NURS 3310 Exam Questions and Answers
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Function of PEEP - CORRECT ANSWER-The use of PEEP increases
the surface area of the lungs and improves functional residual
capacity
Give 6 possible causes of CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-- HTN
- failure to resolve AKI
- diabetes
- glomerulonephritis
- cardiovascular disease
- UTI
Stage 1 CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR >90
Kidney damage with normal or increased GFR
Stage 2 CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR 60-89
Mild decrease in GFR
Stage 3a CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR 45-59
Stage 3b CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR 30-45
,Stage 4 CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR 15-29
preparation for renal replacement therapy
Stage 5 CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR <15
ESKD
3 goals of management of CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-1. preserve
existing kidney function
2. slow progression by detecting and treating reversible causes
3. reduce risk of cardiovascular disease
Define dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Removing waste products and
excess fluid from patient's body through diffusion, osmosis and
ultrafiltration
Diffusion process in dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-movement of
solutes from an area of high concentration to low
concentration. Urea, creatinine, uric acid and electrolytes
moved by diffusion
Osmosis in dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-the movement of solute
from low concentration to high concentration. glucose usually
added to dialysate to create an osmotic gradient across the
membrane, pulling excess fluid from the blood
Ultrafiltration in dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-uses changed in
pressure gradient to remove excess fluid
, peritoneal dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Using peritoneum as natural
lining
Haemodialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-machine assisted blood
filtration
- require doctor to create permanent access to patient's blood
stream (e.g. fistula)
CKD is a result of decreased GFR for how many months? -
CORRECT ANSWER-3 months
Where does reabsorption of water takes place in the nephron
loop? - CORRECT ANSWER-in the descending arm
brief explain GFR - CORRECT ANSWER-measures the kidney function
and determines the stage of kidney damage
- how much blood passes through glomerular filtration in each
minute
What is morphine indicated for in APO? - CORRECT ANSWER-
dyspnoea
What is AMI? - CORRECT ANSWER-occurs when myocardial cells die
as a result of prolonged oxygen deprivation
pathophysiology of AMI (atherosclerosis) - CORRECT ANSWER-
Chronic endothelial injury and accumulation of lipids leading to
the development of fibrous plaque This resulted in narrowed
vessel lumen and reduced blood flow. If the plaque ruptured
Already Graded A+ Guarantee Pass Latest
Versions 2025
Function of PEEP - CORRECT ANSWER-The use of PEEP increases
the surface area of the lungs and improves functional residual
capacity
Give 6 possible causes of CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-- HTN
- failure to resolve AKI
- diabetes
- glomerulonephritis
- cardiovascular disease
- UTI
Stage 1 CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR >90
Kidney damage with normal or increased GFR
Stage 2 CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR 60-89
Mild decrease in GFR
Stage 3a CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR 45-59
Stage 3b CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR 30-45
,Stage 4 CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR 15-29
preparation for renal replacement therapy
Stage 5 CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-GFR <15
ESKD
3 goals of management of CKD - CORRECT ANSWER-1. preserve
existing kidney function
2. slow progression by detecting and treating reversible causes
3. reduce risk of cardiovascular disease
Define dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Removing waste products and
excess fluid from patient's body through diffusion, osmosis and
ultrafiltration
Diffusion process in dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-movement of
solutes from an area of high concentration to low
concentration. Urea, creatinine, uric acid and electrolytes
moved by diffusion
Osmosis in dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-the movement of solute
from low concentration to high concentration. glucose usually
added to dialysate to create an osmotic gradient across the
membrane, pulling excess fluid from the blood
Ultrafiltration in dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-uses changed in
pressure gradient to remove excess fluid
, peritoneal dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Using peritoneum as natural
lining
Haemodialysis - CORRECT ANSWER-machine assisted blood
filtration
- require doctor to create permanent access to patient's blood
stream (e.g. fistula)
CKD is a result of decreased GFR for how many months? -
CORRECT ANSWER-3 months
Where does reabsorption of water takes place in the nephron
loop? - CORRECT ANSWER-in the descending arm
brief explain GFR - CORRECT ANSWER-measures the kidney function
and determines the stage of kidney damage
- how much blood passes through glomerular filtration in each
minute
What is morphine indicated for in APO? - CORRECT ANSWER-
dyspnoea
What is AMI? - CORRECT ANSWER-occurs when myocardial cells die
as a result of prolonged oxygen deprivation
pathophysiology of AMI (atherosclerosis) - CORRECT ANSWER-
Chronic endothelial injury and accumulation of lipids leading to
the development of fibrous plaque This resulted in narrowed
vessel lumen and reduced blood flow. If the plaque ruptured
