7/5/25, 7:43 PM
A&E 3 TEST BANK EXAM 1 \ NEWEST VERSION \LATEST
VERSION WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS \ASSURED PASS ALREADY GRADED
A+
-central vision loss because of
the macula deteriorates over
time
what is age related macular
- most common RF is old age
degeneration (AMD)? whats -the two types of AMD are dry and wet
the most common RF? what dry is the slow breakdown of the
are the catorgories? retina with drusen
(yellow/white deposits)
wet is when there are more
blood vessels than needs to be
growing on the retina
classic symptoms: scotoma: blind
spots, central vision loss dry: gradual
AMD assessment? (know the
onset, degenerative (blurry central
difference between dry and
vision
wet s/s)
wet: neovascular exudates (straight lines appear
crooked) (neovascular exudates=new, abnormal blood
vessels grow under the retina)
there are stages of AMD which are early, intermediate and late
AMD
-vision acuity test (snellen chart)
-dilated eye exam (to see the macula and drusen)
AMD diagnosis
-amsler grid (a straight line grid to look at and if it is
distorted or missing you may have AMD)
/ 1/42
,7/5/25, 8:34 PM A&E 3 Exam 1
-place direct in front of your eyes
-use where there is even lighting with no glare
-wear reading glasses if needed when using it
-focus your eye on the middle black dot
-try to see if any lines are distored or missing
rules for how to use the -if you notice anything abnormal
amsler chart/grid for AMD while looking at the chart, draw
where you see the problem
-test each eye separately
-if the distortion is new or
worsen, see the doctor at once
-always keep the amsler chart at
the same distance every time you
test yourself
-causes by diabetes where high blood sugar levels
damage the tiny blood vessels in the retina
-can not be reversed
-legally blind is 20/200 or less in better eye with correction
-that means the person can see what can see at 20 feet
diabetic retinopathy, what is it?
what a person with normal vision can see at 200 feet
-“better eye with correction”=measurement is taken from your
best eye
-often has no symptoms until advanced stages
-can be prevented (i.e controlling blood sugars)
/ 2/42
,7/5/25, 8:34 PM A&E 3 Exam 1
-gradual vision loss
diabetic retinopathy s/s? -generalized blurriness
-areas of focal vision loss
-visual acuity testing (snellen chart)
-tonometry (eye pressure)
diabetic retinopathy
-pupil dilation
diagnosis?
-optical coherence tomography (OCT) (pictures of retina)
-laser therapy (seal the leaky vessels)
diabetic retinopathy txt? -vitectomy (remove the vitreous humor)
-manage DM, HTN, HLD, and hyperglycemia
to be considered blind you must have:
-central visual acuity of 20/200 worse in
corrected eye and/or visual
what is the legal blindness
field no greater than 20 degrees
criteria? what increases the
in widest diameter (normal
risk for blindness?
visual field is 180)
-chronic diseases such as DM
and HTN increases the risk of
visual impairment
-smoke detectors
nursing interventions for -help administer medications
persons with poor vision: -encourage patients 40 years and older to have an
think safety annual eye exam with IOP measurements
-text to speech software programs
-promote wearing sunglasses
-smoking cessation
nursing interventions for -antioxidant-rich foods (dark leafy greens, fish with omega-3
fatty acids)
persons with poor vision:
-control blood pressure/glucose/cholesterol
lifestyle & tools
-healthy weight
-wear a brimmed hat
-encourage patient to be more social and help care for
themselves
-usually anything that affects cirulation
-hypertension
what disease are related to -plasma hyperviscosity (blood is more stick)
hearing loss? -DM
-hyperlipidemia
/ 3/42
, 7/5/25, 8:34 PM A&E 3 Exam 1
-not as easily recognized as vision loss
hearing loss, is it easily -con lead to social withdraw
misdiagnosed? what could it -can be misinterpreted as cognitive impairment (aka learning
disability)
be interpreted as what
-cerumen build up (earwax can build up/harden in an
instead?
older adult which can lead into blockage)
what are the age related
-presbycusis (gradual hearing loss because of aging)
changes for hearing loss?
-age-related hearing loss
-sensorineural loss (inner ear loss)
-permanent damage (patient needs hearing aids)
prebycusis, where in the
-affects both ears
ear does it happen? how -affects more high pitches sounds
serious is it? what does the -more common and severe for men
patient need to get? -worsens with age
-nerve changes (sound is processed slowly)
dos:
-contact primary care provider
-used over the counter wax softener or baby oil
donts:
cerumen care (do's and donts)
-use cotton swabs inside the ear (dont put anything in the ear)
-use hydrogen peroxide
-use ear candles
-use ear vacuums
-turn off any external noise (i.e radio/tv)
-stand 2-3 feet in front of patient when talking
nursing interventions when
-try to lower the pitch of your voice with the patient
speaking with a hearing -speak slowly and clearly
impaired individual -use your normal tone
-not hearing aids
-help people with severe or profound
sensorineural hearing loss that
have already tried hearing aids
-surgically implanted
cochlear implants, what are -ideal candidate is someone who
they? already knows how to talk and
speak and now it deaf
-improves lip-reading ability (you can read lips)
-change the volume of the device
-safe to go through a MRI
/ 4/42
A&E 3 TEST BANK EXAM 1 \ NEWEST VERSION \LATEST
VERSION WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS \ASSURED PASS ALREADY GRADED
A+
-central vision loss because of
the macula deteriorates over
time
what is age related macular
- most common RF is old age
degeneration (AMD)? whats -the two types of AMD are dry and wet
the most common RF? what dry is the slow breakdown of the
are the catorgories? retina with drusen
(yellow/white deposits)
wet is when there are more
blood vessels than needs to be
growing on the retina
classic symptoms: scotoma: blind
spots, central vision loss dry: gradual
AMD assessment? (know the
onset, degenerative (blurry central
difference between dry and
vision
wet s/s)
wet: neovascular exudates (straight lines appear
crooked) (neovascular exudates=new, abnormal blood
vessels grow under the retina)
there are stages of AMD which are early, intermediate and late
AMD
-vision acuity test (snellen chart)
-dilated eye exam (to see the macula and drusen)
AMD diagnosis
-amsler grid (a straight line grid to look at and if it is
distorted or missing you may have AMD)
/ 1/42
,7/5/25, 8:34 PM A&E 3 Exam 1
-place direct in front of your eyes
-use where there is even lighting with no glare
-wear reading glasses if needed when using it
-focus your eye on the middle black dot
-try to see if any lines are distored or missing
rules for how to use the -if you notice anything abnormal
amsler chart/grid for AMD while looking at the chart, draw
where you see the problem
-test each eye separately
-if the distortion is new or
worsen, see the doctor at once
-always keep the amsler chart at
the same distance every time you
test yourself
-causes by diabetes where high blood sugar levels
damage the tiny blood vessels in the retina
-can not be reversed
-legally blind is 20/200 or less in better eye with correction
-that means the person can see what can see at 20 feet
diabetic retinopathy, what is it?
what a person with normal vision can see at 200 feet
-“better eye with correction”=measurement is taken from your
best eye
-often has no symptoms until advanced stages
-can be prevented (i.e controlling blood sugars)
/ 2/42
,7/5/25, 8:34 PM A&E 3 Exam 1
-gradual vision loss
diabetic retinopathy s/s? -generalized blurriness
-areas of focal vision loss
-visual acuity testing (snellen chart)
-tonometry (eye pressure)
diabetic retinopathy
-pupil dilation
diagnosis?
-optical coherence tomography (OCT) (pictures of retina)
-laser therapy (seal the leaky vessels)
diabetic retinopathy txt? -vitectomy (remove the vitreous humor)
-manage DM, HTN, HLD, and hyperglycemia
to be considered blind you must have:
-central visual acuity of 20/200 worse in
corrected eye and/or visual
what is the legal blindness
field no greater than 20 degrees
criteria? what increases the
in widest diameter (normal
risk for blindness?
visual field is 180)
-chronic diseases such as DM
and HTN increases the risk of
visual impairment
-smoke detectors
nursing interventions for -help administer medications
persons with poor vision: -encourage patients 40 years and older to have an
think safety annual eye exam with IOP measurements
-text to speech software programs
-promote wearing sunglasses
-smoking cessation
nursing interventions for -antioxidant-rich foods (dark leafy greens, fish with omega-3
fatty acids)
persons with poor vision:
-control blood pressure/glucose/cholesterol
lifestyle & tools
-healthy weight
-wear a brimmed hat
-encourage patient to be more social and help care for
themselves
-usually anything that affects cirulation
-hypertension
what disease are related to -plasma hyperviscosity (blood is more stick)
hearing loss? -DM
-hyperlipidemia
/ 3/42
, 7/5/25, 8:34 PM A&E 3 Exam 1
-not as easily recognized as vision loss
hearing loss, is it easily -con lead to social withdraw
misdiagnosed? what could it -can be misinterpreted as cognitive impairment (aka learning
disability)
be interpreted as what
-cerumen build up (earwax can build up/harden in an
instead?
older adult which can lead into blockage)
what are the age related
-presbycusis (gradual hearing loss because of aging)
changes for hearing loss?
-age-related hearing loss
-sensorineural loss (inner ear loss)
-permanent damage (patient needs hearing aids)
prebycusis, where in the
-affects both ears
ear does it happen? how -affects more high pitches sounds
serious is it? what does the -more common and severe for men
patient need to get? -worsens with age
-nerve changes (sound is processed slowly)
dos:
-contact primary care provider
-used over the counter wax softener or baby oil
donts:
cerumen care (do's and donts)
-use cotton swabs inside the ear (dont put anything in the ear)
-use hydrogen peroxide
-use ear candles
-use ear vacuums
-turn off any external noise (i.e radio/tv)
-stand 2-3 feet in front of patient when talking
nursing interventions when
-try to lower the pitch of your voice with the patient
speaking with a hearing -speak slowly and clearly
impaired individual -use your normal tone
-not hearing aids
-help people with severe or profound
sensorineural hearing loss that
have already tried hearing aids
-surgically implanted
cochlear implants, what are -ideal candidate is someone who
they? already knows how to talk and
speak and now it deaf
-improves lip-reading ability (you can read lips)
-change the volume of the device
-safe to go through a MRI
/ 4/42
