Biology Semester 1 Final Exam
Questions with Verified Answers
What is the quick energy molecule used by organelles? - ANSWERSATP
Write the chemical formula for photosynthesis. - ANSWERS6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6
+ 6O2
Name the reactants of photosynthesis. - ANSWERSWater, CO2, sunlight energy
Name the products of photosynthesis. - ANSWERSOxygen, glucose
List the two phases of photosynthesis. - ANSWERSLight dependent reactions, light
independent reactions
In photosynthesis, what is light energy converted into? - ANSWERSChemical energy
In photosynthesis, what is the end result of the second phase? - ANSWERSSimple
sugars
What's the job of a thylakoid? - ANSWERSProvide energy in the chemiosmosis process
What's the job of a stroma? - ANSWERSHost the Calvin Cycle
What happens to the electrons as they pass down the electron transport chain? -
ANSWERSThey are passed down from protein to protein releasing energy
How are the electrons that are lost from chlorophyll molecules replaced so that it can
absorb light energy again? - ANSWERSMolecules of water are split in the first
photosystem (photolysis)
What is the other name given to the light independent reactions? - ANSWERSCalvin
Cycle
Write the chemical formula for cellular respiration. - ANSWERSC₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → CO₂ +
H₂O
What are the reactants of cellular respiration? - ANSWERSOxygen, glucose
, What are the products of cellular respiration? - ANSWERSATP, CO2, water
How many ATP molecules are formed during Glycolysis? - ANSWERS2
How many ATP molecules are formed during the Citric Acid Cycle? - ANSWERS1
How many ATP molecules are formed during the Electron Transport Chain? -
ANSWERS32
How are the Calvin Cycle and the Kreb Cycle similar? - ANSWERSMolecules used in
the first reaction are also one of the end products
Name the anaerobic process that occurs after glycolysis. - ANSWERSLactic Acid
Fermentation
Explain Lactic Acid Fermentation. - ANSWERSProcess that supplies energy when
oxygen is scarce
Explain Alcoholic Fermentation. - ANSWERSUsed by yeast cells and some bacteria to
produce CO2 and ethyl alcohol
What is heredity? - ANSWERSPassing on of characteristics from parents to offspring
What is genetics? - ANSWERSBranch of biology that studies heredity
Contrast genotype and phenotype. - ANSWERSGenotype-allele combination
Phenotype-physical appearance
What is fertilization? - ANSWERSMale and female gametes unite
What is the rule of dominance? - ANSWERSDominant traits always overshadow
recessive traits
(1) What is the law of segregation? (2) When does it occur in meiosis? - ANSWERS(1)
Every individual has two alleles of each gene and when gametes are produced each
gamete receives one of these alleles.
(2) Anaphase II, Telophase II, and Cytokinesis
Homozygous dominant example. - ANSWERSAA
Homozygous recessive example. - ANSWERSaa
Heterozygous example. - ANSWERSAa
What is an allele? - ANSWERSDifferent gene forms
Questions with Verified Answers
What is the quick energy molecule used by organelles? - ANSWERSATP
Write the chemical formula for photosynthesis. - ANSWERS6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6
+ 6O2
Name the reactants of photosynthesis. - ANSWERSWater, CO2, sunlight energy
Name the products of photosynthesis. - ANSWERSOxygen, glucose
List the two phases of photosynthesis. - ANSWERSLight dependent reactions, light
independent reactions
In photosynthesis, what is light energy converted into? - ANSWERSChemical energy
In photosynthesis, what is the end result of the second phase? - ANSWERSSimple
sugars
What's the job of a thylakoid? - ANSWERSProvide energy in the chemiosmosis process
What's the job of a stroma? - ANSWERSHost the Calvin Cycle
What happens to the electrons as they pass down the electron transport chain? -
ANSWERSThey are passed down from protein to protein releasing energy
How are the electrons that are lost from chlorophyll molecules replaced so that it can
absorb light energy again? - ANSWERSMolecules of water are split in the first
photosystem (photolysis)
What is the other name given to the light independent reactions? - ANSWERSCalvin
Cycle
Write the chemical formula for cellular respiration. - ANSWERSC₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → CO₂ +
H₂O
What are the reactants of cellular respiration? - ANSWERSOxygen, glucose
, What are the products of cellular respiration? - ANSWERSATP, CO2, water
How many ATP molecules are formed during Glycolysis? - ANSWERS2
How many ATP molecules are formed during the Citric Acid Cycle? - ANSWERS1
How many ATP molecules are formed during the Electron Transport Chain? -
ANSWERS32
How are the Calvin Cycle and the Kreb Cycle similar? - ANSWERSMolecules used in
the first reaction are also one of the end products
Name the anaerobic process that occurs after glycolysis. - ANSWERSLactic Acid
Fermentation
Explain Lactic Acid Fermentation. - ANSWERSProcess that supplies energy when
oxygen is scarce
Explain Alcoholic Fermentation. - ANSWERSUsed by yeast cells and some bacteria to
produce CO2 and ethyl alcohol
What is heredity? - ANSWERSPassing on of characteristics from parents to offspring
What is genetics? - ANSWERSBranch of biology that studies heredity
Contrast genotype and phenotype. - ANSWERSGenotype-allele combination
Phenotype-physical appearance
What is fertilization? - ANSWERSMale and female gametes unite
What is the rule of dominance? - ANSWERSDominant traits always overshadow
recessive traits
(1) What is the law of segregation? (2) When does it occur in meiosis? - ANSWERS(1)
Every individual has two alleles of each gene and when gametes are produced each
gamete receives one of these alleles.
(2) Anaphase II, Telophase II, and Cytokinesis
Homozygous dominant example. - ANSWERSAA
Homozygous recessive example. - ANSWERSaa
Heterozygous example. - ANSWERSAa
What is an allele? - ANSWERSDifferent gene forms
