WGU D483 SECURITY OPERATIONS OA ACTUAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS RECENT VERSION

WGU D483 SECURITY OPERATIONS OA ACTUAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS RECENT VERSION 1. A process of making a host or app configuration secure by reducing its attack surface, through running only necessary services, installing monitoring software to protect against malware and intrusions, and establishing a maintenance schedule to ensure the system is patched to be secure against software exploits. - ANSWER System hardening 2. A computing environment where multiple independent operating systems can be installed to a single hardware platform and run simultaneously. - ANSWER Virtualization 3. An operating system virtualization deployment containing everything required to run a service, application, or microservice. - ANSWER Containers 4. A software architecture where components of the solution are conceived as highly decoupled services not dependent on a single platform type or technology. - ANSWER Microservices 5. A software delivery model where the code runs on a server and is streamed to a client. - ANSWER Application Virtualization 6. An XML-based web services protocol that is used to exchange messages. - ANSWER Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 7. An identity federation method that provides single sign-on capabilities and enables websites to make informed authorization decisions for access to protected online resources. - ANSWER Shibboleth 8. In PKI, a description of how users and different CAs exchange information and certificates. - ANSWER Trust Model 9. Enterprise management software designed to mediate access to cloud services by users across all types of devices. - ANSWER Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) 10. A server that mediates the communications between a client and another server. It can filter and often modify communications as well as provide caching services to improve performance. - ANSWER Forward proxy 11. A type of proxy server that protects servers from direct contact with client requests. - ANSWER Reverse proxy 12. This term describes the use of a PIN sent via SMS to a smartphone. - ANSWER 2-step verification 13. If A trusts B and B trusts C, then A trusts C. What term describes this trust relationship? - ANSWER Transitive 14. What is the enterprise management software designed to mediate user/employee access to cloud services? - ANSWER CASB 15. A software solution that detects and prevents sensitive information from being stored on unauthorized systems or transmitted over unauthorized networks. - ANSWER Data loss prevention (DLP) 16. Data that can be used to identify or contact an individual (or, in the case of identity theft, to impersonate them). - ANSWER Personally identifiable information (PII) 17. Data that can be used to identify an individual and includes information about past, present, or future health, as well as related payments and data used in the operation of a healthcare business. - ANSWER Protected Health Information (PHI) 18. Personal information about a consumer provided to a financial institution that can include account number, credit/debit card number, name, social security number and other information. - ANSWER Personal Identifiable Financial Information (PIFI) 19. Any type of personally identifiable information (PII) associated with a person who has a payment card, such as a credit or debit card. - ANSWER Cardholder data (CHD) 20. Data that is of commercial value and can be granted rights of ownership, such as copyrights, patents, and trademarks. - ANSWER Intellectual Property (IP) 21. Framework of certificate authorities, digital certificates, software, services, and other cryptographic components deployed for the purpose of validating subject identities. - ANSWER Public key infrastructure (PKI) 22. code review - ANSWER a process done to identify security vulnerabilities during software development 23. control flow analysis - ANSWER the mechanism used to step through logical conditions in the code 24. data flow analysis - ANSWER the mechanism used to trace data from the points of input to the points of output 25. documentation - ANSWER details and guides that are necessary to support the ongoing use of the software 26. dynamic analysis - ANSWER Software testing that examines code behavior during runtime. It helps identify potential security issues, potential performance issues, and other problems. 27. statis analysis - ANSWER The method that examines malware without running it is 28. SonarQube - ANSWER open-source platform for static code analysis that can detect bugs, code smells, vulnerabilities, and hotspots in over 25 programming languages 29. exploratory tests - ANSWER done by the development tester to continually assess the quality of his or her work 30. Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual - ANSWER a manual that provides templates and standards used when developing a test strategy 31. OWASP Zed Attack Proxy - ANSWER an open-source security tool used widely by software security developers 32. passive scanner - ANSWER silently analyzes all the hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) requests and responses passing through the web application security tool 33. pull request - ANSWER a request to merge your code into another branch 34. schedule tests - ANSWER mandatory requirements testing to validate the security of the software and associated systems. 35. spider - ANSWER identifies inputs and supplies those to the scanning components of the security tool 36. Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP) - ANSWER An open-source interception proxy and web application assessment tool. 37. The original, obsolete version of the security protocol now developed as TLS. - ANSWER Secure socket layer (SSL) 38. True or False. DLP can be used to restrict printing of sensitive data. - ANSWER True. DLP tools are very versatile and can be used to limit the use of many types of data, including printing it. 39. What is the acronym for the three-digit security code typically located on the signature strip of a credit card? - ANSWER CVV 40. What might this log indicate? → Possible data exfiltration via large file upload. - ANSWER Log: POST / filename= Content-Length: 2349842 41. What behavior does this suggest? → Lateral movement via SMB protocol. - ANSWER Log: Repeated connections from 192.168.1.5 to multiple internal hosts on port 445 42. Why is this notable? → Possible persistence mechanism installed by attacker. - ANSWER Log: Windows Event 7045 - New service installed: 43. What vulnerability is being exploited? → Directory traversal or local file inclusion (LFI). - ANSWER Log: GET /etc/passwd HTTP/1.1 200 OK 44. What is the likely threat? → Brute-force password attack via SSH. - ANSWER Log: Zeek Notice - SSH::Password_Guessing - 37 attempts in 10 minutes 45. What is the difference between a false positive and false negative? - ANSWER A false positive is an alert for benign activity; a false negative is a failure to alert on malicious activity. 46. What is baselining in network security? - ANSWER Establishing a "normal" traffic pattern to detect anomalies that could indicate an attack. 47. What is lateral movement? - ANSWER An attack technique where a threat actor moves between systems within a network after initial compromise. 48. What is log normalization? - ANSWER Standardizing logs from different sources into a common format for easier analysis and correlation. 49. What is a playbook in a SOC environment? - ANSWER A predefined set of procedures for responding to specific types of alerts or incidents. 50. What is a threat hunt? - ANSWER Proactively searching for undetected threats in an environment using threat intelligence and behavioral analytics. 51. What is a protocol analyzer? - ANSWER A tool (e.g., Wireshark) that examines the structure and behavior of network protocols in captured traffic. 52. What is the purpose of TCP three-way handshake? - ANSWER To establish a reliable connection between client and server: SYN → SYN ACK → ACK. 53. What is a log retention policy? - ANSWER A defined rule for how long logs should be stored and when they can be deleted or archived. 54. True or False. HTTPS traffic does not pose any threat because it is encrypted and therefore safe. - ANSWER False. Malicious activities are often concealed within encrypted traffic to avoid detection, and so HTTPS traffic must be inspected. 55. Classifying the ownership and management of a cloud as public, private, community, or hybrid. - ANSWER Cloud Deployment 56. A cloud that is deployed for shared use by multiple independent tenants. - ANSWER Public Cloud 57. A cloud that is deployed for use by a single entity. - ANSWER Private Cloud 58. Cloud deployment that uses both private and public elements. - ANSWER Hybrid Cloud 59. A software architecture that runs functions within virtualized runtime containers in a cloud rather than on dedicated server instances. - ANSWER Serverless