-
associated with opment of florid psychosis.
4. Etiology of Schiz- The exact etiology of schizophrenia is unknown, although it is thought to be linked
ophrenia to an increase in dopaminergic activity.
No single etiological factor is responsible for schizophrenia.
5. Treatment of Treatment includes antipsychotics in conjunction with behavioral therapy.
Schizophrenia
6. Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a chronic serious mental disorder characterized by loss of contact
definition with reality and manifested by two main symptoms: hallucinations and delusions.
7. onset of schizo- Men and women are equally affected, but with a slight difference in the age of
phrenia onsetMen: average age of onset = 23 years Women: average age of onset = 26
years
8. Etiological fac- The disorder manifests when a person with a genetic predisposition is exposed to
tors of schizo- one of many environmental stressors.
phrenia - genetic predisposition
- environmental stressors
9. Environmental Environmental stressors are believed to be triggers of schizophrenia rather than
Stressors of true causes of the disorder.
Schizophrenia -Childhood trauma
- Residence in an urban area
1/8
, NRNP 6635 Final Exam - Schizophrenia
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dit650
- Social isolation
-Frequent cannabis use in early adolescence
- Migration
- Poverty
- Stress and psychosocial factors
- Birth in late winter or early spring
-Advanced paternal age at conception
10. Pathophysiology Genetic and environmental risk factors appear to act via a common pathway
of schizophrenia of disrupting the function of 1 or more neurotransmitter components.
part 1 Dopaminergic theory: Almost all drugs with antipsychotic properties block the
dopaminergic D2 receptor.
However, antipsychotics are only 70% effective and clozapine, the most effective
antipsychotic for treating schizophrenia, is a weak D2 antagonist.
Hyperactivity of dopamine D2 receptor neurotransmission in subcortical, and
limbic brain regions contribute to the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Hypo
functionality of dopamine D1 receptor neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex
contributes to both negative and cognitive symptoms.
11. Pathophysiology Other theories:
of schizophrenia Hypofunction of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor. Dysfunc-
part 2 tional gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) interneurons.
Dysfunctional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
12. Physical abnor- Patients with schizophrenia also have physical abnormalities of the brain tissue,
malities of the which can be seen in neuroimaging studies.
brain in schizo-
phrenia Loss of cortical tissue volume, including the limbic system, prefrontal cortex, thal-
amus, hippocampus, and amygdala.
Ventricular enlargement (third and lateral).
Decreased symmetry.
Hypoactivity of the frontal lobes and hyperactivity of the basal ganglia.
2/8
