NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Final Exam | Latest 2025/2026
| Rasmussen | Verified Questions and Answers |
A+ Graded
Section 1: Introduction
This document provides the complete and verified content for the Final Exam in NUR 2063 –
Essentials of Pathophysiology at Rasmussen University, fully aligned with the 2025/2026
academic year. It includes high-yield questions and 100% correct answers encompassing all
major topics: cellular injury, genetic disorders, immune responses, respiratory,
cardiovascular, renal, endocrine, gastrointestinal, and neurological pathologies. Graded A+
and based on Rasmussen's curriculum, this comprehensive review supports students in
achieving mastery for their final assessment and clinical application.
Section 2: Exam Questions and Answers
Format: Multiple-choice questions
Four answer choices per question (A–D)
Correct answer highlighted
1. What is the primary mechanism of cellular injury due to hypoxia?
A) Increased protein synthesis
B) Decreased ATP production
C) Enhanced membrane stability
D) Increased calcium influx
B) Decreased ATP production
2. Which genetic mutation is associated with cystic fibrosis?
A) BRCA1
B) CFTR
C) TP53
D) APC
B) CFTR
3. What is the primary function of the adaptive immune response?
A) Immediate pathogen destruction
B) Long-term immunity via memory cells
C) Regulation of body temperature
D) Production of red blood cells
B) Long-term immunity via memory cells
4. Which respiratory condition is caused by chronic smoking?
A) Asthma
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C) Pneumonia
, D) Pulmonary embolism
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
5. What is the primary cause of a myocardial infarction?
A) Valve stenosis
B) Coronary artery occlusion
C) Pericardial effusion
D) Arrhythmia
B) Coronary artery occlusion
6. Which renal disorder is marked by protein in the urine?
A) Pyelonephritis
B) Glomerulonephritis
C) Renal calculi
D) Polycystic kidney disease
B) Glomerulonephritis
7. What hormone is deficient in type 1 diabetes mellitus?
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Cortisol
D) Aldosterone
B) Insulin
8. Which gastrointestinal disorder is linked to Helicobacter pylori?
A) Crohn’s disease
B) Peptic ulcer disease
C) Ulcerative colitis
D) Diverticulitis
B) Peptic ulcer disease
9. What is the primary cause of a stroke?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Cerebral ischemia or hemorrhage
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Peripheral neuropathy
B) Cerebral ischemia or hemorrhage
10. Which cellular adaptation occurs due to chronic stress?
A) Atrophy
B) Hypertrophy
C) Apoptosis
D) Necrosis
B) Hypertrophy
11. What is the primary source of free radicals causing cellular damage?
A) Oxygen metabolism
B) Protein synthesis
C) Lipid storage
D) Carbohydrate breakdown
A) Oxygen metabolism
12. Which immune disorder involves the body attacking its own tissues?
A) HIV/AIDS
B) Systemic lupus erythematosus
C) Asthma
D) Hay fever
B) Systemic lupus erythematosus
Pathophysiology Final Exam | Latest 2025/2026
| Rasmussen | Verified Questions and Answers |
A+ Graded
Section 1: Introduction
This document provides the complete and verified content for the Final Exam in NUR 2063 –
Essentials of Pathophysiology at Rasmussen University, fully aligned with the 2025/2026
academic year. It includes high-yield questions and 100% correct answers encompassing all
major topics: cellular injury, genetic disorders, immune responses, respiratory,
cardiovascular, renal, endocrine, gastrointestinal, and neurological pathologies. Graded A+
and based on Rasmussen's curriculum, this comprehensive review supports students in
achieving mastery for their final assessment and clinical application.
Section 2: Exam Questions and Answers
Format: Multiple-choice questions
Four answer choices per question (A–D)
Correct answer highlighted
1. What is the primary mechanism of cellular injury due to hypoxia?
A) Increased protein synthesis
B) Decreased ATP production
C) Enhanced membrane stability
D) Increased calcium influx
B) Decreased ATP production
2. Which genetic mutation is associated with cystic fibrosis?
A) BRCA1
B) CFTR
C) TP53
D) APC
B) CFTR
3. What is the primary function of the adaptive immune response?
A) Immediate pathogen destruction
B) Long-term immunity via memory cells
C) Regulation of body temperature
D) Production of red blood cells
B) Long-term immunity via memory cells
4. Which respiratory condition is caused by chronic smoking?
A) Asthma
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C) Pneumonia
, D) Pulmonary embolism
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
5. What is the primary cause of a myocardial infarction?
A) Valve stenosis
B) Coronary artery occlusion
C) Pericardial effusion
D) Arrhythmia
B) Coronary artery occlusion
6. Which renal disorder is marked by protein in the urine?
A) Pyelonephritis
B) Glomerulonephritis
C) Renal calculi
D) Polycystic kidney disease
B) Glomerulonephritis
7. What hormone is deficient in type 1 diabetes mellitus?
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Cortisol
D) Aldosterone
B) Insulin
8. Which gastrointestinal disorder is linked to Helicobacter pylori?
A) Crohn’s disease
B) Peptic ulcer disease
C) Ulcerative colitis
D) Diverticulitis
B) Peptic ulcer disease
9. What is the primary cause of a stroke?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Cerebral ischemia or hemorrhage
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Peripheral neuropathy
B) Cerebral ischemia or hemorrhage
10. Which cellular adaptation occurs due to chronic stress?
A) Atrophy
B) Hypertrophy
C) Apoptosis
D) Necrosis
B) Hypertrophy
11. What is the primary source of free radicals causing cellular damage?
A) Oxygen metabolism
B) Protein synthesis
C) Lipid storage
D) Carbohydrate breakdown
A) Oxygen metabolism
12. Which immune disorder involves the body attacking its own tissues?
A) HIV/AIDS
B) Systemic lupus erythematosus
C) Asthma
D) Hay fever
B) Systemic lupus erythematosus
