MASTERING NUR 155 PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION

MASTERING NUR 155 PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION 1) Fluid and electrolyte imbalance cause - answer illness or disease (burn or heart failure) And therapeutic measures (diuretics) 2) hypovolemia - answer ecf volume deficit from salt and/or water loss 3) dehydration - answer loss of pure water without corresponding loss of salt 4) hypervolemia - answer ecf volume excess with abnormal retention of fluid 5) signs and symptoms of hypovolemia (mild) - answer increase heart rate Weight loss Orthostatic hypotension 6) signs and symptoms of hypovolemia (moderate) - answer extreme thirst, nausea, rapid pulse, decrease urine output (10-30ml/hr) 7) signs and symptoms of hypovolemia (severe) - answer decreased cardiac output Unconsciousness Hypotension 8) signs and symptoms of hypervolemia - answer pulmonary edema Weight gain Hypertension Tachypnea Crackles Distended neck and hand veins 9) - answer major electrolyte for hydration 10) sodium normal range - answer 135-145 11) potassium normal range - answer 3.5-5 12) chloride normal range - answer 97-107 13) bun normal range - answer 8-20 14) creatine normal range - answer 0.6-1.2 15) glucose normal range - answer 70-99 16) calcium normal range - answer 8.5-10.5 17) phosphorus normal range - answer 2.5-4.5 18) magnesium normal range - answer 1.5-2.5 19) hgb normal range - answer 12-16 20) hematocrit normal range - answer 36-48 21) albumin normal range - answer 3.5-5 22) specific gravity normal range - answer 1.005-1.030 23) ph normal range - answer 7.35-7.45 24) co2 normal range - answer 35-45 25) bicarbonate normal range - answer 22-26 26) nursing management for fluid volume deficit - answer bun, sodium, hematocrit and urine osmolality will all increase 27) nursing management for fluid volume excess - answer bun, sodium, hematocrit, and urine osmolality will all decrease 28) iv fluids - answer listen to lungs before giving 29) hemodilution - answer excess fluid in blood 30) hemoconcentration - answer decrease fluid in blood 31) how to measure hydration - answer skin turgor Urine output Blood pressure Specific gravity 32) hematocrit - answer most accurate lab to evaluate hydration 33) define hematocrit - answer percentage of cellular component of the blood. Other percentage is water 34) cardiomegaly - answer enlargement of the heart, usually due to congestive heart failure 35) when hematocrit increases above normal levels - answer blood clot can occur 36) 2 variables that make up hematocrit - answer cells and fluid 37) nursing diagnosis for ecf volume deficit - answer potential complication is hypovolemic shock 38) nursing diagnosis for ecf volume excess - answer potential complication for pulmonary edema 39) tonicity - answer the ability of a solution surrounding a cell to cause that cell to gain or lose water. 40) body's tonicity percentage - answer 0.9% solute in 99.1% solvent 41) isotonic - answer anything that is 0.9% 42) hyerptonic - answer anything greater than 0.9% 43) hypotonic - answer anything less than 0.9% 44) cells, and interstitial space - answer hypotonic solution, where are more particles found 45) isotonic solution patient - answer severely dehydrated (heatstroke) 46) hypertonic - answer increased tonicity 47) hypertonic solution patient - answer edema 48) d5%w action once infused - answer feeds the cells and fortify cells 49) colloids - answer protein solutions 50) albumin - answer the most common colloid 51) albumin - answer what holds water in your blood 52) lactated ringers tonicity - answer isotonic 53) random blood glucose level - answer non fasting 54) fasting blood glucose level - answer 6hr fast that only includes water, black coffee, and unsweet tea 55) pre-prandial bgl - answer immediately before eating 56) post prandial bgl - answer 2 hrs after eating and should see less than 140 57) risk factors for diabetes - answer family history Obesity Ethnicity Age History of gestational diabetes Delivering a baby that weighs 9lbs or more 58) top 3 ethnicities for diabetes - answer african american, hispanic, american indian 59) obesity - answer primary risk factor for diabetes 60) metabollic syndrome 5 criteria - answer waist circumference greater than 40 Triglycerides greater than 150 Hdl less than 40 Blood pressure greater than 130/85 Fasting glucose greater than 100mg/dl 61) a1c - answer average blood glucose level over the last 120 days, so is the most reliable test 62) a1c range for a diabetic - answer 6-7 63) types of diabetes - answer type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes Secondary (iatrogenic) diabetes 64) type 1 diabetes - answer pancreas cannot produce insulin because beta cells have been destroyed 65) another name for type 1 diabetes - answer insulin dependent diabetes 66) type 2 diabetes - answer pancreas cannot make enough insulin and/or body is insulin resistant