SOC 313 week 2 quiz complete questions and answers latest summer 2025.

Match the following terms and definitions. A disease that affects the entire body systemic The events, genetics, or environmental exposures that increase the likelihood of a disease's onset risk factors The proportion of a given population that has a condition at a certain point in time prevalence The signs and symptoms of a condition or disease presentations Ensuring that one's own basic needs for food, water, sleep, exercise, spirituality, and so on are met self-care Question 2 1 / 1 pts Match the following terms and definitions. Tools that help with activities of daily living assistive devices People who do not have a condition who are part of a research study case study controls A secondary disease or chronic condition existing at the same time as a primary disease or condition comorbidity Events that occur prior to the onset of a condition or disease precursor A disorder or disease present from birth congenital IncorrectQuestion 30 / 1 pts While crossing the street, Harvey steps in a pothole and breaks his ankle, which leaves him disabled in a cast for several weeks. Which of the following best expresses how Harvey’s mesosystem might affect, or be affected by, Harvey’s temporary disability? Laws might be written to force the city to fill potholes in a timely manner. Harvey’s sister might do all of his household chores for him. The town’s Convalescent Aid Society might loan him a wheelchair. Harvey’s business partner Ted might take over his house-painting jobs. Question 4 1 / 1 pts On average, which ethnic group spends the largest percentage of their income on a chronically ill or disabled family member? Hispanics Whites Blacks Asians As an autoimmune disease sufferer, Nico sometimes has problems with thinking, memory, and concentration. Combined, these indicators are known as ____________. somatic symptoms malingeringbrain fog aphasia Why does the ALS Association recommend incorporating assistive devices (such as a wheelchair, feeding tube, or CPAP) before an ALS patient actually needs each device? To avoid having to do physical and occupational rehab later To be more able to pay for the devices while still having a job To reduce stress and increase familiarity with each device To slow the inevitable progression of ALS Celina has a “butterfly rash” across her nose and cheeks. This type of rash is one symptom of which autoimmune disease? ALS Psoriatic arthritis Fibromyalgia Lupus How is cerebral palsy classified? By time of onsetBy comorbidities By type of brain damage/injury By movement limitations Question 9 1 / 1 pts Jill is a chronically ill person. Which aspect of Jill’s life has had the LEAST psychosocial impact on her? Employment challenges Caregiver responsibilities Relationships with family members Social interactions Women are diagnosed with all forms of arthritis at a higher rate than men. What does this fact suggest? That women are more vulnerable than men That hormones play a role in those diseases That nature has a way of thinning the female population, which is larger than the male populationThat women typically go to doctors to evaluate physical pain and weakness more often than men do In which of the following conditions is the skeletal system the PRIMARY system affected? Fibromyalgia Rheumatoid arthritis Cerebral palsy Osteoporosis Neurasthenia was an early name for a condition that, until 1987 was commonly believed to be a psychiatric problem. What is this condition known as today? Fibromyalgia Psoriasis Lupus Osteoarthritis Question 13 1 / 1 pts When osteoporosis first occurs, the amount of spongy bone increases. spongy bone ct bone increases. compact bone decreases. Question 14 1 / 1 pts Janine’s physicians tell her that her rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is idiopathic. What does this mean? Her RA is familial. Her RA is chronic. Her RA has an environmental cause. Her RA has an unknown cause. Question 15 0 / 1 pts What does it mean to say that a disease has a genetic component? The disease is inherited through the mother. The disease is inherited through the father. The disease is not inherited but displays specific genes common to those who have the disease. The disease is caused by a genetic mutation or mutations that appear between generations.Question 16 1 / 1 pts Match the following terms and definitions. Groups of doctors, hospitals, and other healthcare providers who voluntarily come together to coordinate high-quality care for patients in cost-effective ways accountable care organizations A type of health insurance in which a fixed fee is paid per enrollee health maintenance organizations Any health insurance programs or approaches for financing healthcare that use various mechanisms to minimize unnecessary costs managed care organizations A system of healthcare delivery encompassing a network of providers; enrollees are charged less for services when they use in-network providers and a larger share of the costs for out-of-network providers preferred provider organizations A system designed to achieve cost containment by classifying diseases and medical interventions according to diagnostic categories and then compensating hospitals the same amount for all conditions that fall into the same category diagnostic-related groups Question 17 1 / 1 pts Match the following terms and definitions. A reform movement that argues the use of clinical trial results to determine appropriate therapeutic interventions evidence-based medicine A type of insurance in which the insurer agrees to compensate the insured for future predetermined losses or injuries indemnification A method of compensating doctors where they receive payment for each medical service they provide fee for serviceInsurance markets created at the state level where individuals and small businesses can purchase health insurance exchanges A fixed payment per patient made to a doctor by a Managed Care Organization in return for services provided capitation IncorrectQuestion 18 0 / 1 pts Allen hurt his knee and sees his primary care physician to get preauthorization for physical therapy, where he pays a co-pay of $15 per session. When it takes him a long time to heal, he gets frustrated and decides to see a different physical therapist that his friend recommended. Because this new physical therapist is out of his insurance network, he now has to pay $40 per session. What kind of health insurance plan does Allen have? HMO POS PPO HRA Question 19 0 / 1 pts How did the passage of the ACA impact the rate of uninsured people in the United States? It has increased the number of uninsured people, and much faster than originally estimated. It has increased the number of uninsured people, but much more slowly than originally estimated.It has reduced the number of uninsured people, but much more slowly than originally estimated. It has reduced the number of uninsured people, and much faster than originally estimated. Question 20 1 / 1 pts How does Medicare reflect Daniel M. Fox’s concept of the “politics of incremental accommodation”? Initially, it covered people over the age of 65, but the eligibility age has slowly lowered to 55. It addressed the limits of worker’s compensation by covering disability regardless of cause. It covers long-term care, but only after a three-day hospital stay. It covers the acute end stages of chronic diseases more fully than the disease’s early stages Question 21 1 / 1 pts Casey has been struggling with fatigue for almost a year and has seen three doctors to figure out what’s wrong. Each doctor has ordered the same tests, including a costly blood test to measure Casey’s thyroid function. Consequently, his health insurance company has been billed three times for the same test. Which of the following criticisms of the health care system is reflected in this scenario? American doctors practice defensive medicine. The U.S. medical system does not reflect the epidemiological transition from chronic to acute conditions.The health care delivery system in the U.S. is fragmented. American health insurance companies encourage multiple tests to reduce underwriting costs. Question 22 1 / 1 pts How do HMOs encourage doctors to order fewer tests and procedures? They use a system of prepaid capitation. They publish doctors’ fees. They rely on evidence-based medicine (EBM). They use a consumer driven model. Question 23 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements BEST describes the prevalence of preexisting conditions in the United States? Approximately half of all Americans have or will have a preexisting condition in their lifetime. Every American either has or will have a preexisting condition in their lifetime. Only a small percentage of Americans has or will have a preexisting condition in their lifetime.Question 24 1 / 1 pts Which of the following statements BEST summaries the way in which the ACA was intended to reduce the number of uninsured Americans? It expanded and extended existing programs so that they cover more people. It reconfigured the patchwork model of coverage to make public plans available to everyone. It created programs to enable children, the elderly, and low-income people to have more and better health care coverage. It built a new type of insurance market that assures health care is affordable for everyone. While almost half of Americans have a preexisting condition, that number is decreasing. Question 25 1 / 1 pts What insight emerged when hospital training was integrated into medical training in 19th century Paris? Disease often involves an imbalance of fluids in the body. Medical education must last at least three years to be effective. Teaching hospitals should be the leading providers of health care services. The effectiveness of medical treatment can be evaluated via statistical comparison. Question 260 / 1 pts How should the teaching hospital model change to address the reality of the medical needs of today’s population? It needs to place more emphasis on teaching about and providing training on disease management. It needs to ensure that medical students have experience treating the most serious cases. It needs to make sure students learn about the full range of diseases, not just ones that require hospitalization. It needs to emphasize that disease is best treated by discrete, specific interventions. Question 27 1 / 1 pts In contrast to other modern countries, the United States does not have a publicly administered health care system. What type of system does it have? Private insurance Patchwork Subsidized Employer provided insurance IncorrectQuestion 28 0 / 1 pts How are HSAs different than traditional health insurance plans?HSAs are portable, meaning you can have the same health insurance plan even if you change employers. With an HSA, your employer is responsible for covering the cost of your health care. If you rely on HSAs instead of a traditional insurance plan, you will pay for the entirety of your medical care costs. You will pay lower premiums with an HSA than with a traditional health insurance plan. Question 29 1 / 1 pts What is the purpose of the ACA’s individual mandate? To transition the U.S. health care to a public system To force people to purchase government health insurance plans To make people use the exchanges and reduce their choice of coverage To defray the cost of coverage for people with preexisting conditions Question 30 1 / 1 pts The ACA includes all of the following provisions EXCEPT: Health insurance plans must simplify their language, so clients can understand their coverage. All employers must provide health insurance to their employees. Children can stay on their parents’ health insurance plans until the age of 26.Health insurance companies cannot take coverage away from someone because they are sick. IncorrectQuestion 3 0 / 1 pts While crossing the street, Harvey steps in a pothole and breaks his ankle, which leaves him disabled in a cast for several weeks. Which of the following best expresses how Harvey’s mesosystem might affect, or be affected by, Harvey’s temporary disability? Laws might be written to force the city to fill potholes in a timely manner. Harvey’s sister might do all of his household chores for him. The town’s Convalescent Aid Society might loan him a wheelchair. Harvey’s business partner Ted might take over his house-painting jobs. Question 5 1 / 1 pts For three years, Julia has had an autoimmune disease known as psoriatic arthritis. Lately, she has also suffered a secondary chronic condition, nerve damage in her feet. What is this effect called? Sporadic onset Idiopathy Comorbidity Exacerbation factorQuestion 6 1 / 1 pts Which of the following diseases is also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease? Systemic lupus erythema Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Cerebral palsy Multiple sclerosis Question 9 1 / 1 pts Nathan studies the prevalence of a particular neuromusculoskeletal condition. What does Nathan study? The frequency of occurrences of that specific neuromusculoskeletal condition in a given population The history of when that specific NMS condition was first known The genetic or medical origin of that specific NMS condition The proportion of a population that has the neuromusculoskeletal condition at a certain point in time Lupus is two to three times more prevalent in __________ women than in __________ women. Asian; HispanicHispanic; Asian African American; Caucasian Caucasian; African American Question 11 1 / 1 pts ALS is most common in __________. Caucasian women Caucasian men African American men African American women Question 12 1 / 1 pts Which of the following conditions is diagnosed via an X-ray? Fibromyalgia Lupus Multiple sclerosis OsteoarthritisQuestion 13 1 / 1 pts Pain, sleep disturbance, fatigue, depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment—all of which affect QOL—are primary symptoms of __________. fibromyalgia ALS osteoarthritis CP Question 14 1 / 1 pts Antonia is the only caregiver for her elderly mother. Accordingly, Antonia is at greater risk for depression and additional stress if she ignores her own __________. loneliness self-care intuition finances Question 15 1 / 1 pts What is something that individuals with lupus and fibromyalgia have in common?It may take years to get a correct diagnosis. There are no available treatments. They both experience hair loss as a symptom. The diseases’ primary damage is to the myelin. Question 18 1 / 1 pts Why might a hospital system prefer a model of consumer-driven health care over a value-based one? They will be rewarded for reducing chronic illness. They won’t be penalized if a patient doesn’t comply with treatment. They will be reimbursed upfront for potential costs. They won’t be forced to set their fees based on RBRVS. Question 19 0 / 1 pts The ACA includes all of the following provisions EXCEPT: Health insurance plans must simplify their language, so clients can understand their coverage. All employers must provide health insurance to their employees.Children can stay on their parents’ health insurance plans until the age of 26. Health insurance companies cannot take coverage away from someone because they are sick. Question 21 0 / 1 pts How does the ACA draw on the meso perspective of Bronfenbrenner’s model? It created a council that reports to Congress on smoking cessation efforts. It provides grants to schools to promote exercise. It funds a program to provide individual wellness plans to low-income individuals. It establishes new regulations for the availability of generic drugs. IncorrectQuestion 22 0 / 1 pts Daniel lives in Detroit, Michigan, and has schizophrenia. His family is low-income, but they make about 20% more than what is considered the poverty line. What options for care has the ACA extended to Daniel? After a required hospital stay, Daniel can enter a community-based health care program. Although Daniel’s family makes too much to qualify for Medicaid, they can find affordable coverage options for him on the exchanges. Daniel can remain at home and be visited by a health care provider for at least two years while being covered by Medicaid.Although it limits his choice of doctors, the individual plan Daniel can purchase through the exchanges will extend affordable care to him. IncorrectQuestion 24 0 / 1 pts How does the ACA reflect a political compromise? In addition to being based on a Republican-authored law, it incorporated many changes requested by Republican Congress members. It accommodated Democrats’ desire for government-funded health insurance by replacing private insurance plans with public ones. It was written in collaboration with health care professionals and protects the proprietary rights of pharmaceutical companies. Because it allowed states to opt-out of Medicaid expansion, it appeased state lawmakers. orrectQuestion 27 0 / 1 pts What framework did Johns Hopkins University Medical School establish for medical education? The teaching hospital The Flexner report The modern research university Laboratory instructionQuestion 29 0 / 1 pts When an uninsured person requires complex emergency care, it is highly unlikely that they will be able to pay their medical bills in full. What happens to the cost of care in such an event? It is absorbed by the hospital system. It is subsidized by the government. It is passed on to insured people in the form of higher premiums. It is covered by programs like Medicare and Medicaid. Question 30 1 / 1 pts Which of the following is TRUE about the state of health care coverage and life expectancy in the U.S. in relation to other OECD countries? Its residents have more health care coverage and a higher life expectancy than the other OECD countries. Its residents have more health care coverage but a lower life expectancy than the other OECD countries. Its residents have less health care coverage but a higher life expectancy than the other OECD countries. Its residents have less health care coverage and a lower life expectancy than the other OECD countries. Question 5 1 / 1 ptsWhat does the presence of antinuclear antibodies typically indicate? An acute illness A fatal illness A chronic condition An autoimmune reaction Question 15 1 / 1 pts In which parts of the body does ALS begin? The brain and spinal cord The voluntary muscles The involuntary muscles The lungs and heart Question 24 1 / 1 pts The largest private health insurance provider in Milwaukee decides to offer a new lowcost plan to people under the age of 35 who can pass a strict health screening, have never smoked, and have no preexisting conditions. What is the likely outcome of this new plan? Because plans that use community ratings attract younger and healthier people, other companies will follow suit, thus diminishing the availability of experience-rated plans.Because plans that use experience ratings attract younger and healthier people, other companies will follow suit, thus diminishing the availability of community-rated plans. Because plans that use experience ratings lower overall health care costs when introduced into an area, residents of Milwaukee will benefit even if they are in a community-rated plan. Because plans that use community ratings tend to inflate prices when introduced into an area, the residents of Milwaukee can be expected to pay higher premiums. Question 26 1 / 1 pts How do diagnostic-related groups and the resource-based, relative-value scale seek to keep medical costs down for third-party payers? They compensate doctors based on the value of the care they deliver. They determine if expensive tests are medically necessary. They use academic methods to provide guidelines to make care more efficient. They establish standardized fees based on diagnoses. Question 27 1 / 1 pts Stella is a newly elected city councilwoman who is concerned with public health, specifically with making her city’s public health infrastructure less reactive and more focused on prevention. Given this, what is Stella likely to do in her first days in office? Ask her staff to look into grants that support research on cancer treatment in her community.Meet with the city’s Safe Streets Bicycle and Pedestrian coalition. Visit area dialysis clinics to see what challenges they are facing. Learn about programs in other cities that provide low-cost care in mobile medical clinics.