NURS 180 PHARM: QUIZ 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS
Difference between Type 1 and Type 2 DM - Answers -Type 1: pancreas produces
little or no insulin
Type 2: pancreas makes insulin, but cells resist insulin's action
What are the labs done to identify diabetes in a patient? - Answers -Hemoglobin A1C
(Big indicator for DM)
Glucose Tolerant Test
Fasting Glucose
What are the different types of TYPE 1 DM insulins? - Answers -Rapid Insulin
Immediate Insulin
Short & Long Acting
Are there any insulins that you shouldn't mix? - Answers -Yes, DO NOT mix long
acting with ANYTHING
Long Acting is always by itself
Why is insulin given subQ? - Answers -GI tract neutralizes so it doesn't really distribute
it if given the oral route
What is the reverse medication for "too much insulin"? - Answers -Glucagon: IM route
Blood glucose is low, what should you do first? - Answers -Assess blood sugar, LOC,
swallow & gag, hospital protocol
Can Type 2 DM become a Type 1? - Answers -Yes with modifiable factors --> Diet &
Exercise
3 P's of diabetes - Answers -Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia
Sulfonylureas - Answers -Helps secrete insulin
Location: Pancreas
Adverse effect: Too much insulin, glucose drops (Hypoglycemia)
Nursing Considerations: NO ETOH
MED TO KNOW: Glucotrol
, PO
Meglitinide - Answers -Stimulates release of insulin from pancreatic islet cells
Hypoglycemia
Similar to Sulfonyareas
You can have more ETOH than the Sulfonyareas
MED TO KNOW: Prandine
Biguanides - Answers -Decreases hepatic reduction of glucose
Reduces insulin resistance in receptors
Location: Liver
Too much glucose? Excretes it or store it in liver as glucagon later
Not enough glucose? Reserve of glucagon in the liver will help compensate
MED TO KNOW: Metaformin
Benefits: Weight loss, reduces triglycerides & LDLs
Nursing Considerations: CANNOT CRUSH! Require monitoring-q3months testing of
Hemoglobin A1C
Thiazolidinediones - Answers -Reduces blood glucose by decreasing insulin
Inhibits gluconeogenesis
Hepatotoxic
Location: Liver
Liver functions should be monitored, if there's something wrong; metabolism &
distribution are affected
Contraindicated in HF & Pulmonary Edema
MED TO KNOW: Avandia
Difference between Type 1 and Type 2 DM - Answers -Type 1: pancreas produces
little or no insulin
Type 2: pancreas makes insulin, but cells resist insulin's action
What are the labs done to identify diabetes in a patient? - Answers -Hemoglobin A1C
(Big indicator for DM)
Glucose Tolerant Test
Fasting Glucose
What are the different types of TYPE 1 DM insulins? - Answers -Rapid Insulin
Immediate Insulin
Short & Long Acting
Are there any insulins that you shouldn't mix? - Answers -Yes, DO NOT mix long
acting with ANYTHING
Long Acting is always by itself
Why is insulin given subQ? - Answers -GI tract neutralizes so it doesn't really distribute
it if given the oral route
What is the reverse medication for "too much insulin"? - Answers -Glucagon: IM route
Blood glucose is low, what should you do first? - Answers -Assess blood sugar, LOC,
swallow & gag, hospital protocol
Can Type 2 DM become a Type 1? - Answers -Yes with modifiable factors --> Diet &
Exercise
3 P's of diabetes - Answers -Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia
Sulfonylureas - Answers -Helps secrete insulin
Location: Pancreas
Adverse effect: Too much insulin, glucose drops (Hypoglycemia)
Nursing Considerations: NO ETOH
MED TO KNOW: Glucotrol
, PO
Meglitinide - Answers -Stimulates release of insulin from pancreatic islet cells
Hypoglycemia
Similar to Sulfonyareas
You can have more ETOH than the Sulfonyareas
MED TO KNOW: Prandine
Biguanides - Answers -Decreases hepatic reduction of glucose
Reduces insulin resistance in receptors
Location: Liver
Too much glucose? Excretes it or store it in liver as glucagon later
Not enough glucose? Reserve of glucagon in the liver will help compensate
MED TO KNOW: Metaformin
Benefits: Weight loss, reduces triglycerides & LDLs
Nursing Considerations: CANNOT CRUSH! Require monitoring-q3months testing of
Hemoglobin A1C
Thiazolidinediones - Answers -Reduces blood glucose by decreasing insulin
Inhibits gluconeogenesis
Hepatotoxic
Location: Liver
Liver functions should be monitored, if there's something wrong; metabolism &
distribution are affected
Contraindicated in HF & Pulmonary Edema
MED TO KNOW: Avandia
