NUR 521 Pharm Test 4 Questions with Correct Answers Verified by Experts| Latest Update
Sildenafil Patient education re Viagra Take with or without food, High fat foods delay onset
by as much as 60 minutes, Avoid grapefruit juice, Viagra should be taken 1 hr. prior to sexual
activity, Do not take with vasodilators (Alpha-adrenergic blockers, Nitroglycerin, Nitrates) Seek
medical attention for erection lasting longer than 4 hours or sudden loss of vision
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Caused by excessive growth of epithelial (glandular) cells and
smooth muscle cells
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Clinical manifestations: urinary hesitancy, urgency, frequency,
nocturia, straining to void, dribbling, incomplete bladder emptying and decreased stream
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia 5-Alpha-reductase inhibitors (large prostates=mechanical
obstruction) Finasteride (Proscar) & Dutasteride
Finasteride (Proscar)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Alpha1-adrenergic antagonists (small prostates= dynamic
obstruction) Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Glucocorticoids 5-alpha-Reductase
Inhibitor: Finasteride (Proscar)
Finasteride MOA: Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase reducing dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production
causing the prostate to shrink (mechanical obstruction)
Finasteride Safety: Teratogenic to male fetus
,Finasteride Pharmacokinetics: Metabolized by liver; CYP450: 3A4 substrate; excreted in
urine and feces
Finasteride Indications: BPH
Finasteride Contraindications: In pregnancy- should not even handle the tablets.
Finasteride Patient Education Monitoring: PSA at baseline and at 6 months then periodically,
Can protect against low-grade prostate cancer due to decreased DHT levels, Cannot donate
blood due to risk of exposing a pregnant recipient
Finasteride Evaluation Efficacy: Anticipate improvement after 6-12 months
Finasteride Side Effects: Decreased ejaculate volume and libido, decreases PSA levels
Finasteride Lab interpretation of PSA level
Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Glucocorticoids Alpha-Adrenergic Antagonist: Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Tamsulosin MOA: Block alpha-1 adrenergic receptors leading to relaxed bladder neck,
prostate capsule and prostatic urethra (dynamic obstruction)
Tamsulosin Safety: Risk of floppy-iris syndrome during cataract surgery.
Tamsulosin Pharmacokinetics Metabolized by the liver extensively; excreted mostly in urine
,Tamsulosin Indications: BPH
Tamsulosin Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the drug
Tamsulosin Precautions: Use with caution with other drugs that lower BP especially nitrates,
antihypertensives and PDE-5 inhibitors and strong inhibitors of CYP 3A4
Tamsulosin Evaluation Efficacy: Benefits develop rapidly
Tamsulosin Side Effects: Abnormal ejaculation (ejaculation failure, reduced ejaculate
volume, retrograde ejaculation); orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, fainting, somnolence, nasal
congestion
Tamsulosin Lab interpretation of the PSA level
Fat soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K
Water soluble Vitamin C
Vitamin B: Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, biotin, folic acid,
cyanocobalamin (B12)
Vitamin C Synthesis of adrenal steroids, Conversion of folic acid, Mitochondria, Production
of collagen, Facilitates iron absorption, Prevents and treats scurvy, Incidence and duration of
colds slightly reduced, Deficiency can lead to bleeding disorders
Thiamin: Essential for carbohydrate metabolism
, Riboflavin: Sore throat, angular stomatitis, cheilosis, and glossitis.
Niacin: Reduce cholesterol levels; Causes flushing
Pyridoxine: Alcohol abuse; Isoniazid; Peripheral neuritis (i.e., diabetics)
Pantothenic acid: Rare genetic condition causes deficiency
Biotin: Hair, skin and nails; No toxicity
Folic acid: Prevent neural tube defects; 400-800 ug/daily
Cyanocobalamin (B12): Pernicious anemia; bariatric surgery, vegan diets, age
Diagnosed by Body Mass Index (BMI) exceeding 30 kg/m2
Comorbidities: Heart disease, htn, dyslipidia, sleep apnea, stroke, metabolic syndrome, DM,
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer, mental illness, osteoarthritis,
BMI Underweight: Below 18.5,
BMI Healthy Weight: 18.5-24.9
BMI Overweight: 25-29.9,
BMI Obesity: 30 or greater
Sildenafil Patient education re Viagra Take with or without food, High fat foods delay onset
by as much as 60 minutes, Avoid grapefruit juice, Viagra should be taken 1 hr. prior to sexual
activity, Do not take with vasodilators (Alpha-adrenergic blockers, Nitroglycerin, Nitrates) Seek
medical attention for erection lasting longer than 4 hours or sudden loss of vision
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Caused by excessive growth of epithelial (glandular) cells and
smooth muscle cells
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Clinical manifestations: urinary hesitancy, urgency, frequency,
nocturia, straining to void, dribbling, incomplete bladder emptying and decreased stream
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia 5-Alpha-reductase inhibitors (large prostates=mechanical
obstruction) Finasteride (Proscar) & Dutasteride
Finasteride (Proscar)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Alpha1-adrenergic antagonists (small prostates= dynamic
obstruction) Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Glucocorticoids 5-alpha-Reductase
Inhibitor: Finasteride (Proscar)
Finasteride MOA: Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase reducing dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production
causing the prostate to shrink (mechanical obstruction)
Finasteride Safety: Teratogenic to male fetus
,Finasteride Pharmacokinetics: Metabolized by liver; CYP450: 3A4 substrate; excreted in
urine and feces
Finasteride Indications: BPH
Finasteride Contraindications: In pregnancy- should not even handle the tablets.
Finasteride Patient Education Monitoring: PSA at baseline and at 6 months then periodically,
Can protect against low-grade prostate cancer due to decreased DHT levels, Cannot donate
blood due to risk of exposing a pregnant recipient
Finasteride Evaluation Efficacy: Anticipate improvement after 6-12 months
Finasteride Side Effects: Decreased ejaculate volume and libido, decreases PSA levels
Finasteride Lab interpretation of PSA level
Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Glucocorticoids Alpha-Adrenergic Antagonist: Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Tamsulosin MOA: Block alpha-1 adrenergic receptors leading to relaxed bladder neck,
prostate capsule and prostatic urethra (dynamic obstruction)
Tamsulosin Safety: Risk of floppy-iris syndrome during cataract surgery.
Tamsulosin Pharmacokinetics Metabolized by the liver extensively; excreted mostly in urine
,Tamsulosin Indications: BPH
Tamsulosin Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the drug
Tamsulosin Precautions: Use with caution with other drugs that lower BP especially nitrates,
antihypertensives and PDE-5 inhibitors and strong inhibitors of CYP 3A4
Tamsulosin Evaluation Efficacy: Benefits develop rapidly
Tamsulosin Side Effects: Abnormal ejaculation (ejaculation failure, reduced ejaculate
volume, retrograde ejaculation); orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, fainting, somnolence, nasal
congestion
Tamsulosin Lab interpretation of the PSA level
Fat soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K
Water soluble Vitamin C
Vitamin B: Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, biotin, folic acid,
cyanocobalamin (B12)
Vitamin C Synthesis of adrenal steroids, Conversion of folic acid, Mitochondria, Production
of collagen, Facilitates iron absorption, Prevents and treats scurvy, Incidence and duration of
colds slightly reduced, Deficiency can lead to bleeding disorders
Thiamin: Essential for carbohydrate metabolism
, Riboflavin: Sore throat, angular stomatitis, cheilosis, and glossitis.
Niacin: Reduce cholesterol levels; Causes flushing
Pyridoxine: Alcohol abuse; Isoniazid; Peripheral neuritis (i.e., diabetics)
Pantothenic acid: Rare genetic condition causes deficiency
Biotin: Hair, skin and nails; No toxicity
Folic acid: Prevent neural tube defects; 400-800 ug/daily
Cyanocobalamin (B12): Pernicious anemia; bariatric surgery, vegan diets, age
Diagnosed by Body Mass Index (BMI) exceeding 30 kg/m2
Comorbidities: Heart disease, htn, dyslipidia, sleep apnea, stroke, metabolic syndrome, DM,
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer, mental illness, osteoarthritis,
BMI Underweight: Below 18.5,
BMI Healthy Weight: 18.5-24.9
BMI Overweight: 25-29.9,
BMI Obesity: 30 or greater
