BIO 161 PSU EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+ NEWLY UPDATED 2025

BIO 161 PSU EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+ NEWLY UPDATED 2025 endocrine system - Ans →glands secret hormones directly to the blood nervous tissue - Ans →fast and direct to target functions of neurons - Ans →excitable, conductive, secrete neurotransmitters, respond to stimuli dendrites - Ans →receive signals from other neurons cell body - Ans →contain nucleus axons - Ans →can be myelinated or not, help with faster transmission synapse - Ans →point in between two neurons unipolar neurons - Ans →axon branches off cell body in two places type of neurons are sensory neurons - Ans →unipolar multipolar neurons - Ans →all dendrites go directly into the soma bipolar neuron - Ans →1 dendrite enters soma, 1 axon exits soma bipolar neuron - Ans → unipolar neuron - Ans → multipolar neuron - Ans → neuroglia - Ans →supporting cells in the nervous systems supporting cells in CNS - Ans →oligodendrocytes supporting cells PNS - Ans →schwann cells Parts of an axon - Ans →endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium endoneurium - Ans →made of schwann cell and axon perineurium - Ans →bundles into fasciles epineurium - Ans →outer layer to the axon made of dense irregular tissue circuits - Ans →allow body to respond to a stimuli to get back to homeostasis through the spinal cord meninges - Ans →dura, arachnoid, pia white matter - Ans →made of axons gray matter - Ans →made of cell bodies afferent neurons - Ans →detect stimuli, delivery sensory info afferent neurons enter info to the - Ans →dorsal root efferent neurons - Ans →delivery motor information to the target muscles or glands efferent neurons deliver info through the - Ans →ventral root interneurons - Ans →integrate sensory and motor information current - Ans →flow of charges particles from one point to another, require voltage potential - Ans →difference in electrical charge between inside and outside of the neurotransmitters chemical concentration gradient - Ans →caused by a diffusion high to low with Na+ channels opening electrical gradient - Ans →ions drawn to the opposite charge electrical gradient causes Na+ to - Ans →high outside electrical gradient causes K+ to - Ans →exiting the cell electrical gradient causes cell to be - Ans →more negative electrochemical gradient - Ans →where ions flow naturally resting potential - Ans →--70mV, caused by the movement of particles local graded potentials - Ans →fades farther from the stimuli, causes a change in rpm with movement of ions graded potentials cause action potentials with - Ans →excitatory signals regulate graded potentials - Ans →gated channels chemically gated channels - Ans →specific molecules bind to a receptor on a postsynaptic neuron channels in interneurons - Ans →chemically gated channels voltage gated channels - Ans →opens when the membrane potential changes mechanically gated channels - Ans →open with a physical force channels in the PNS - Ans →chemically, voltage, mechanically depolarization - Ans →make cell more positive