2025 Med Surg ATI Exam 2 Questions,
Answers and Rationale
A nurse is caring for a client who has a WBC count of 20,000/mm3. Which of the following WBC
abnormalities is consistent with the findings?
A. Neutropenia
B. Leukocytosis
C. Left shift
D. Leukopenia ------- Correct Ans ---------- B. Leukocytosis (WBC count greater than 10,000/mm3 ,
which indicate inflammation or infection.)
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has measles. The nurse should
expect an increase in which of the following types of WBCs?
A. Neutrophils
B. Basophils
C. Lymphocytes
D. Eosinophils ------- Correct Ans ---------- C. Lymphocytes (increase with viral infections, such as
measles, mumps, and mononucleosis.)
A nurse is preparing to administer a scratch test to a client who has possible food and
environmental allergies. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform prior to the
procedure? (Select all that apply.)
A. Cleanse the pt skin with povidone-iodine.
B. Ask the pt about previous reactions to allergens.
,C. Ask the client about medications taken the past several days.
D. Inform the client to expect itching at one site.
E. Obtain emergency resuscitation equipment. ------- Correct Ans ---------- B. Ask the pt about
previous reactions to allergens.
C. Ask the client about medications taken the past several days. (Antihistamines and
corticosteroids can suppress reactions.)
D. Inform the client to expect itching at one site.
E. Obtain emergency resuscitation equipment.
Leukopenia ------- Correct Ans ---------- total WBC count less than 4,000/mm3. It can indicate
drug toxicity, autoimmune disease, bone marrow failure, and some overwhelming infections
Leukocytosis ------- Correct Ans ---------- total WBC count greater than 10,000/mm3. It can
indicate inflammation, infection, some malignancies, trauma, dehydration, stress, steroid use,
and thyroid storm.
Neutropenia ------- Correct Ans ---------- neutrophil count less than 2,000/mm3. Occurs in clients
who have viral or overwhelming bacterial infections, or are undergoing radiation or
chemotherapy.
A nurse is reviewing strategies to promote comfort with a client who received an immunization.
Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. Massage the injection site.
B. Apply a cool compress to the injection site.
C. Take acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
D. Use the affected extremity.
E. Apply an antimicrobial ointment to the injection site. ------- Correct Ans ---------- B. Apply a
cool compress to the injection site.
, C. Take acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
D. Use the affected extremity.
A nurse is preparing to administer a varicella immunization to a client. Which of the following
questions should the nurse ask?
A. "Are you allergic to eggs?"
B. "Are you allergic to baker's yeast?"
C. "Are you pregnant?"
D. "Do you have a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome?" ------- Correct Ans ---------- C. Are you
pregnant
A nurse in an outpatient clinic is collecting data from a client who reports night sweats and
fatigue. The client's temperature is 38.1 C (100.6 F) orally. The client is afraid he has HIV. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all)
A. Measure vital signs.
B. Determine when manifestations began.
C. Weigh the client.
D. Reinforce teaching about opportunistic infections.
E. Obtain a sexual history. ------- Correct Ans ---------- A. Measure vital signs.
B. Determine when manifestations began.
C. Weigh the client.
E. Obtain a sexual history.
A nurse is caring for a client who is suspected of having HIV. Which of the following diagnostic
tests and laboratory values are used to confirm HIV infection? (Select all)
Answers and Rationale
A nurse is caring for a client who has a WBC count of 20,000/mm3. Which of the following WBC
abnormalities is consistent with the findings?
A. Neutropenia
B. Leukocytosis
C. Left shift
D. Leukopenia ------- Correct Ans ---------- B. Leukocytosis (WBC count greater than 10,000/mm3 ,
which indicate inflammation or infection.)
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has measles. The nurse should
expect an increase in which of the following types of WBCs?
A. Neutrophils
B. Basophils
C. Lymphocytes
D. Eosinophils ------- Correct Ans ---------- C. Lymphocytes (increase with viral infections, such as
measles, mumps, and mononucleosis.)
A nurse is preparing to administer a scratch test to a client who has possible food and
environmental allergies. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform prior to the
procedure? (Select all that apply.)
A. Cleanse the pt skin with povidone-iodine.
B. Ask the pt about previous reactions to allergens.
,C. Ask the client about medications taken the past several days.
D. Inform the client to expect itching at one site.
E. Obtain emergency resuscitation equipment. ------- Correct Ans ---------- B. Ask the pt about
previous reactions to allergens.
C. Ask the client about medications taken the past several days. (Antihistamines and
corticosteroids can suppress reactions.)
D. Inform the client to expect itching at one site.
E. Obtain emergency resuscitation equipment.
Leukopenia ------- Correct Ans ---------- total WBC count less than 4,000/mm3. It can indicate
drug toxicity, autoimmune disease, bone marrow failure, and some overwhelming infections
Leukocytosis ------- Correct Ans ---------- total WBC count greater than 10,000/mm3. It can
indicate inflammation, infection, some malignancies, trauma, dehydration, stress, steroid use,
and thyroid storm.
Neutropenia ------- Correct Ans ---------- neutrophil count less than 2,000/mm3. Occurs in clients
who have viral or overwhelming bacterial infections, or are undergoing radiation or
chemotherapy.
A nurse is reviewing strategies to promote comfort with a client who received an immunization.
Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. Massage the injection site.
B. Apply a cool compress to the injection site.
C. Take acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
D. Use the affected extremity.
E. Apply an antimicrobial ointment to the injection site. ------- Correct Ans ---------- B. Apply a
cool compress to the injection site.
, C. Take acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
D. Use the affected extremity.
A nurse is preparing to administer a varicella immunization to a client. Which of the following
questions should the nurse ask?
A. "Are you allergic to eggs?"
B. "Are you allergic to baker's yeast?"
C. "Are you pregnant?"
D. "Do you have a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome?" ------- Correct Ans ---------- C. Are you
pregnant
A nurse in an outpatient clinic is collecting data from a client who reports night sweats and
fatigue. The client's temperature is 38.1 C (100.6 F) orally. The client is afraid he has HIV. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all)
A. Measure vital signs.
B. Determine when manifestations began.
C. Weigh the client.
D. Reinforce teaching about opportunistic infections.
E. Obtain a sexual history. ------- Correct Ans ---------- A. Measure vital signs.
B. Determine when manifestations began.
C. Weigh the client.
E. Obtain a sexual history.
A nurse is caring for a client who is suspected of having HIV. Which of the following diagnostic
tests and laboratory values are used to confirm HIV infection? (Select all)
