cardiovascular NCLEX Questions with 100% Correct Answers

A 65-year-old male develops blockage in the pulmonary artery. As a result of the blockage, blood would first back up into the: a. Aorta b. Left ventricle c. Pulmonary veins d. Right ventricle - ANSWERSd. Right ventricle A nurse is teaching about the heart. Which information should the nurse include? The chamber of the heart that generates the highest pressure is the: a. Right atrium b. Left atrium c. Left ventricle d. Right ventricle - ANSWERSc. Left ventricle A nurse recalls the chamber that receives blood from the systemic circulation is the: a. Right atrium b. Right ventricle c. Left atrium d. Left ventricle - ANSWERSa. Right atrium Which statement indicates the nurse understands blood flow? Oxygenated blood flows through the: a. Superior vena cava b. Pulmonary veins c. Pulmonary artery d. Cardiac veins - ANSWERSb. Pulmonary veins The nurse is planning care for a patient with heart problems. Which information should the nurse remember? The _____ artery travels down the interventricular septum and delivers blood to portions of the left and right ventricle. a. Right coronary b. Circumflex c. Left anterior descending d. Cardiac - ANSWERSc. Left anterior descending When a staff member asks where venous blood from the coronary circulation drains into, what is the best response by the nurse? The: a. Superior vena cava b. Inferior vena cava c. Right atrium d. Reft atrium - ANSWERSc. Right atrium While viewing the electrocardiogram, the nurse recalls the _____ conducts action potentials down the atrioventricular septum. a. Bachmann bundle b. Bundle of His c. Sinoatrial node d. Atrioventricular node - ANSWERSb. Bundle of His A 13-year-old female took a weight loss drug that activated the sympathetic nervous system. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect? a. Decreased myocardial contraction b. Decreased heart rate c. Increased cardiac conduction d. Increased intranodal conduction time - ANSWERSc. Increased cardiac conduction A 50-year-old female received trauma to the chest that caused severe impairment of the primary pacemaker cells of the heart. Which of the following areas received the greatest damage? a. Atrioventricular (AV) node b. Sinoatrial (SA) node c. Bundle of His d. Ventricles - ANSWERSb. Sinoatrial (SA) node A nurse assesses the heart after acetylcholine because the effect of acetylcholine on the heart is to a. Decrease the refractory period b. Increase calcium influx c. Increase the strength of myocardial contraction d. Decrease the heart rate - ANSWERSd. Decrease the heart rate A nurse is discussing the pressure generated at the end of diastole. Which term is the nurse describing? a. Preload b. Afterload c. Systemic vascular resistance d. Total peripheral resistance - ANSWERSa. Preload Which principle should the nurse remember when planning nursing care for a patient with heart problems? As stated by the Frank-Starling law, there is a direct relationship between the _____ of the blood in the heart at the end of diastole and the _____ of contraction during the next systole. a. Pressure, duration b. Volume, force c. Viscosity, force d. Viscosity, duration - ANSWERSb. Volume, force Within a normal physiologic range, an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume would lead the nurse to monitor for: a. An increased force of contraction b. A decrease in cardiac output c. An increase in heart rate d. Heart failure - ANSWERSa. An increased force of contraction While planning care for a heart patient, which principle should the nurse recall? Right ventricular afterload is affected by: a. Vascular resistance in the systemic vessels b. Right end-diastolic pressure c. Pressures in the vena cava d. Pulmonary vascular resistance - ANSWERSd. Pulmonary vascular resistance Which principle should the nurse remember while planning care for a cardiac patient? Pressure in the left ventricle must exceed pressure in the _____ before the left ventricle can eject blood. a. Coronary arteries b. Aorta c. Inferior vena cava d. Pulmonary veins - ANSWERSb. Aorta A 50-year-old female presents with a low heart rate and low blood pressure. She is given an intravenous (IV) infusion of fluids. The increase in atrial distension results in: a. Renal retention of fluids b. Depressed myocardial contractility c. Release of acetylcholine d. Increased heart rate - ANSWERSd. Increased heart rate A nurse observes a cardiologist multiplying the heart rate by stroke volume. What is the cardiologist measuring? a. Vascular resistance b. Preload c. Cardiac output d. Ejection fraction - ANSWERSc. Cardiac output A patient researches baroreceptors online. Which information indicates a good understanding? Baroreceptors are located in the: a. Renal artery b. Superior vena cava c. Carotid sinus d. Circle of Willis - ANSWERSc. Carotid sinus A nurse is evaluating the direct end effect of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Which principle should the nurse remember? a. Angiotensin II causes systemic vasoconstriction. b. Renin promotes the excretion of sodium and water in the renal tubules. c. Aldosterone increases renal retention of water only. d. Angiotensin I promotes sodium and water reabsorption by the kidneys. - ANSWERSa. Angiotensin II causes systemic vasoconstriction. When a patient wants to know about the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, what is the nurse's best response? Conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II happens in the: a. Lungs b. Liver c. Kidneys d. Heart - ANSWERSa. Lungs A nurse is discussing the different types of regulation. Which regulation is the nurse describing? Local myogenic regulation of blood vessel diameter and thus blood flow through a vessel is an example of: a. Autonomic regulation b. Somatic regulation c. Autoregulation d. Metabolic regulation - ANSWERSc. Autoregulation