2025 NASM Nutrition Certification Exam
with Questions, Verified Correct
Answers and Rationale
SCOFF questionnaire ------- Correct Ans ---------- Basic yet reliable set of five questions that help
assess whether an eating disorder exists.
Do you make yourself Sick because you feel uncomfortably full?
Do you worry that you have lost Control over how much you eat?
Have you recently lost more than One stone (14 lbs) in a 3-month period?
Do you believe yourself to be Fat when others say you are too thin?
Would you say that Food dominates your life?
Scientific Method ------- Correct Ans ---------- The process of formulating explanations about the
natural world and testing those explanations with experiments and data.
1. Identify a Problem
2. Formulate a hypothesis
3. Design a study to test the hypothesis
4. Collect data
5. Discard or change the hypothesis OR continue testing
Evidence-Based Practice ------- Correct Ans ---------- A three-pronged approach to working with
clients, which consists of making decisions based on the weight of the scientific evidence, field
observations, and individual client needs and preferences.
,Prediction ------- Correct Ans ---------- An expected outcome generated from a hypothesis
Theory ------- Correct Ans ---------- A hypothesis or set of hypotheses for which a large body of
high-quality evidence has been accumulated.
Hierarchy of Evidence ------- Correct Ans ---------- 1. Systematic Reviews
2. Randomized Controlled Trials
3. Observational Research
4. Peer Reviews
5. Non-Peer-Reviewed Media, including anecdotes
Anecdote ------- Correct Ans ---------- an account of a person's experience or event
Uncontrolled Variable ------- Correct Ans ---------- A variable in an experiment that a scientist
makes no effort to manipulate or account for.
Primary Research ------- Correct Ans ---------- Original research where scientists perform
experiments and collect data - this is in contrast to secondary research where scientists analyze
data that has already been collected or published elsewhere.
Observational Research ------- Correct Ans ---------- Research in which a researcher observes
ongoing behaviors to determine correlation.
Correlation ------- Correct Ans ---------- A relationship between two or more variables.
Randomized Control Trial (RCT) ------- Correct Ans ---------- A type of scientific study/trial where
participants are randomly assigned into different groups - one or more will be the intervention
,to be tested and one will be the control group. Groups are randomized and a control is used in
an attempt to reduce potential bias in the trial.
Independent Variable ------- Correct Ans ---------- The variable scientists manipulate in an
experiment.
External Validity ------- Correct Ans ---------- The ability to generalize the results of a study.
Systematic Review ------- Correct Ans ---------- A review where scientists systematically gather all
research on a topic and evaluate it based on predefined criteria and rules.
Meta-Analysis ------- Correct Ans ---------- A statistical analysis of a group of studies to assess the
overall weight of the evidence.
Empirical ------- Correct Ans ---------- Based on observation or experience.
Test-Retest Reliability ------- Correct Ans ---------- The ability to get similar results when
something is measured under the same conditions.
Reliability ------- Correct Ans ---------- The consistency of a measure.
Validity ------- Correct Ans ---------- The assessment of whether a tool is measuring what it is
supposed to measure.
Selection Bias ------- Correct Ans ---------- A sample of people under study is not representative of
the larger population that scientists are looking to make inferences about.
Retrospective ------- Correct Ans ---------- Describes a study that looks backward in time.
, Recall Bias ------- Correct Ans ---------- The inability to accurately remember past behaviors.
Health ------- Correct Ans ---------- A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being,
not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Homeostasis ------- Correct Ans ---------- The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium
between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
Disease ------- Correct Ans ---------- A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or
plant, especially one that produces specific signs or symptoms, affects a specific location, and is
not simply a direct result of physical injury.
Noncommunicable Disease ------- Correct Ans ---------- A noncommunicable disease (NCD) is a
medical condition or disease that is not caused by infectious agents; it can refer to chronic
diseases which last for long periods of time and progress slowly.
Communicable Disease ------- Correct Ans ---------- Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms
such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi that can be spread (directly or indirectly) from one
person to another.
Wellness ------- Correct Ans ---------- The fluid process of improving the emotional, occupational,
physical, social, intellectual, and spiritual components of life, dynamically leading to a better
state of health and well-being.
Obese ------- Correct Ans ---------- A high degree of excess body fat - a BMI greater than 30.
Biometrics ------- Correct Ans ---------- The technical term for measurements and calculations
related to human physical characteristics.
with Questions, Verified Correct
Answers and Rationale
SCOFF questionnaire ------- Correct Ans ---------- Basic yet reliable set of five questions that help
assess whether an eating disorder exists.
Do you make yourself Sick because you feel uncomfortably full?
Do you worry that you have lost Control over how much you eat?
Have you recently lost more than One stone (14 lbs) in a 3-month period?
Do you believe yourself to be Fat when others say you are too thin?
Would you say that Food dominates your life?
Scientific Method ------- Correct Ans ---------- The process of formulating explanations about the
natural world and testing those explanations with experiments and data.
1. Identify a Problem
2. Formulate a hypothesis
3. Design a study to test the hypothesis
4. Collect data
5. Discard or change the hypothesis OR continue testing
Evidence-Based Practice ------- Correct Ans ---------- A three-pronged approach to working with
clients, which consists of making decisions based on the weight of the scientific evidence, field
observations, and individual client needs and preferences.
,Prediction ------- Correct Ans ---------- An expected outcome generated from a hypothesis
Theory ------- Correct Ans ---------- A hypothesis or set of hypotheses for which a large body of
high-quality evidence has been accumulated.
Hierarchy of Evidence ------- Correct Ans ---------- 1. Systematic Reviews
2. Randomized Controlled Trials
3. Observational Research
4. Peer Reviews
5. Non-Peer-Reviewed Media, including anecdotes
Anecdote ------- Correct Ans ---------- an account of a person's experience or event
Uncontrolled Variable ------- Correct Ans ---------- A variable in an experiment that a scientist
makes no effort to manipulate or account for.
Primary Research ------- Correct Ans ---------- Original research where scientists perform
experiments and collect data - this is in contrast to secondary research where scientists analyze
data that has already been collected or published elsewhere.
Observational Research ------- Correct Ans ---------- Research in which a researcher observes
ongoing behaviors to determine correlation.
Correlation ------- Correct Ans ---------- A relationship between two or more variables.
Randomized Control Trial (RCT) ------- Correct Ans ---------- A type of scientific study/trial where
participants are randomly assigned into different groups - one or more will be the intervention
,to be tested and one will be the control group. Groups are randomized and a control is used in
an attempt to reduce potential bias in the trial.
Independent Variable ------- Correct Ans ---------- The variable scientists manipulate in an
experiment.
External Validity ------- Correct Ans ---------- The ability to generalize the results of a study.
Systematic Review ------- Correct Ans ---------- A review where scientists systematically gather all
research on a topic and evaluate it based on predefined criteria and rules.
Meta-Analysis ------- Correct Ans ---------- A statistical analysis of a group of studies to assess the
overall weight of the evidence.
Empirical ------- Correct Ans ---------- Based on observation or experience.
Test-Retest Reliability ------- Correct Ans ---------- The ability to get similar results when
something is measured under the same conditions.
Reliability ------- Correct Ans ---------- The consistency of a measure.
Validity ------- Correct Ans ---------- The assessment of whether a tool is measuring what it is
supposed to measure.
Selection Bias ------- Correct Ans ---------- A sample of people under study is not representative of
the larger population that scientists are looking to make inferences about.
Retrospective ------- Correct Ans ---------- Describes a study that looks backward in time.
, Recall Bias ------- Correct Ans ---------- The inability to accurately remember past behaviors.
Health ------- Correct Ans ---------- A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being,
not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Homeostasis ------- Correct Ans ---------- The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium
between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
Disease ------- Correct Ans ---------- A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or
plant, especially one that produces specific signs or symptoms, affects a specific location, and is
not simply a direct result of physical injury.
Noncommunicable Disease ------- Correct Ans ---------- A noncommunicable disease (NCD) is a
medical condition or disease that is not caused by infectious agents; it can refer to chronic
diseases which last for long periods of time and progress slowly.
Communicable Disease ------- Correct Ans ---------- Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms
such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi that can be spread (directly or indirectly) from one
person to another.
Wellness ------- Correct Ans ---------- The fluid process of improving the emotional, occupational,
physical, social, intellectual, and spiritual components of life, dynamically leading to a better
state of health and well-being.
Obese ------- Correct Ans ---------- A high degree of excess body fat - a BMI greater than 30.
Biometrics ------- Correct Ans ---------- The technical term for measurements and calculations
related to human physical characteristics.
