NUR 2459 Rasmussen Mental Health
Exam 1 Modules 1-3
what are some psychiatric historical events that have occurred in the early psychiatric era? VERIFIED
ANS: 18th century- state asylums created, 600,000 residents were in them, 1st school or psychiatric
nursing was created in 1882, deinstitutionalization, shift in role of the nurse from custodial care to
professional care.
explain what early use of phenothiazine was for in early psych nursing. VERIFIED ANS: it was discovered
to help control psychotic behaviors and improve/ clear thinking.
what were the two nursing interventions associated with somatic therapy in early psych nursing?
VERIFIED ANS: insulin therapy
ECT therapy
explain significance of insulin therapy in the early psych era. VERIFIED ANS: insulin was administered
until the client was comatose, this could kill the patient because the blood sugar could drop below
normal levels, but it helped relive psych symptoms.
explain significance of early ECT therapy. VERIFIED ANS: an electrical stimulus was given to the brain
with the result of a grand-map seizure. now we can control the shock given and give medications to
sedate the client and stimulate the seizure and for proper monitoring throughout the procedure.
explain what deinstitutionalization is. VERIFIED ANS: there was a massive discharge of psychiatric
patients from mental hospitals back to their original communities.
what is significant about the impact of deinstitutionalization? VERIFIED ANS: many of the psych patients
who needed services were forced onto the streets, potentially leading them to more harm and crime.
3 main reasons deinstitutionalization was initiated. VERIFIED ANS: the belief that treatment in the
hospitals was inhumane
,hope that medications would offer a cure
lack of funding at the state and federal level
what is the order of maslows hierarchy of needs bottom to top? VERIFIED ANS: physiological needs-
safety need- love and belong needs- self esteem- self actualization
what is important to know about maslows hierarchy of needs? VERIFIED ANS: motivation is continuous
quest for self actualization, can reverse levels based on life circumstances, lower level needs must be
met first before advancement to higher level psychological needs.
examples of psychotherapy VERIFIED ANS: behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, didactical behavior
therapy
based on a verbal therapist to client interaction
examples of open environment therapies VERIFIED ANS: family, group and milieu therapy
examples of Brian stimulation techniques VERIFIED ANS: ECT, trans-cranial magnetic stimulation, vagus
nerve stimulation
explain what behavioral therapy is. VERIFIED ANS: aims to modify maladaptive behavior patterns.
based that a behavior is learned and has consequences and abnormal behavior results from an attempt
to avoid painful feelings and reduce anxiety.
what is the nurses role with behavioral therapy? VERIFIED ANS: Role of the nurse: to use the nursing
process to assist the client with behavior modification. This can be through 1 on 1 groups, different ways
like classical and operant conditioning
explain what cognitive therapy is. VERIFIED ANS: focuses on individual client thoughts and behaviors to
solve current problems.
,Based on changing the way one thinks.
what is the role of the nurse with cognitive therapy? VERIFIED ANS: the nurse will plan psychoeducation,
use of the therapeutic relationship and counseling interventions. They also reevaluate to determine if
intervention was successful with the therapy.
explain what cognitive behavioral therapy is (CBT) VERIFIED ANS: uses both cognitive and behavioral
approaches to assist a client with anxiety management.
explain what family therapy is VERIFIED ANS: therapy based on family dynamics and improving family
functioning by learning the ways for dealing with mental illness in the family, improving understanding
among family members, maximizing positive interaction with family members.
explain what milieu therapy is VERIFIED ANS: creates an environment that is supportive and therapeutic
and safe to benefit clients and promote coping within a safe place.
explain what group therapy is VERIFIED ANS: therapy focused on helping individuals develop more
functional and satisfying reactions within a group setting with common feelings, experiences and
thoughts that lead to positive behavior changes from interaction and feedback.
explain what ECT is used today VERIFIED ANS: the induction of a grand-mal seizure through the
application of electrical currents to the brain during anesthesia.
Electrodes are placed bilaterally and an appropriate dose of electrical current is sent through the brain
to enhance the effects of certain neurotransmitters.
what types of disorders can ECT help with? VERIFIED ANS: Used as a last resort in depression, mania,
schizophrenia, and psychosis when medication and treatment has failed.
side effects from ECT VERIFIED ANS: confusion and memory loss, headache
, what is the role of the nurse during ECT? VERIFIED ANS: often during the pre-op and post-op phases.
Complete assessment should be completed before the client goes back to the procedure, including
medication reconciliation and a signed consent form. places the IV, gives pre procedure medications,
takes vitals before and after procedure. after procedure : placing the patient on the side, orient the
client, describe what happened, allow the patient to have therapeutic communication based on their
feelings, assisting them as needed until fully awake.
what will actually happen during the ECT procedure? VERIFIED ANS: When in the treatment room, the
nurse will help position the patient while the CRNA gives the patient a short acting anesthetic and
medication to induce the seizure.a bp cuff, pulse ox and oxygen may be given as needed and a bite block
and electrodes to monitor EKG.once asleep, the provider will decide how much electricity the client will
get and will shock the client and monitor for any changes, the CRNA will wake the patient up when
finished, all people in the room will monitor for adverse reactions.
medications that may be given during ECT VERIFIED ANS: atropine sulfate, succinylcholine, sedative
medication and medication to help client relax.
what is trans-cranial magnetic stimulation? VERIFIED ANS: a noninvasive therapy that uses magnetic
pulsations to stimulate the cerebral cortex of the brain for those with depression who have not been
responsive to medications.
What is vagus nerve stimulation? VERIFIED ANS: provides electrical stimulation through the vagus nerve
of the brain through a surgically implanted device to increase neurotransmitter levels to treat
depression resistant to other methods of treatment and medication.
which system is responsible for how the body changes with stress? VERIFIED ANS: fight or flight system-
everyone will react differently
explain what stress is. VERIFIED ANS: maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal or external
environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings and behaviors that are incongruent with the local and
cultural norms, and interfere with the individual, social, occupational and physical functioning.
which two defense mechanisms are always healthy? VERIFIED ANS: alturism and sublimation
Exam 1 Modules 1-3
what are some psychiatric historical events that have occurred in the early psychiatric era? VERIFIED
ANS: 18th century- state asylums created, 600,000 residents were in them, 1st school or psychiatric
nursing was created in 1882, deinstitutionalization, shift in role of the nurse from custodial care to
professional care.
explain what early use of phenothiazine was for in early psych nursing. VERIFIED ANS: it was discovered
to help control psychotic behaviors and improve/ clear thinking.
what were the two nursing interventions associated with somatic therapy in early psych nursing?
VERIFIED ANS: insulin therapy
ECT therapy
explain significance of insulin therapy in the early psych era. VERIFIED ANS: insulin was administered
until the client was comatose, this could kill the patient because the blood sugar could drop below
normal levels, but it helped relive psych symptoms.
explain significance of early ECT therapy. VERIFIED ANS: an electrical stimulus was given to the brain
with the result of a grand-map seizure. now we can control the shock given and give medications to
sedate the client and stimulate the seizure and for proper monitoring throughout the procedure.
explain what deinstitutionalization is. VERIFIED ANS: there was a massive discharge of psychiatric
patients from mental hospitals back to their original communities.
what is significant about the impact of deinstitutionalization? VERIFIED ANS: many of the psych patients
who needed services were forced onto the streets, potentially leading them to more harm and crime.
3 main reasons deinstitutionalization was initiated. VERIFIED ANS: the belief that treatment in the
hospitals was inhumane
,hope that medications would offer a cure
lack of funding at the state and federal level
what is the order of maslows hierarchy of needs bottom to top? VERIFIED ANS: physiological needs-
safety need- love and belong needs- self esteem- self actualization
what is important to know about maslows hierarchy of needs? VERIFIED ANS: motivation is continuous
quest for self actualization, can reverse levels based on life circumstances, lower level needs must be
met first before advancement to higher level psychological needs.
examples of psychotherapy VERIFIED ANS: behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, didactical behavior
therapy
based on a verbal therapist to client interaction
examples of open environment therapies VERIFIED ANS: family, group and milieu therapy
examples of Brian stimulation techniques VERIFIED ANS: ECT, trans-cranial magnetic stimulation, vagus
nerve stimulation
explain what behavioral therapy is. VERIFIED ANS: aims to modify maladaptive behavior patterns.
based that a behavior is learned and has consequences and abnormal behavior results from an attempt
to avoid painful feelings and reduce anxiety.
what is the nurses role with behavioral therapy? VERIFIED ANS: Role of the nurse: to use the nursing
process to assist the client with behavior modification. This can be through 1 on 1 groups, different ways
like classical and operant conditioning
explain what cognitive therapy is. VERIFIED ANS: focuses on individual client thoughts and behaviors to
solve current problems.
,Based on changing the way one thinks.
what is the role of the nurse with cognitive therapy? VERIFIED ANS: the nurse will plan psychoeducation,
use of the therapeutic relationship and counseling interventions. They also reevaluate to determine if
intervention was successful with the therapy.
explain what cognitive behavioral therapy is (CBT) VERIFIED ANS: uses both cognitive and behavioral
approaches to assist a client with anxiety management.
explain what family therapy is VERIFIED ANS: therapy based on family dynamics and improving family
functioning by learning the ways for dealing with mental illness in the family, improving understanding
among family members, maximizing positive interaction with family members.
explain what milieu therapy is VERIFIED ANS: creates an environment that is supportive and therapeutic
and safe to benefit clients and promote coping within a safe place.
explain what group therapy is VERIFIED ANS: therapy focused on helping individuals develop more
functional and satisfying reactions within a group setting with common feelings, experiences and
thoughts that lead to positive behavior changes from interaction and feedback.
explain what ECT is used today VERIFIED ANS: the induction of a grand-mal seizure through the
application of electrical currents to the brain during anesthesia.
Electrodes are placed bilaterally and an appropriate dose of electrical current is sent through the brain
to enhance the effects of certain neurotransmitters.
what types of disorders can ECT help with? VERIFIED ANS: Used as a last resort in depression, mania,
schizophrenia, and psychosis when medication and treatment has failed.
side effects from ECT VERIFIED ANS: confusion and memory loss, headache
, what is the role of the nurse during ECT? VERIFIED ANS: often during the pre-op and post-op phases.
Complete assessment should be completed before the client goes back to the procedure, including
medication reconciliation and a signed consent form. places the IV, gives pre procedure medications,
takes vitals before and after procedure. after procedure : placing the patient on the side, orient the
client, describe what happened, allow the patient to have therapeutic communication based on their
feelings, assisting them as needed until fully awake.
what will actually happen during the ECT procedure? VERIFIED ANS: When in the treatment room, the
nurse will help position the patient while the CRNA gives the patient a short acting anesthetic and
medication to induce the seizure.a bp cuff, pulse ox and oxygen may be given as needed and a bite block
and electrodes to monitor EKG.once asleep, the provider will decide how much electricity the client will
get and will shock the client and monitor for any changes, the CRNA will wake the patient up when
finished, all people in the room will monitor for adverse reactions.
medications that may be given during ECT VERIFIED ANS: atropine sulfate, succinylcholine, sedative
medication and medication to help client relax.
what is trans-cranial magnetic stimulation? VERIFIED ANS: a noninvasive therapy that uses magnetic
pulsations to stimulate the cerebral cortex of the brain for those with depression who have not been
responsive to medications.
What is vagus nerve stimulation? VERIFIED ANS: provides electrical stimulation through the vagus nerve
of the brain through a surgically implanted device to increase neurotransmitter levels to treat
depression resistant to other methods of treatment and medication.
which system is responsible for how the body changes with stress? VERIFIED ANS: fight or flight system-
everyone will react differently
explain what stress is. VERIFIED ANS: maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal or external
environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings and behaviors that are incongruent with the local and
cultural norms, and interfere with the individual, social, occupational and physical functioning.
which two defense mechanisms are always healthy? VERIFIED ANS: alturism and sublimation
