BIO 152 EXAM 2 WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025
define phylogeny correct answers >> the relationships of an
organsim, in which the ogansims is though to have evolved, which
species it is most closely related to
phylogenetic relationships provide information correct answers
>> on shared ancestry but not necessarily on how organisms
are similar or different
phylogentic tree correct answers >> is a diagram used to
reflect evolutionary relationships among organsims or groups of
orgnams
what does a rooted tree mean correct answers >> there is a
signle ancestral lineage to which all organsims represented in the
diagram relate
what does an unrooted tree mean correct answers >> dont
show a common ancestor but do show relationship among species
define branch point correct answers >> the point where a
split ocurs, it represents where a single lineage evolved into a
distinct new one
define basal taxon correct answers >> a lineage that evolved
early from the root and remains unbranched
,define sister taxa correct answers >> when two lineages
stem from the same branch point
define polytomy correct answers >> a branch with more than
two lineages and serves to illustrate where scientists have not
definityvely determined all of the relations
Define taxonomy correct answers >> the science of naming
and classifying organisms (Dumb King Phillip Cried over falling
Grade Six(
what are the three large categories in the domain called
correct answers >> Bacteria, Archaer, and Eukarya
what are the catergories in the taconomic classification correct
answers >> Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Scientist generally refer to an organism only by its correct
answers >> genus
species
, (Binomiail nomenclature)
what are homologous structures correct answers >> they
stem from developmental similarites that are based on evolution
(common anscestory)
-ex. wings of bats and birds
what are analogy or homoplasy correct answers >> when
similar characteristics occur because of environmental contraints
and not due to a common ancestor
how can unrelated species look similar besides convergent
evolution correct answers >> - a mutation could have
occured that caused a shift in the genetic code (frameshift)
- an insertion or deltaion mutation would move each nucelotide
base over one place, causing two similar codes to appear
- could have high perecentage of bases in the same location
how do scientist construct phylogenetic trees correct answers
>> - after the homologous and analogous traits are sorted
- they organize homologous traits using a system called cladistics
Define cladistics system correct answers >> this system
sorts organims into clades: group of organisms that descended
from a single ancestor
define a clade correct answers >> a group of organims that
stem from a single point on the tree
ANSWERS 2025
define phylogeny correct answers >> the relationships of an
organsim, in which the ogansims is though to have evolved, which
species it is most closely related to
phylogenetic relationships provide information correct answers
>> on shared ancestry but not necessarily on how organisms
are similar or different
phylogentic tree correct answers >> is a diagram used to
reflect evolutionary relationships among organsims or groups of
orgnams
what does a rooted tree mean correct answers >> there is a
signle ancestral lineage to which all organsims represented in the
diagram relate
what does an unrooted tree mean correct answers >> dont
show a common ancestor but do show relationship among species
define branch point correct answers >> the point where a
split ocurs, it represents where a single lineage evolved into a
distinct new one
define basal taxon correct answers >> a lineage that evolved
early from the root and remains unbranched
,define sister taxa correct answers >> when two lineages
stem from the same branch point
define polytomy correct answers >> a branch with more than
two lineages and serves to illustrate where scientists have not
definityvely determined all of the relations
Define taxonomy correct answers >> the science of naming
and classifying organisms (Dumb King Phillip Cried over falling
Grade Six(
what are the three large categories in the domain called
correct answers >> Bacteria, Archaer, and Eukarya
what are the catergories in the taconomic classification correct
answers >> Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Scientist generally refer to an organism only by its correct
answers >> genus
species
, (Binomiail nomenclature)
what are homologous structures correct answers >> they
stem from developmental similarites that are based on evolution
(common anscestory)
-ex. wings of bats and birds
what are analogy or homoplasy correct answers >> when
similar characteristics occur because of environmental contraints
and not due to a common ancestor
how can unrelated species look similar besides convergent
evolution correct answers >> - a mutation could have
occured that caused a shift in the genetic code (frameshift)
- an insertion or deltaion mutation would move each nucelotide
base over one place, causing two similar codes to appear
- could have high perecentage of bases in the same location
how do scientist construct phylogenetic trees correct answers
>> - after the homologous and analogous traits are sorted
- they organize homologous traits using a system called cladistics
Define cladistics system correct answers >> this system
sorts organims into clades: group of organisms that descended
from a single ancestor
define a clade correct answers >> a group of organims that
stem from a single point on the tree
