McCance Huether Pathophysiology Test 1Questions AND Correct Answers
-blastoma - ✔✔ from blasts or immature cells- neuroblastoma
-oma - ✔✔ benign tumor- lipoma
1/3 - ✔✔ ___ of all cancers have an activating mutation of RAS
10-20 years - ✔✔ how long does it take for HPV infection to cause CA?
10. The fluid mosaic model explains:
a.
How a cell membrane functions
b.
Why our bodies appear to be solid
c.
How tissue is differentiated
d.
How fluid moves between the intracellular and extracellular compartments - ✔✔ ANS: A
The fluid mosaic model accounts for the flexibility of cellular membranes, their self-sealing properties,
and their impermeability to many substances. The remaining options do not explain the mosaic
model.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 12 | What's New box
11. Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell itself and with other
cells in direct physical contact?
a.
Protein channel (gap junction)
b.
,Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors)
c.
Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters
d.
Extracellular chemical messengers such as ligands - ✔✔ ANS: A
Cells communicate by using hundreds of kinds of signal molecules, for example, insulin. Cells
communicate in three main ways; they display plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules
(receptors) that affect the cell itself and other cells in direct physical contact. The other options do not
correctly describe this process.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 20
14. Neurotransmitters affect the postsynaptic membrane by binding to:
a.
Lipids
b.
Ribosomes
c.
Amphipathic lipids
d.
Receptors - ✔✔ ANS: D
In each type of chemical signaling, the target cell receives the signal by first attaching to its receptors.
The other options do not correctly describe this process.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 17
15. How do cells receive communication from the extracellular fluid surrounding them?
,a.
Protein channel (gap junction)
b.
Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors)
c.
Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters
d.
Chemical messengers such as ligands - ✔✔ ANS: D
Cellular communication can occur by the binding of a chemical massager (a ligand) to a specific
membrane receptor that is closely associated with the channel (e.g., G proteins). The other options do
not correctly describe how cells communicate.
PTS: 1 REF: Pages 21-22
16. When a second message is necessary for extracellular communication to be activated, it is
provided by which one?
a.
Guanosine triphosphate (GTP)
b.
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)
c.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
d.
Guanosine diphosphate (GDP) - ✔✔ ANS: B
The two major second messenger pathways are cyclic AMP (cAMP) and calcium (Ca++).
17. Under anaerobic conditions, what process provides energy for the cell?
, a.
Oxidative phosphorylation
b.
Glycolysis
c.
Lactolysis
d.
Passive transport - ✔✔ ANS: B
Glycolysis produces a net of two molecules of ATP per glucose molecule through the process of
oxidation or the removal and transfer of a pair of electrons. The other options do not correctly
identify an anaerobic process that provides energy to the cell.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 28
18. What is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids is
transferred to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
a.
Anaerobic glycolysis
b.
Oxidative cellular metabolism
c.
Oxidative phosphorylation
d.
-blastoma - ✔✔ from blasts or immature cells- neuroblastoma
-oma - ✔✔ benign tumor- lipoma
1/3 - ✔✔ ___ of all cancers have an activating mutation of RAS
10-20 years - ✔✔ how long does it take for HPV infection to cause CA?
10. The fluid mosaic model explains:
a.
How a cell membrane functions
b.
Why our bodies appear to be solid
c.
How tissue is differentiated
d.
How fluid moves between the intracellular and extracellular compartments - ✔✔ ANS: A
The fluid mosaic model accounts for the flexibility of cellular membranes, their self-sealing properties,
and their impermeability to many substances. The remaining options do not explain the mosaic
model.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 12 | What's New box
11. Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell itself and with other
cells in direct physical contact?
a.
Protein channel (gap junction)
b.
,Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors)
c.
Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters
d.
Extracellular chemical messengers such as ligands - ✔✔ ANS: A
Cells communicate by using hundreds of kinds of signal molecules, for example, insulin. Cells
communicate in three main ways; they display plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules
(receptors) that affect the cell itself and other cells in direct physical contact. The other options do not
correctly describe this process.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 20
14. Neurotransmitters affect the postsynaptic membrane by binding to:
a.
Lipids
b.
Ribosomes
c.
Amphipathic lipids
d.
Receptors - ✔✔ ANS: D
In each type of chemical signaling, the target cell receives the signal by first attaching to its receptors.
The other options do not correctly describe this process.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 17
15. How do cells receive communication from the extracellular fluid surrounding them?
,a.
Protein channel (gap junction)
b.
Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors)
c.
Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters
d.
Chemical messengers such as ligands - ✔✔ ANS: D
Cellular communication can occur by the binding of a chemical massager (a ligand) to a specific
membrane receptor that is closely associated with the channel (e.g., G proteins). The other options do
not correctly describe how cells communicate.
PTS: 1 REF: Pages 21-22
16. When a second message is necessary for extracellular communication to be activated, it is
provided by which one?
a.
Guanosine triphosphate (GTP)
b.
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)
c.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
d.
Guanosine diphosphate (GDP) - ✔✔ ANS: B
The two major second messenger pathways are cyclic AMP (cAMP) and calcium (Ca++).
17. Under anaerobic conditions, what process provides energy for the cell?
, a.
Oxidative phosphorylation
b.
Glycolysis
c.
Lactolysis
d.
Passive transport - ✔✔ ANS: B
Glycolysis produces a net of two molecules of ATP per glucose molecule through the process of
oxidation or the removal and transfer of a pair of electrons. The other options do not correctly
identify an anaerobic process that provides energy to the cell.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 28
18. What is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids is
transferred to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
a.
Anaerobic glycolysis
b.
Oxidative cellular metabolism
c.
Oxidative phosphorylation
d.
