Advanced Nursing 6001
Patients with COPD when they first start coughing the cough is referred to as: ANS: Smoker's cough
When a person starts Chantix, they need to set a goal such as... ANS: 1 week to quit smoking
If they are using nicotine gum, they need to chew the gum until... ANS: it becomes soft and then place in
the buccal mucosa.
A chronic cough is a cough that lasts longer than ANS: 8 weeks
Behavioral steps of smoking cessation: ANS: Precontemplation; Preparation; Action; Maintenance
The major muscle of inspiration is the ANS: diaphragm
An average cigarette contains ANS: 15-20mg nicotine
Cigarette smoking can increase the risk of a... ANS: pneumothorax
Key characteristics of asthma are ANS: chronic airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness
with intermittent, reversible airway obstruction.
Asthma attacks are characterized by two phases- ANS: the early response and the late response.
Asthma - The early response is primarily related to ANS: bronchospasm and bronchoconstriction It peaks
within 30 minutes and resolves within 3 hours.
,Asthma - A late response can occur.... ANS: a few hours after the early response. This phase is related to
airway edema and mucus production.
Two medications to take for asthma ANS: A long-acting beta agonist and an inhaled corticosteroid
should be taken with asthma.
A patient on theophylline needs to have levels checked and they need to remain between ANS: 5-
15MCG/ml.
Examples of LABA for asthma ANS: Salmeterol xinafoate (also sold as Serevent
Formoterol fumarate (also sold as Foradil)
AlbuterolSulfate
Combination LABA and Inhaled Corticosteriods ANS: Fluticasone propionate and salmeterol xinafoate
(Sold as Advair Diskus)* * Approved for children 4 and over. Advair contains two active components. In
addition to the long-acting beta-agonists, salmeterol xinafoate, it also contains an inhaled corticosteroid,
fluticasone propionate
If patient does not wish to quit smoking should you continue to ask them at every visit about their plan
to quit? ANS: Yes
Because of the narrow therapeutic window of theophylline and its many side effects, physicians should
monitor the following in the patient: ANS: The heart rate of the patient
CNS effects (headache, insomnia, irritability)
The respiratory rate
Patient's arterial or capillary blood gases
The patient's electrolyte concentrations, fluid balance, and acid-base balance require monitoring during
prolonged IV therapy.
, Serum theophylline concentrations should be checked after what type of changes? ANS: after the
initiation of therapy, before increasing dose, and if any signs or symptoms of toxicity appear. Worsening
of the current illness, an occurrence of a new illness, or any change in the patient's treatment protocol
that may alter theophylline clearance should also prompt the physician to check serum concentrations
of theophylline.
For patients taking oral theophylline treatment, monitor serum concentrations at what intervals (baring
any other changes0 ANS: 6-month intervals for rapidly developing children and at annual intervals for all
other patients (if their symptoms are well controlled).
The most common cause of bacterial pharyngitis ANS: Group A strep and should be treated with PCN.
Asthma Classification Mild Intermittent ANS: Symptoms </= 2 days per week,
nighttime awakenings </= 2 times per month, an inhaler is required </= 2 days per week, and the FEV1 is
>80% of predicted. PEF < 20%
- SABA PRN
Types of PCNto treat bacterial pharyngitis ANS: amoxicillin (brand names Alphamox, Amoxil, Cilamox,
Ibiamox, Fisamox) - Preferred
Potential alternatives for mild reactions to penicillin ANS: Cephalosporins - Cephalexin* (first
generation)
Cefadroxil* (first generation)
Emphysema ANS: is a form of COPD that is an abnormal, permanent enlargement of the acini
accompanied by the destruction of the alveolar walls. The barrel-chest characteristic of emphysema is a
result of hyperinflation.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may sound like a single condition, but it includes three
kinds of lung disease: ANS: chronic bronchitis; emphysema; chronic obstructive asthma.
Patients with COPD when they first start coughing the cough is referred to as: ANS: Smoker's cough
When a person starts Chantix, they need to set a goal such as... ANS: 1 week to quit smoking
If they are using nicotine gum, they need to chew the gum until... ANS: it becomes soft and then place in
the buccal mucosa.
A chronic cough is a cough that lasts longer than ANS: 8 weeks
Behavioral steps of smoking cessation: ANS: Precontemplation; Preparation; Action; Maintenance
The major muscle of inspiration is the ANS: diaphragm
An average cigarette contains ANS: 15-20mg nicotine
Cigarette smoking can increase the risk of a... ANS: pneumothorax
Key characteristics of asthma are ANS: chronic airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness
with intermittent, reversible airway obstruction.
Asthma attacks are characterized by two phases- ANS: the early response and the late response.
Asthma - The early response is primarily related to ANS: bronchospasm and bronchoconstriction It peaks
within 30 minutes and resolves within 3 hours.
,Asthma - A late response can occur.... ANS: a few hours after the early response. This phase is related to
airway edema and mucus production.
Two medications to take for asthma ANS: A long-acting beta agonist and an inhaled corticosteroid
should be taken with asthma.
A patient on theophylline needs to have levels checked and they need to remain between ANS: 5-
15MCG/ml.
Examples of LABA for asthma ANS: Salmeterol xinafoate (also sold as Serevent
Formoterol fumarate (also sold as Foradil)
AlbuterolSulfate
Combination LABA and Inhaled Corticosteriods ANS: Fluticasone propionate and salmeterol xinafoate
(Sold as Advair Diskus)* * Approved for children 4 and over. Advair contains two active components. In
addition to the long-acting beta-agonists, salmeterol xinafoate, it also contains an inhaled corticosteroid,
fluticasone propionate
If patient does not wish to quit smoking should you continue to ask them at every visit about their plan
to quit? ANS: Yes
Because of the narrow therapeutic window of theophylline and its many side effects, physicians should
monitor the following in the patient: ANS: The heart rate of the patient
CNS effects (headache, insomnia, irritability)
The respiratory rate
Patient's arterial or capillary blood gases
The patient's electrolyte concentrations, fluid balance, and acid-base balance require monitoring during
prolonged IV therapy.
, Serum theophylline concentrations should be checked after what type of changes? ANS: after the
initiation of therapy, before increasing dose, and if any signs or symptoms of toxicity appear. Worsening
of the current illness, an occurrence of a new illness, or any change in the patient's treatment protocol
that may alter theophylline clearance should also prompt the physician to check serum concentrations
of theophylline.
For patients taking oral theophylline treatment, monitor serum concentrations at what intervals (baring
any other changes0 ANS: 6-month intervals for rapidly developing children and at annual intervals for all
other patients (if their symptoms are well controlled).
The most common cause of bacterial pharyngitis ANS: Group A strep and should be treated with PCN.
Asthma Classification Mild Intermittent ANS: Symptoms </= 2 days per week,
nighttime awakenings </= 2 times per month, an inhaler is required </= 2 days per week, and the FEV1 is
>80% of predicted. PEF < 20%
- SABA PRN
Types of PCNto treat bacterial pharyngitis ANS: amoxicillin (brand names Alphamox, Amoxil, Cilamox,
Ibiamox, Fisamox) - Preferred
Potential alternatives for mild reactions to penicillin ANS: Cephalosporins - Cephalexin* (first
generation)
Cefadroxil* (first generation)
Emphysema ANS: is a form of COPD that is an abnormal, permanent enlargement of the acini
accompanied by the destruction of the alveolar walls. The barrel-chest characteristic of emphysema is a
result of hyperinflation.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may sound like a single condition, but it includes three
kinds of lung disease: ANS: chronic bronchitis; emphysema; chronic obstructive asthma.
