Test bank for Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition Test bank/Study Guide newest version

Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology
ff ff




ff Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th
ff ff ff ff ff




Edition Test Bank
ff ff ff

, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
ff ff ff ff ff ff



Applications 5th Edition Test Bank ff ff
ff
ff ff




Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission
ff ff ff




ff MULTIPLE CHOICE ff




1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a chemical
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the theory that depression
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




a. Cortisol and GABA ff ff




b. COMT and glutamate ff ff




c. Monamine and glycine ff ff




d. Serotonin and norepinephrine ff ff




ff ANS: D ff




One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters. Serotonin
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of depression. There is no
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


research to support that the other options play a significant role in the development of
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


depression.
ff




2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in damage
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce this diagnosis?
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon ff ff ff ff ff ff




b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet ff ff ff ff ff ff




c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure ff ff ff ff




d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




ff ANS: B ff




Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e., motor aphasia).
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are not controlled by the Broca area
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


of the left frontal lobe.
ff ff ff ff ff




3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are always
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information that the therapeutic action
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area
ff ff ff ff ff

,b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
ff ff ff ff ff




d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




ANS: C ff




Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cleft and have
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia, on dopamine. The
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the peripheral nervous system are not
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medications.
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle with
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


understanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor would base
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


a response on the understanding that it is:
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




a. Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on behavioral interventions
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




b. A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently use in their practice
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




c. Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brain traumacaused
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


cognitive symptoms
ff ff




d. Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially those experiencing
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


psychiatric disorders
ff ff




ANS: D ff




Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neurologic basis,
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understanding facilitates effective care
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


planning. The foundation of knowledge is not used exclusively by advanced practice psychiatric
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior therapies or brain trauma since dealing with the results of
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


normal and abnormal brain function is a responsibility of all nurses providing all types of care to the
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


psychiatric patient.
ff ff




5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by her
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


chronic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff

, a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer.
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




body ANS: C
ff ff ff




Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-releasing factors that suppress the
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric disorders such as mood disorders are sometimes
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


associated with decreased functioning of the immune system. Research does not support a
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


connection between many cancers and stress. There is a significant amount of research about stress
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


and the body. Research has shown that there are some connections between stress and physical
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


disease.
ff




6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilitation
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the nurse identify as a focus of nursing
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


intervention?
ff




a. Expression of emotion ff ff




b. Detecting auditory stimuli ff ff




c. Receiving visual images ff ff




d. Processing associations ff




ff ANS: D ff




The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information that allows for
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressing self, keeping appointments,
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expression is associated with frontal lobe function.
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


Detecting auditory stimuli is a temporal lobe function. Receiving visual images is related to occipital lobe
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


function.
ff




7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct in the
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff


right cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the patient:
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech ff ff ff ff




b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hair
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff