exam 3 - reproductive physiology questions with
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answers
1.what are the 3 major events of the luteal phase?: 1. formation of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CL
2.synthesis and release of progesterone |\ |\ |\ |\
3.luteolysis (if not pregnant) |\ |\ |\
2.the 2 phases of the luteal phase: metestrus and diestrus
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3.ovulation and CL formation (9 steps): 1. LH surge
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2. angiogenesis
3.increase follicle pressure |\ |\
4.synthesis and release of enzymes |\ |\ |\ |\
5.breakdown basement membrane |\ |\
6.collagenase production (tunica albuginea breakdown) |\ |\ |\ |\
7.smooth muscle contraction |\ |\
8.follicle wall collapses
|\ |\
9.folds into itself allowing cell types to mix
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4.used to be granulosa cells
|\ |\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
1 |\/ |\90
,b. large luteal cells: b.
|\ |\ |\
5.increase in size as luteinization occurs (hypertrophy)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: b.
|\ |\ |\
6.produce bulk of progesterone (and also produce relaxin and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
oxytocin)
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: b.
|\ |\ |\
7.used to be theca cells
|\ |\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
8.increase in number (hyperplasia)
|\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
9.have an irregular shape and are mostly lipid droplets
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
10.less progesterone but LH receptors fine tune progesterone
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
secretion
2 |\/ |\90
,a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
11.during ovulation, blood vessels rupture in the theca
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. interna
b. externa: b. |\
12.Day 1-3 of CL Formation/Regression: 1. bloody appearance
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
(corpus hemor- rhagicum)
|\ |\
3 |\/ |\90
, 2.temporary structure immediately after ovulation |\ |\ |\ |\
3.similar to blood clot |\ |\ |\
13.Day 3-5 of CL Formation/Regression: 1. CH grows (hypertrophy
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and plasia) |\
2.loses hemorrhagic color (blood absorbed)
|\ |\ |\ |\
3.some retain central blood clot
|\ |\ |\ |\
4.outer appearance is a CL |\ |\ |\ |\
14. Day 5 (mid cycle) of CL Formation/Regression: 1. increase in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
functional tissue mass |\ |\
2.can palpate/ultrasound
|\
3.progesterone produced per unit of tissue (growth increases |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
progesterone concen- tration) |\ |\
15.mature CL size depends on all of the following except:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. number of blood clots |\ |\ |\
b. number of cells |\ |\
c. degree of vascularization |\ |\
d. size of cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
16.t or f: to maintain pregnancy requires a minimum amount of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4 |\/ |\90
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
answers
1.what are the 3 major events of the luteal phase?: 1. formation of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CL
2.synthesis and release of progesterone |\ |\ |\ |\
3.luteolysis (if not pregnant) |\ |\ |\
2.the 2 phases of the luteal phase: metestrus and diestrus
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
3.ovulation and CL formation (9 steps): 1. LH surge
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. angiogenesis
3.increase follicle pressure |\ |\
4.synthesis and release of enzymes |\ |\ |\ |\
5.breakdown basement membrane |\ |\
6.collagenase production (tunica albuginea breakdown) |\ |\ |\ |\
7.smooth muscle contraction |\ |\
8.follicle wall collapses
|\ |\
9.folds into itself allowing cell types to mix
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4.used to be granulosa cells
|\ |\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
1 |\/ |\90
,b. large luteal cells: b.
|\ |\ |\
5.increase in size as luteinization occurs (hypertrophy)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: b.
|\ |\ |\
6.produce bulk of progesterone (and also produce relaxin and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
oxytocin)
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: b.
|\ |\ |\
7.used to be theca cells
|\ |\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
8.increase in number (hyperplasia)
|\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
9.have an irregular shape and are mostly lipid droplets
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
10.less progesterone but LH receptors fine tune progesterone
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
secretion
2 |\/ |\90
,a. small luteal cells
|\ |\
b. large luteal cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
11.during ovulation, blood vessels rupture in the theca
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. interna
b. externa: b. |\
12.Day 1-3 of CL Formation/Regression: 1. bloody appearance
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
(corpus hemor- rhagicum)
|\ |\
3 |\/ |\90
, 2.temporary structure immediately after ovulation |\ |\ |\ |\
3.similar to blood clot |\ |\ |\
13.Day 3-5 of CL Formation/Regression: 1. CH grows (hypertrophy
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and plasia) |\
2.loses hemorrhagic color (blood absorbed)
|\ |\ |\ |\
3.some retain central blood clot
|\ |\ |\ |\
4.outer appearance is a CL |\ |\ |\ |\
14. Day 5 (mid cycle) of CL Formation/Regression: 1. increase in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
functional tissue mass |\ |\
2.can palpate/ultrasound
|\
3.progesterone produced per unit of tissue (growth increases |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
progesterone concen- tration) |\ |\
15.mature CL size depends on all of the following except:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. number of blood clots |\ |\ |\
b. number of cells |\ |\
c. degree of vascularization |\ |\
d. size of cells: a.
|\ |\ |\
16.t or f: to maintain pregnancy requires a minimum amount of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4 |\/ |\90
