Biology 151 Exam 2 help Questions And Answers

When a patient receives a transplant organ it must possess the same MHC markers as the patient's cells. If it does not the immune system will recognize it as foreign and attack the transplant organ. Which of the following membrane proteins is involved in organ rejection? - ANS identity Theoretically, because of the location of electron delivery in the ETC, each FADH2 produces ____ ATPs and each NADH produces _____ ATPs. - ANS 2,3 When coenzyme Q (a molecule in an electron transport chain) gains an electron it is ______ and when it looses its electron it is _______. - ANS Reduced, oxidized ATP is produced through oxidative phosphorylation in which steps (mark all that apply). - ANS Glycolysis Oxidation of pyruvate Kreb's Cycle Which of the following is NOT true of active transport? - ANS It moves substances with the concentration gradient. All of the following result from an increase in entropy except ___. - ANS Glucose molecules from photosynthesis. In which type of inhibition does the inhibitor bind to the active site of the enzyme? - ANS Competitive Are the following events associated with light dependent reactions of photosynthesis, the Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis, or both? Primarily concerned with carbon fixation Occurs in the thylkoid Produces energy in the form of ATP Occurs in the stroma - ANS Calvin Cycle Light dependent reactions Light dependent reactions Calvin cycle In aerobic respiration, from what molecule does the electron transport chain receive electrons? - ANS NADH and FADH2 In terms of being able to produce energy, what products of fermentation are most important? (Think about where fermenters produce the most energy.) - ANS NAD+ for glycolysis During cellular respiration, the largest amount of ATP is produced in ___. - ANS ETC Which of the following is NOT associated with membranes? - ANS nucleic acids The terminal electron and proton acceptor in the linear pathway of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis is ____. - ANS NADPH A cell is 80% water and 20% CO2. The environment is 90% water and 10% CO2. Assuming there are no transport proteins which direction will the CO2 move? - ANS Out of the cell A cell is 50% water and 50% sucrose. The environment is 100% water and 0% sucrose. Which direction will the water move? - ANS into the cell How do the following things cross the membrane? Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other small non-polar molecules Viruses are taken into a cell using a receptor protein Na+ and K+ are moved across a membrane against their concentration gradients Glucose molecules are moved across a membrane using their concentration gradient - ANS Simple diffusion through the membranes Endocytosis Active transport Passive transport A single-cell freshwater organism, such as a protist, is transferred to saltwater. (The protist is now in a hypertonic environment.) Which of the following is likely to happen? - ANS The cell will shrink. In order to give the membrane a fluid quality it must possess some unsaturated phospholipids. - ANS True A cell is 75% water and 25% sucrose. The environment is 50% water and 50% sucrose. Assuming there is an active sucrose transporter which direction will the sucrose move? - ANS out of the cell It takes ____ CO2 molecules entering the Calvin-Benson Cycle to produce one glucose molecule. - ANS 6 All main energy-releasing pathways start with glycolysis in the cytoplasm. - ANS true Which region of the phospholipids gives a membrane its selective permeability? - ANS non-polar tails How many turns of the Kreb's cycle are required to completely break down a glucose molecule? - ANS 2 Through aerobic respiration glucose is reduced to CO2. - ANS False Reactions with a smaller energy of activation proceed faster than reactions with a larger energy of activation. - ANS true How many molecules of ATP are theoretically produced per glucose molecule during aerobic respiration? - ANS 36-38 Glucose is the only source of energy for the human body. - ANS False The conversion of solar energy into chemical energy occurs during - ANS photosynthesis Plants are capable of photosynthesis, but not aerobic respiration. - ANS False Do the following describe endergonic or exergonic reactions? Cellular respiration is an example.