A&P Chapters 1,2,3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.
Chapter 1 - ...
homeostasis - a state of balance in which the body's internal environment remains in the normal
range
hydrostatic pressure - pressure extended by fluids such ad blood pressure
hypogastric region - the lower middle portion of the abdomen
inferior - below another body part or towards the feet
integumentary system - the skin and its accessory parts, protects deeper tissues from injury -
synthesizes vitamin D and houses pain receptors, as well as sweat and oil glands
lateral - pertaining to the side, away from the midline, on the outer side of
lumbar - the region of the lower back between the ribs and pelvis
lymphatic system - closely related to the cardiovascular system. It is composed if lymphatic
vessels, lymph fluid, lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen. Picks up fluid leaked from the blood
vessels and returns it to the blood. Disposes of debris - houses the white blood cells
macromolecules - a large molecule, such as protein or nucleic acid
medial - toward or near the midline, in the center of
mediastinum - tissues and organs of the thoracic cavity that form a septum between the lungs
molecules - particles composed of two or more jointed atoms
nasal cavity - space within the nose
negative feedback - a mechanism activated by an imbalance that corrects the imbalance
occupital - Pertaining to the lower back portion of the head
oral - pertaining to the mouth
orbital - the eye cavity
organ - a structure consisting of a group of tissues with specialized funcion
organelles - a part of the cell that performs a specific function
,organism - and individual living thing
otic - the ear
parietal - pertaining to the wall of a cavity
pectoral - the chest
pelvic - the pelvis
pericardial membranes - a thin visceral pericardium that covers the hearts surface
physiology - the study of body functions
popliteal - pertaining to the region behind the knee
posterior - toward the back
proximal - closer to the point of attachment
receptors - specialized cells that provide information about the environment
sacral - the posterior region between the hip bones
sagittal - a plane or section that divides a structure into right and left portions
superficial - situated near the surface
superior - a body part that is above another part or is closer to the head
tissue - a group or similar cells that performs a specialized function
transverse - a plane that divides a structure into superior and inferior portions
respiratory system - moves air in and out and exchanges gases between the blood and the air.
removes carbon dioxide. These gas exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs
reproductive system - produces whole new organisms like itself
endrocine system - includes all the glands that secrete chemical messengers called hormones
(metabolism, nutrient use, etc)
urinary system - consists of kidneys, uterus, urinary bladder, & the urethra. Eliminates
nitrogenous waste from the body. Regulates water, electrolytes, and acid based balance in the
blood.
, Muscular System - Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression.
Maintains posture and produces heat
nervous system - consists of the brain, spinal chord, nerves, and sense organs - communicate
through nerve impulses. Control system of the body. It responds to internal and external changes
by activating appropraite muscles and glands
Digestive system - Breaks down food to absorbable units that eneter the blood for distribution to
the cells. Indigestible food is eliminated by feces
cardiovascular system - includes the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, & blood. Transports blood
through the body, which transports oxygens, CO2, nutrients, waste, etc. The heart pumps the
blood.
Skeletal System - Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use
to cause movements. Blood cells are formed within the bones and bones store minerals
Anatomy - Studies the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another
metabolism - all of the chemical reactions in cells that break down or build up substances
Physiology - Concerns the functions of the body
Cystology - Considers the cells of the body
Histology - the study of tissues
Renal Physiology - Concerns kidney functions and urine production
Neurophysiology - Explains the workings of the nervous system
Cardiovascular physiology - Examines the operation of the heart and blood vessels
Structures of Organization - Chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system
level, organismal level
Necessary Life functions - Maintain boundaries, Movement, responsiveness, digestion,
metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth,
Homeostasis - A dynamic equilibrium of the internal environment, All body systems contribute
to homeostasis, but the nervous and endocrine systems are most important. Control mechanisms
for homeostasis are: receptors, control center and effector - negative feedback mechanisms and
positive feedback mechanisms
Inferior - Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body
Chapter 1 - ...
homeostasis - a state of balance in which the body's internal environment remains in the normal
range
hydrostatic pressure - pressure extended by fluids such ad blood pressure
hypogastric region - the lower middle portion of the abdomen
inferior - below another body part or towards the feet
integumentary system - the skin and its accessory parts, protects deeper tissues from injury -
synthesizes vitamin D and houses pain receptors, as well as sweat and oil glands
lateral - pertaining to the side, away from the midline, on the outer side of
lumbar - the region of the lower back between the ribs and pelvis
lymphatic system - closely related to the cardiovascular system. It is composed if lymphatic
vessels, lymph fluid, lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen. Picks up fluid leaked from the blood
vessels and returns it to the blood. Disposes of debris - houses the white blood cells
macromolecules - a large molecule, such as protein or nucleic acid
medial - toward or near the midline, in the center of
mediastinum - tissues and organs of the thoracic cavity that form a septum between the lungs
molecules - particles composed of two or more jointed atoms
nasal cavity - space within the nose
negative feedback - a mechanism activated by an imbalance that corrects the imbalance
occupital - Pertaining to the lower back portion of the head
oral - pertaining to the mouth
orbital - the eye cavity
organ - a structure consisting of a group of tissues with specialized funcion
organelles - a part of the cell that performs a specific function
,organism - and individual living thing
otic - the ear
parietal - pertaining to the wall of a cavity
pectoral - the chest
pelvic - the pelvis
pericardial membranes - a thin visceral pericardium that covers the hearts surface
physiology - the study of body functions
popliteal - pertaining to the region behind the knee
posterior - toward the back
proximal - closer to the point of attachment
receptors - specialized cells that provide information about the environment
sacral - the posterior region between the hip bones
sagittal - a plane or section that divides a structure into right and left portions
superficial - situated near the surface
superior - a body part that is above another part or is closer to the head
tissue - a group or similar cells that performs a specialized function
transverse - a plane that divides a structure into superior and inferior portions
respiratory system - moves air in and out and exchanges gases between the blood and the air.
removes carbon dioxide. These gas exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs
reproductive system - produces whole new organisms like itself
endrocine system - includes all the glands that secrete chemical messengers called hormones
(metabolism, nutrient use, etc)
urinary system - consists of kidneys, uterus, urinary bladder, & the urethra. Eliminates
nitrogenous waste from the body. Regulates water, electrolytes, and acid based balance in the
blood.
, Muscular System - Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression.
Maintains posture and produces heat
nervous system - consists of the brain, spinal chord, nerves, and sense organs - communicate
through nerve impulses. Control system of the body. It responds to internal and external changes
by activating appropraite muscles and glands
Digestive system - Breaks down food to absorbable units that eneter the blood for distribution to
the cells. Indigestible food is eliminated by feces
cardiovascular system - includes the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, & blood. Transports blood
through the body, which transports oxygens, CO2, nutrients, waste, etc. The heart pumps the
blood.
Skeletal System - Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use
to cause movements. Blood cells are formed within the bones and bones store minerals
Anatomy - Studies the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another
metabolism - all of the chemical reactions in cells that break down or build up substances
Physiology - Concerns the functions of the body
Cystology - Considers the cells of the body
Histology - the study of tissues
Renal Physiology - Concerns kidney functions and urine production
Neurophysiology - Explains the workings of the nervous system
Cardiovascular physiology - Examines the operation of the heart and blood vessels
Structures of Organization - Chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system
level, organismal level
Necessary Life functions - Maintain boundaries, Movement, responsiveness, digestion,
metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth,
Homeostasis - A dynamic equilibrium of the internal environment, All body systems contribute
to homeostasis, but the nervous and endocrine systems are most important. Control mechanisms
for homeostasis are: receptors, control center and effector - negative feedback mechanisms and
positive feedback mechanisms
Inferior - Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body
