Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology Module 4 Exam Study Guide
Questions and Answers Graded A+ 2025-2026
The coagulation cascade involves all of the following except:
-Make thrombocytes
- Activate the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
- Convert fibrinogen to fibrin
- Convert prothrombin to thrombin -Correct Answer ✔Make thrombocytes
What are the natural anticoagulants? -Correct Answer ✔antithrombin III, protein
C, and protein S
People who are deficient in platelets or von Willebrand factor cannot, upon injury:
-Correct Answer ✔Form a platelet plug which leads to excessive bleeding
Vitamin K is needed to synthesize -Correct Answer ✔Factors II, VII, IX, and X
prothrombin
protein C
The intrinsic pathway begins with -Correct Answer ✔Factor XII
The extrinsic pathway beings with -Correct Answer ✔Thromboplastin
Both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways activate ______ ____ which converts
_______ to ________ -Correct Answer ✔Factor X; prothrombin into thrombin
Pathophysiology
,Pathophysiology
Thrombin converts _______ into ______ -Correct Answer ✔Fibrogen to fibrin
What drug inhibits coagulation factors (factors II, VII, IX, X) that are dependent
on vitamin K for their synthesis? -Correct Answer ✔Warfarin
What drug binds to antithrombin III to inhibit thrombin, factor Xa, and other
clotting factors and ultimately stops fibrin? -Correct Answer ✔Heparin
____________ is a newer oral anticoagulant that requires less management for the
patient and is more cost-effective than warfarin -Correct Answer ✔Dabigatran
These drugs inhibit factor Xa function and do not require monitoring -Correct
Answer ✔Rivaroxaban and Apixaban
Which of the following is NOT a hypercoagulable state? Select all that apply.
- Oral contraceptive use
- Mutation of prothrombin gene
- Hemophilia A
- Hemophilia B
- Immobility -Correct Answer ✔Hemophlia A
Hemophilia B
Anemia is a deficiency of what? -Correct Answer ✔Red blood cells
Pathophysiology
, Pathophysiology
What 3 ways can anemia be caused? -Correct Answer ✔1. Excessive loss — blood
loss anemia
2. Increased destruction — hemolytic anemia
3. Impaired production of red blood cells — iron deficiency, megaloblastic, and
aplastic anemias
Which of the following are TRUE of hemophilia A? Select all that apply.
- Spontaneous joint bleeding can occur
-The platelet count is decreased Aspirin and NSAIDS are the mainstay of treatment
- The PTT is increased -Correct Answer ✔- Spontaneous joint bleeding can occur
- The PTT is increased
For instance, iron deficiency anemia can be evaluated by measuring the blood
levels of -Correct Answer ✔Ferritin
Acute blood loss and decreased intravascular volume can lead to: (2 Things) -
Correct Answer ✔Cardiovascular collapse
Shock
Chronic blood loss does not affect blood volume but rather leads to depleted: -
Correct Answer ✔iron stores and iron deficiency anemia
What are 2 common causes of blood loss anemia? -Correct Answer ✔GI bleeding
and menstrual disorders
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology Module 4 Exam Study Guide
Questions and Answers Graded A+ 2025-2026
The coagulation cascade involves all of the following except:
-Make thrombocytes
- Activate the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
- Convert fibrinogen to fibrin
- Convert prothrombin to thrombin -Correct Answer ✔Make thrombocytes
What are the natural anticoagulants? -Correct Answer ✔antithrombin III, protein
C, and protein S
People who are deficient in platelets or von Willebrand factor cannot, upon injury:
-Correct Answer ✔Form a platelet plug which leads to excessive bleeding
Vitamin K is needed to synthesize -Correct Answer ✔Factors II, VII, IX, and X
prothrombin
protein C
The intrinsic pathway begins with -Correct Answer ✔Factor XII
The extrinsic pathway beings with -Correct Answer ✔Thromboplastin
Both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways activate ______ ____ which converts
_______ to ________ -Correct Answer ✔Factor X; prothrombin into thrombin
Pathophysiology
,Pathophysiology
Thrombin converts _______ into ______ -Correct Answer ✔Fibrogen to fibrin
What drug inhibits coagulation factors (factors II, VII, IX, X) that are dependent
on vitamin K for their synthesis? -Correct Answer ✔Warfarin
What drug binds to antithrombin III to inhibit thrombin, factor Xa, and other
clotting factors and ultimately stops fibrin? -Correct Answer ✔Heparin
____________ is a newer oral anticoagulant that requires less management for the
patient and is more cost-effective than warfarin -Correct Answer ✔Dabigatran
These drugs inhibit factor Xa function and do not require monitoring -Correct
Answer ✔Rivaroxaban and Apixaban
Which of the following is NOT a hypercoagulable state? Select all that apply.
- Oral contraceptive use
- Mutation of prothrombin gene
- Hemophilia A
- Hemophilia B
- Immobility -Correct Answer ✔Hemophlia A
Hemophilia B
Anemia is a deficiency of what? -Correct Answer ✔Red blood cells
Pathophysiology
, Pathophysiology
What 3 ways can anemia be caused? -Correct Answer ✔1. Excessive loss — blood
loss anemia
2. Increased destruction — hemolytic anemia
3. Impaired production of red blood cells — iron deficiency, megaloblastic, and
aplastic anemias
Which of the following are TRUE of hemophilia A? Select all that apply.
- Spontaneous joint bleeding can occur
-The platelet count is decreased Aspirin and NSAIDS are the mainstay of treatment
- The PTT is increased -Correct Answer ✔- Spontaneous joint bleeding can occur
- The PTT is increased
For instance, iron deficiency anemia can be evaluated by measuring the blood
levels of -Correct Answer ✔Ferritin
Acute blood loss and decreased intravascular volume can lead to: (2 Things) -
Correct Answer ✔Cardiovascular collapse
Shock
Chronic blood loss does not affect blood volume but rather leads to depleted: -
Correct Answer ✔iron stores and iron deficiency anemia
What are 2 common causes of blood loss anemia? -Correct Answer ✔GI bleeding
and menstrual disorders
Pathophysiology
