Biology 123 Exam 3 | Latest study set |
Questions and verified Answers
Ecosystem Ecology - ANSW-interactions of organisms with their environment
Open System - ANSW-production continuously enter and leave the system
-- energy in everything
Closed System - ANSW-nothing new enters or leaves
-- carbon on a global scale
pools - ANSW-anything that stores energy or matter
-- animals, forests, volcanoes
Pools Equilibrium - ANSW-Pools move towards equilibrium
Equilibrium does not mean equal
--rates are going at the same
fluxes - ANSW-any process that moves energy or matter between two pools
-- eating, forest fires, volcano explosion
Biogeochemical Cycle - ANSW-How carbon, nitrogen, sulfur cycles & their food webs/trophic levels
Links, Feedback, Uncertainty - ANSW---each of the cycles are linked either directly or indirectly
--humans have a major effect of cycling elements
--we are uncertain of how cycles will change
patterns of diversity - ANSW-biotic affects abiotic (vise versa)
Food Webs - ANSW-transfer of carbon and energy from one organism to another
implications -- diversity, biomass, migration process
Food Web Organization - ANSW-Primary Producers, Primary Consumers, Secondary Consumers, Tertiary
Consumers
--only 10% moves on to next level
primary producers - ANSW-gather energy from environment and insert it into ecosystem (autotroph)
-- plants, cyanobacteria, photosynthetic protists
consumers - ANSW-converts pre-existing organic molecules into their own biomass (heterotroph)
primary consumer - ANSW-consumer primary producer (transfer carbon and energy drawn by the
primary producers)
-- herbivores, insects, bunnies
secondary consumer - ANSW-predators or scavengers that feed on primary consumers (continue the
transfer of carbon and energy)
-- snakes, frogs, smaller birds
tertiary consumer - ANSW-a carnivore at the topmost level in a food chain that feeds on other carnivores
(heterotroph)
, -- lions, wolves, eagle
decomposers - ANSW-Break down dead organic matter
-- fungi, bacteria
trophic level - ANSW-Each step in a food chain or food web (organisms typical place)
-- 1st: primary producers
-- 2nd: primary consumers
-- 3rd: secondary consumers
Food Web Levels - ANSW-Consumption - biomass ingestion
Assimilation - digestion and absorption
Conversion - biomass used to poduce new
Greenhouse Effect - ANSW-the atmoshperes ability to absorb light **determined by amount of CO2**
Short Wavelengths can get through
Long Wavelengths cannot get back out (infrared)
Earth's Thermostat - ANSW-"negative feedback" slows down warming of Earth
"positive feedback" speeds up warming of Earth
When Earth is hotter... - ANSW-More:
weathering
minerals in water
sedimentation
fast oceanic plate moving
But slows down Greenhouse Effect
Short Term Carbon Cycle - ANSW-The organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into organisms
and back again (days, weeks, months, years)
--photosynthesis and respiratiom
Photosynthesis - ANSW-process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert
water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Respiration - ANSW-The process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy
they contain
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
carbon fixation - ANSW-CO2 comes and binds with Rubisco (we need enzyme and ATP)
light harvesting - ANSW-light splits h2o and you can get electrons
Thermodynamics - ANSW-1st Law: energy only changes form. neither created now destroyed, only
transfer
2nd Law: conversion to heat. some energy is lost in transfer of energy (not efficient transfer)
Basil Metabolic Rate (BMR) - ANSW-how much energy your body would use
Primary Production - ANSW-the rate at which an ecosystem's producers capture and store energy
Measure:
Questions and verified Answers
Ecosystem Ecology - ANSW-interactions of organisms with their environment
Open System - ANSW-production continuously enter and leave the system
-- energy in everything
Closed System - ANSW-nothing new enters or leaves
-- carbon on a global scale
pools - ANSW-anything that stores energy or matter
-- animals, forests, volcanoes
Pools Equilibrium - ANSW-Pools move towards equilibrium
Equilibrium does not mean equal
--rates are going at the same
fluxes - ANSW-any process that moves energy or matter between two pools
-- eating, forest fires, volcano explosion
Biogeochemical Cycle - ANSW-How carbon, nitrogen, sulfur cycles & their food webs/trophic levels
Links, Feedback, Uncertainty - ANSW---each of the cycles are linked either directly or indirectly
--humans have a major effect of cycling elements
--we are uncertain of how cycles will change
patterns of diversity - ANSW-biotic affects abiotic (vise versa)
Food Webs - ANSW-transfer of carbon and energy from one organism to another
implications -- diversity, biomass, migration process
Food Web Organization - ANSW-Primary Producers, Primary Consumers, Secondary Consumers, Tertiary
Consumers
--only 10% moves on to next level
primary producers - ANSW-gather energy from environment and insert it into ecosystem (autotroph)
-- plants, cyanobacteria, photosynthetic protists
consumers - ANSW-converts pre-existing organic molecules into their own biomass (heterotroph)
primary consumer - ANSW-consumer primary producer (transfer carbon and energy drawn by the
primary producers)
-- herbivores, insects, bunnies
secondary consumer - ANSW-predators or scavengers that feed on primary consumers (continue the
transfer of carbon and energy)
-- snakes, frogs, smaller birds
tertiary consumer - ANSW-a carnivore at the topmost level in a food chain that feeds on other carnivores
(heterotroph)
, -- lions, wolves, eagle
decomposers - ANSW-Break down dead organic matter
-- fungi, bacteria
trophic level - ANSW-Each step in a food chain or food web (organisms typical place)
-- 1st: primary producers
-- 2nd: primary consumers
-- 3rd: secondary consumers
Food Web Levels - ANSW-Consumption - biomass ingestion
Assimilation - digestion and absorption
Conversion - biomass used to poduce new
Greenhouse Effect - ANSW-the atmoshperes ability to absorb light **determined by amount of CO2**
Short Wavelengths can get through
Long Wavelengths cannot get back out (infrared)
Earth's Thermostat - ANSW-"negative feedback" slows down warming of Earth
"positive feedback" speeds up warming of Earth
When Earth is hotter... - ANSW-More:
weathering
minerals in water
sedimentation
fast oceanic plate moving
But slows down Greenhouse Effect
Short Term Carbon Cycle - ANSW-The organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into organisms
and back again (days, weeks, months, years)
--photosynthesis and respiratiom
Photosynthesis - ANSW-process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert
water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Respiration - ANSW-The process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy
they contain
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
carbon fixation - ANSW-CO2 comes and binds with Rubisco (we need enzyme and ATP)
light harvesting - ANSW-light splits h2o and you can get electrons
Thermodynamics - ANSW-1st Law: energy only changes form. neither created now destroyed, only
transfer
2nd Law: conversion to heat. some energy is lost in transfer of energy (not efficient transfer)
Basil Metabolic Rate (BMR) - ANSW-how much energy your body would use
Primary Production - ANSW-the rate at which an ecosystem's producers capture and store energy
Measure:
