CALT EXAM correctly answered (2025)

CALT EXAM correctly answered (2025)Suprasegmental - correct answer Aspect of Language (intonation, stress, loudness, pitch level, juncture - (the set of features in speech that enable a hearer to detect a word or phrase boundary), and speaking rate) Segmental - correct answer Aspect of Language (phonemes - vowels & consonants) Phonoligical Awareness - correct answer The knowledge of and sensitivity to the sound structure of language (umbrella term) It includes: rhyming, segmentation activities, and manipulation activities Segmentation Activities - segmenting sentences into words, segmenting compound words into syllables, segmenting words into syllables, identifying initial and final sounds, and segmenting syllables into phonemes Manipulation Activities - omitting syllables, omitting sounds in words, and changing sounds into words Dysarthria - correct answer A disorder in the nervous system which hinders control over the tongue, throat, lips, or lungs Neurological oral-motor dysfunction including weakness of the musculature necessary for coordinating movements of speech production (slurred speech, difficulty with articulation) Dyspraxia - correct answer Sensorimotor disruption in which the motor signals to the muscles, such as those necessary for speech production, are not consistently or efficiently received Difficulty getting the body to do what you want it to Difficulty planning and coordinating body movement Difficulty coordinating facial muscles to produce sounds (a person is born with dyspraxia) Phonemic Awareness - correct answer Awareness of the smallest units of speech (phonemes) and the ability to isolate or manipulate the individual phonemes in words Phonetics - correct answer The study of linguistic speech sounds and how they are produced and perceived Page 2 of 14 Alphabetic Principle - correct answer The concept that letters on a page represent or map onto the sounds in spoken words Alphabetic Language - correct answer A language, such as English, in which letters are used systematically to represent speech sounds or phonemes Logographic Writing System - correct answer A system in which pictures represent the words of a language, such as Chinese If English was treated as a logographic writing system, it would contain over 700,000 symbols Grapheme - correct answer A written letter or letter cluster representing a single speech sound Ex: i, igh Phonics - correct answer An approach to teaching reading and spelling that emphasizes sound-symbol relationships Sound + Letters Euphony - correct answer Words formed or combined as to please the ear The tendency to make phonetic change for ease of pronunciation 6 Kinds of Syllables - correct answer Open Closed Vowel - Consonant - e Final Stable Syllable Vowel Pair Vowel - r Naughty i - correct answer The vowel i is naughty when it is before a final stable syllable in a words with three or more syllables It will be short and coded with a breve Ex: Tra di [tion Base Word - correct answer The simplest form of any English word to which affixes may be added A base word is always a complete English word when it stands alone Page 3 of 14 Strephosymbolia (1925) - correct answer (Twisted Symbols) Dr. Orton coined the term to describe a condition he observed in his patients "Word Blindness" Samuel T. Orton - correct answer (Father of Dyslexia) Identified the syndrome of "specific language disabilities" Separated disabled readers from students with mental retardation, brain damage, and primary emotional disorders Proposed a system for diagnosis Outlined principles of remediation for disabled readers Dysgraphia - correct answer Unsure of handedness, poor or slow handwriting, messy and unorganized papers, difficulty copying, poor fine motor skills, difficulty remembering the kinesthetic movement to form letters correctly Stop Sounds - correct answer These are sounds in words that when they are said, you have to stop your tongue to release the air A consonant that is produced with a complete obstruction of air It is with these letters: p, b, t, d, k, g Fricative - correct answer A consonant produced by a partial obstruction of the airflow, which creates friction and a slight hissing noise Voiced Ex: /f/, /v/, /th/ Unvoiced Ex: /s/, /z/, /sh/, /zh/ Affricate - correct answer Consonant speech sound articulated as a stop consonant followed by a fricative Ex: /ch/, /j/ Phonological Processing - correct answer An umbrella term for a large category of oral language processing abilities that are related to the sounds in words and are associated with the ability to read well Identify the Stages of Expressive Written Language Develop