FULL TEST BANK FOR PHARMACOLOGY ILLUSTRATED REVIEVS 8TH EDITION
WHALEN COMPLETE CHAPTERS AND RATIONALES GRADED A+
,Contents
Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics .............................................................................................. 4
Chapter 2: Drug–Receptor Interactions and Pharmacodynamics ....................................... 15
Chapter 3: The Autonomic Nervous System ...................................................................... 31
Chapter 4: Cholinergic Agonists ........................................................................................ 47
Chapter 5: Cholinergic Antagonists ................................................................................... 54
Chapter 6: Adrenergic Agonists ........................................................................................ 69
Chapter 7: Adrenergic Antagonists ................................................................................... 76
Chapter 8: Drugs for Neurodegenerative Diseases ............................................................ 91
Chapter 9: Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs ......................................................................... 98
Chapter 10: Antidepressants .......................................................................................... 106
Chapter 11: Antipsychotic Drugs..................................................................................... 114
Chapter 12: Drugs for Epilepsy ....................................................................................... 129
Chapter 13: Anaesthetics ............................................................................................... 137
Chapter 14: Opioids ....................................................................................................... 153
Chapter 15: Drugs of Abuse ............................................................................................ 161
Chapter 16: CNS Stimulants ............................................................................................ 175
Chapter 17: Antihypertensives ....................................................................................... 181
Chapter 18: Diuretics...................................................................................................... 187
Chapter 19: Heart Failure ............................................................................................... 192
Chapter 20: Antiarrhythmics .......................................................................................... 206
Chapter 21: Antianginal Drugs ........................................................................................ 222
Chapter 22: Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Agents ....................................................... 236
Chapter 23: Drugs for Hyperlipidaemia ........................................................................... 250
Chapter 24: Pituitary and Thyroid ................................................................................... 255
Chapter 25: Drugs for Diabetes ....................................................................................... 264
Chapter 26: Estrogens and Androgens ............................................................................ 272
Chapter 27: Adrenal Hormones ...................................................................................... 276
Chapter 28: Drugs for Obesity ........................................................................................ 291
Chapter 29: Drugs for Disorders of the Respiratory System ............................................. 306
Chapter 30: Antihistamines ............................................................................................ 318
,Chapter 31: Gastrointestinal and Antiemetic Drugs ........................................................ 333
Chapter 32: Drugs for Urologic Disorders ........................................................................ 350
Chapter 33: Drugs for Anemia ........................................................................................ 365
Chapter 34: Drugs for Dermatologic Disorders ................................................................ 379
Chapter 35: Drugs for Bone Disorders ............................................................................. 385
Chapter 36: Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, and Analgesic Agents ................................. 399
Chapter 37: Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy ............................................................. 417
Chapter 38: Cell Wall Inhibitors ...................................................................................... 434
Chapter 39: Protein Synthesis Inhibitors ......................................................................... 450
Chapter 40: Quinolones, Folic Acid Antagonists, and Urinary Tract Antiseptics ................ 455
Chapter 41: Antimycobacterial Drugs ............................................................................. 465
Chapter 42: Antifungal Drugs ......................................................................................... 473
Chapter 43: Antiprotozoal Drugs .................................................................................... 481
Chapter 44: Anthelmintic Drugs...................................................................................... 496
Chapter 45: Antiviral Drugs ............................................................................................ 510
Chapter 46: Anticancer Drugs ......................................................................................... 517
Chapter 47: Immunosuppressants .................................................................................. 523
Chapter 48: Clinical Toxicology ....................................................................................... 538
,Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which drugs will go through a pharmaceutic phase after it is administered?
a. Intramuscular cephalosporins
b. Intravenous vasopressors
c. Oral analgesics
d. Subcutaneous antiglycemics
ANS:C
When drugs are administered parenterally, there is no pharmaceutic phase, which occurs when a drug
becomes a solution that can cross the biologic membrane.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 3 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
2. The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication and wants to ensure a rapid drug action.
Which form of the medication will the nurse administer?
a. Capsule
b. Enteric-coated pill
c. Liquid suspension
d. Tablet
ANS:C
Liquid drugs are already in solution, which is the form necessary for absorption in the GI tract. The other
forms must disintegrate into small particles and then dissolve before being absorbed.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 3 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing
Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
,3. The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with a prescription for an enteric-
coated tablet. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
a. I may crush the tablet and put it in applesauce to improve absorption.
b. I should consume acidic foods to enhance absorption of this medication.
c. I should expect a delay in onset of the drugs effects after taking the tablet.
d. I should take this medication with high-fat foods to improve its action.
ANS:C
Enteric-coated tablets resist disintegration in the acidic environment of the stomach and disintegrate
when they reach the small intestine. There is usually some delay in onset of actions after taking these
medications. Enteric-coated tablets should not be crushed or chewed, which would alter the time and
location of absorption. Acidic foods will not enhance the absorption of the medication. The patient
should not to eat high-fat food before ingesting an enteric-coated tablet, because high-fat foods
decrease the absorption rate.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application) REF: dm 3 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
4. A patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks why insulin must be given
by subcutaneous injection instead of by mouth. The nurse will explain that this is because
a. absorption is diminished by the first-pass effects in the liver.
b. absorption is faster when insulin is given subcutaneously.
c. digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract prevent absorption.
d. the oral form is less predictable with more adverse effects.
ANS:C
Insulin, growth hormones, and other protein-based drugs are destroyed in the small intestine by
digestive enzymes and must be given parenterally. Because insulin is destroyed by digestive enzymes, it
would not make it to the liver for metabolism with a first-pass effect. Subcutaneous tissue has fewer
blood vessels, so absorption is slower in such tissue. Insulin is given subcutaneously because it is
desirable to have it absorb slowly.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 3 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing
Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
, 5. The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication that is water-soluble. The nurse
understands that this drug
a. must be taken on an empty stomach.
b. requires active transport for absorption.
c. should be taken with fatty foods.
d. will readily diffuse into the gastrointestinal tract.
ANS:B
Water-soluble drugs require a carrier enzyme or protein to pass through the GI membrane.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing
Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an oral drug that is best absorbed in an acidic environment.
How will the nurse give the drug?
a. On an empty stomach
b. With a full glass of water
c. With food
d. With high-fat food
ANS:C
Food can stimulate the production of gastric acid so medications requiring an acidic environment should
be given with a meal. High-fat foods are useful for drugs that are lipid soluble.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application) REF: dm 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
7. The nurse is preparing an injectable drug and wants to administer it for rapid absorption. How
will the nurse give this medication?
a. IM into the deltoid muscle
b. IM into the gluteal muscle
WHALEN COMPLETE CHAPTERS AND RATIONALES GRADED A+
,Contents
Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics .............................................................................................. 4
Chapter 2: Drug–Receptor Interactions and Pharmacodynamics ....................................... 15
Chapter 3: The Autonomic Nervous System ...................................................................... 31
Chapter 4: Cholinergic Agonists ........................................................................................ 47
Chapter 5: Cholinergic Antagonists ................................................................................... 54
Chapter 6: Adrenergic Agonists ........................................................................................ 69
Chapter 7: Adrenergic Antagonists ................................................................................... 76
Chapter 8: Drugs for Neurodegenerative Diseases ............................................................ 91
Chapter 9: Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs ......................................................................... 98
Chapter 10: Antidepressants .......................................................................................... 106
Chapter 11: Antipsychotic Drugs..................................................................................... 114
Chapter 12: Drugs for Epilepsy ....................................................................................... 129
Chapter 13: Anaesthetics ............................................................................................... 137
Chapter 14: Opioids ....................................................................................................... 153
Chapter 15: Drugs of Abuse ............................................................................................ 161
Chapter 16: CNS Stimulants ............................................................................................ 175
Chapter 17: Antihypertensives ....................................................................................... 181
Chapter 18: Diuretics...................................................................................................... 187
Chapter 19: Heart Failure ............................................................................................... 192
Chapter 20: Antiarrhythmics .......................................................................................... 206
Chapter 21: Antianginal Drugs ........................................................................................ 222
Chapter 22: Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Agents ....................................................... 236
Chapter 23: Drugs for Hyperlipidaemia ........................................................................... 250
Chapter 24: Pituitary and Thyroid ................................................................................... 255
Chapter 25: Drugs for Diabetes ....................................................................................... 264
Chapter 26: Estrogens and Androgens ............................................................................ 272
Chapter 27: Adrenal Hormones ...................................................................................... 276
Chapter 28: Drugs for Obesity ........................................................................................ 291
Chapter 29: Drugs for Disorders of the Respiratory System ............................................. 306
Chapter 30: Antihistamines ............................................................................................ 318
,Chapter 31: Gastrointestinal and Antiemetic Drugs ........................................................ 333
Chapter 32: Drugs for Urologic Disorders ........................................................................ 350
Chapter 33: Drugs for Anemia ........................................................................................ 365
Chapter 34: Drugs for Dermatologic Disorders ................................................................ 379
Chapter 35: Drugs for Bone Disorders ............................................................................. 385
Chapter 36: Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, and Analgesic Agents ................................. 399
Chapter 37: Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy ............................................................. 417
Chapter 38: Cell Wall Inhibitors ...................................................................................... 434
Chapter 39: Protein Synthesis Inhibitors ......................................................................... 450
Chapter 40: Quinolones, Folic Acid Antagonists, and Urinary Tract Antiseptics ................ 455
Chapter 41: Antimycobacterial Drugs ............................................................................. 465
Chapter 42: Antifungal Drugs ......................................................................................... 473
Chapter 43: Antiprotozoal Drugs .................................................................................... 481
Chapter 44: Anthelmintic Drugs...................................................................................... 496
Chapter 45: Antiviral Drugs ............................................................................................ 510
Chapter 46: Anticancer Drugs ......................................................................................... 517
Chapter 47: Immunosuppressants .................................................................................. 523
Chapter 48: Clinical Toxicology ....................................................................................... 538
,Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which drugs will go through a pharmaceutic phase after it is administered?
a. Intramuscular cephalosporins
b. Intravenous vasopressors
c. Oral analgesics
d. Subcutaneous antiglycemics
ANS:C
When drugs are administered parenterally, there is no pharmaceutic phase, which occurs when a drug
becomes a solution that can cross the biologic membrane.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 3 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
2. The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication and wants to ensure a rapid drug action.
Which form of the medication will the nurse administer?
a. Capsule
b. Enteric-coated pill
c. Liquid suspension
d. Tablet
ANS:C
Liquid drugs are already in solution, which is the form necessary for absorption in the GI tract. The other
forms must disintegrate into small particles and then dissolve before being absorbed.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 3 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing
Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
,3. The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with a prescription for an enteric-
coated tablet. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
a. I may crush the tablet and put it in applesauce to improve absorption.
b. I should consume acidic foods to enhance absorption of this medication.
c. I should expect a delay in onset of the drugs effects after taking the tablet.
d. I should take this medication with high-fat foods to improve its action.
ANS:C
Enteric-coated tablets resist disintegration in the acidic environment of the stomach and disintegrate
when they reach the small intestine. There is usually some delay in onset of actions after taking these
medications. Enteric-coated tablets should not be crushed or chewed, which would alter the time and
location of absorption. Acidic foods will not enhance the absorption of the medication. The patient
should not to eat high-fat food before ingesting an enteric-coated tablet, because high-fat foods
decrease the absorption rate.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application) REF: dm 3 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
4. A patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks why insulin must be given
by subcutaneous injection instead of by mouth. The nurse will explain that this is because
a. absorption is diminished by the first-pass effects in the liver.
b. absorption is faster when insulin is given subcutaneously.
c. digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract prevent absorption.
d. the oral form is less predictable with more adverse effects.
ANS:C
Insulin, growth hormones, and other protein-based drugs are destroyed in the small intestine by
digestive enzymes and must be given parenterally. Because insulin is destroyed by digestive enzymes, it
would not make it to the liver for metabolism with a first-pass effect. Subcutaneous tissue has fewer
blood vessels, so absorption is slower in such tissue. Insulin is given subcutaneously because it is
desirable to have it absorb slowly.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 3 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing
Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
, 5. The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication that is water-soluble. The nurse
understands that this drug
a. must be taken on an empty stomach.
b. requires active transport for absorption.
c. should be taken with fatty foods.
d. will readily diffuse into the gastrointestinal tract.
ANS:B
Water-soluble drugs require a carrier enzyme or protein to pass through the GI membrane.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing
Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an oral drug that is best absorbed in an acidic environment.
How will the nurse give the drug?
a. On an empty stomach
b. With a full glass of water
c. With food
d. With high-fat food
ANS:C
Food can stimulate the production of gastric acid so medications requiring an acidic environment should
be given with a meal. High-fat foods are useful for drugs that are lipid soluble.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application) REF: dm 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
7. The nurse is preparing an injectable drug and wants to administer it for rapid absorption. How
will the nurse give this medication?
a. IM into the deltoid muscle
b. IM into the gluteal muscle
