SLO UNIT 3 and 4 2025/2026 Exam
Comprehensive Questions and Verified
Answers | Accurate Solutions | Get it
100% Correct!! | Already Graded A+
Hormonal Theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔An increase in estrogen and a decrease in
progesterone prepare the uterus for contractions. Oxytocin and prostaglandins
increase to initiate contractions.
Uterine Stretch Theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Overdistention of the uterus may trigger
contractions.
Fetal Role Theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Maturation of the fetal adrenal glands and
production of cortisol help initiate labour.
First Stage (Dilation) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Begins with the onset of regular
contractions and ends at full cervical dilation (10 cm).
Latent phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔0-3 cm of cervical dilation.
Active phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔4-7 cm of cervical dilation.
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,Transition phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔8-10 cm of cervical dilation.
Second Stage (Expulsion) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔From full dilation to the birth of the
baby.
Third Stage (Placental) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔From birth of the baby to the delivery of
the placenta.
Fourth Stage (Recovery) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The first 1-2 hours postpartum as the
uterus contracts and stabilizes.
Passenger - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The fetus and placenta.
Passageway - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The birth canal.
Powers - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Uterine contractions and maternal pushing.
Position - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Maternal position during labour.
Psyche - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Maternal emotional state.
Maternal Physiological Adaptations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increased cardiac output,
respiratory rate, and WBC count; decreased gastric motility and glucose levels.
Fetal Physiological Adaptations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔HR may fluctuate during
contractions; increased stress response helps prepare lungs for breathing.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,Psychological Response of the Labouring Client - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Anxiety, fear,
and pain may increase stress hormones, impacting labour.
Danger Signs During Labour (Maternal) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Prolonged labour,
abnormal bleeding, high blood pressure or convulsions (preeclampsia/eclampsia),
signs of infection or uterine rupture.
Danger Signs During Labour (Fetal) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Non-reassuring FHR
patterns (e.g., bradycardia, tachycardia), meconium-stained amniotic fluid, absence
of fetal movement.
Documentation and Reporting - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Vital signs, FHR monitoring
results, contraction patterns, cervical assessments (dilation, effacement, station),
pain assessments and interventions, progress through labour stages, response to
interventions, any deviations or complications.
Etiology of Pain During Labour and Birth - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Labour pain is caused
by uterine muscle contractions (ischemia from muscle hypoxia), cervical stretching
and dilation, pressure on pelvic structures (bladder, bowel, ligaments), distension
of the vagina and perineum.
Non-Pharmacological Pain Relief Methods - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Breathing
techniques, hydrotherapy (warm baths, showers), massage and touch,
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, aromatherapy, music, visualization, acupressure/acupuncture, TENS
(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation), labour positioning and movement,
continuous support from a doula or support person.
Pharmacological Pain Relief Methods - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Systemic analgesics (e.g.,
morphine, fentanyl), nitrous oxide, epidural anesthesia (regional block), spinal
block, pudendal block, general anesthesia (rare, used for emergencies).
Advantages of Non-Pharmacologic Methods - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔No side effects,
promotes autonomy.
Disadvantages of Non-Pharmacologic Methods - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔May be less
effective alone for severe pain.
Advantages of Systemic Opioids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Easy to administer, short-
acting.
Disadvantages of Systemic Opioids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cross placenta, may cause
neonatal respiratory depression.
Advantages of Epidural - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Effective for most, allows alertness.
Disadvantages of Epidural - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔May lower BP, slow labour, limit
mobility.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
Comprehensive Questions and Verified
Answers | Accurate Solutions | Get it
100% Correct!! | Already Graded A+
Hormonal Theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔An increase in estrogen and a decrease in
progesterone prepare the uterus for contractions. Oxytocin and prostaglandins
increase to initiate contractions.
Uterine Stretch Theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Overdistention of the uterus may trigger
contractions.
Fetal Role Theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Maturation of the fetal adrenal glands and
production of cortisol help initiate labour.
First Stage (Dilation) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Begins with the onset of regular
contractions and ends at full cervical dilation (10 cm).
Latent phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔0-3 cm of cervical dilation.
Active phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔4-7 cm of cervical dilation.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Transition phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔8-10 cm of cervical dilation.
Second Stage (Expulsion) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔From full dilation to the birth of the
baby.
Third Stage (Placental) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔From birth of the baby to the delivery of
the placenta.
Fourth Stage (Recovery) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The first 1-2 hours postpartum as the
uterus contracts and stabilizes.
Passenger - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The fetus and placenta.
Passageway - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The birth canal.
Powers - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Uterine contractions and maternal pushing.
Position - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Maternal position during labour.
Psyche - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Maternal emotional state.
Maternal Physiological Adaptations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increased cardiac output,
respiratory rate, and WBC count; decreased gastric motility and glucose levels.
Fetal Physiological Adaptations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔HR may fluctuate during
contractions; increased stress response helps prepare lungs for breathing.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,Psychological Response of the Labouring Client - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Anxiety, fear,
and pain may increase stress hormones, impacting labour.
Danger Signs During Labour (Maternal) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Prolonged labour,
abnormal bleeding, high blood pressure or convulsions (preeclampsia/eclampsia),
signs of infection or uterine rupture.
Danger Signs During Labour (Fetal) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Non-reassuring FHR
patterns (e.g., bradycardia, tachycardia), meconium-stained amniotic fluid, absence
of fetal movement.
Documentation and Reporting - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Vital signs, FHR monitoring
results, contraction patterns, cervical assessments (dilation, effacement, station),
pain assessments and interventions, progress through labour stages, response to
interventions, any deviations or complications.
Etiology of Pain During Labour and Birth - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Labour pain is caused
by uterine muscle contractions (ischemia from muscle hypoxia), cervical stretching
and dilation, pressure on pelvic structures (bladder, bowel, ligaments), distension
of the vagina and perineum.
Non-Pharmacological Pain Relief Methods - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Breathing
techniques, hydrotherapy (warm baths, showers), massage and touch,
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, aromatherapy, music, visualization, acupressure/acupuncture, TENS
(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation), labour positioning and movement,
continuous support from a doula or support person.
Pharmacological Pain Relief Methods - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Systemic analgesics (e.g.,
morphine, fentanyl), nitrous oxide, epidural anesthesia (regional block), spinal
block, pudendal block, general anesthesia (rare, used for emergencies).
Advantages of Non-Pharmacologic Methods - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔No side effects,
promotes autonomy.
Disadvantages of Non-Pharmacologic Methods - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔May be less
effective alone for severe pain.
Advantages of Systemic Opioids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Easy to administer, short-
acting.
Disadvantages of Systemic Opioids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cross placenta, may cause
neonatal respiratory depression.
Advantages of Epidural - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Effective for most, allows alertness.
Disadvantages of Epidural - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔May lower BP, slow labour, limit
mobility.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
